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Carefully read the following essays 1 Davies Sexual Taboos and Social Boundaries from The American Journal of Sociology available at the SFSU Electronic Library Reserve 2 Greenberg Sexual Asceticism in the Ancient World from The Construction of Homosexuality 3 Rubin Thinking Sex Notes on a Radical Theory of the Politics of Sexuality from Pleasure and Danger Exploring Sexuality B

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Citing Gilbert, Davis gives an example from only three centuries ago when homosexuality was among the highest ranking crimes according to British military law:
Between May 1st and June 19th, 1708, , twelve men were sentenced to death in the Royal Navy. Of the twelve, six were deserters, one was convicted of murder, and the remaining five were found guilty of buggery. Between 1703 and 1710, twelve sailors were tried for buggery or attempted buggery and six of these men were sentenced to death (Davies, p. 1054)
In opposition to this example, Davies cites K.J. Dover who writes about two ancient Greek states whose armies were organized according to the principle of pairing homosexual lovers to fight in battle (Davies, 1982, p.1055). The author points out that a comparison between the army of the United Kingdom, for example and that of two tiny ancient Greek city states may be irrelevant precisely because of their contrasting proportions. Still, there is historic evidence that military institutions may have considered homosexuality to their own advantage at some point in history (Davies,1982)......