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Dependent Variable 2:
Strength of Expressed Opinions on Questionnaire.
Variables
Direct Intervention -- Test subjects will be exposed to conversation at the dinner table directed to them and including them on three separate occasions one week apart about the importance of consuming alcohol responsibly and about the dangerous consequences of drinking irresponsibly.
Indirect Intervention -- Test subjects will be exposed to modeled behavior of adults expressing concern over matters such as designating a non-drinking driver and avoiding excessive intoxication without any conversation about them or directed to them three separate occasions one week apart.
Controls
There will be a control condition in the post-test version of the experimental design. Specifically, the responses of test subjects will be compared to a comparable control group that is not exposed to the specified intervention.
Manipulation Check
The parents will be instructed to either engage in verbal conversation directly with the test subjects or to refrain from any involvement with the test subjects while engaging in conversation with another adult about adults in their presence. The parents will be asked to confirm their adherence to this protocol after the fact. To ensure that the test subjects heard the conversation directed at them, they will be asked a direct question. To confirm that the subjects heard the conversations not directed at them, they will be engaged in a casual comment and glance in which the...
The test samples will be procured by soliciting parents directly in conjunction with a description of the purpose of the experiment and of the possible benefits and any other conceivable consequences to their children and their families.
External and Internal Validity
The principal threat to external validity is the fact that the results for the tested sample may not necessarily represent a wider pattern that is applicable to other groups of similarly chosen sample groups. External validity could be improved by repeating the experiment with other sample groups.
The principal threat to internal validity is the fact that the results may also reflect variables that are not accounted for besides the independent variable specifically tested for. Internal validity could be improved by repeating the experiment with other sample groups as well as by conducting a survey after the conclusion of testing to identify any conceivable extraneous variables that could have been reflected in the outcomes of the experiments.
Experimental design employs comparison as its strategy for the given research. It uses two groups, which the researcher uses for comparison purposes. These include the experimental group and a control group. The two groups used in a study have similarities, but the experimental group uses the independent variable, whereas the researcher the control group is not assignment of subjects to either control or experimental group because it is central to
Quasi-Experimental Design on the Effect of TV Adverts on Children This study carries out the evaluation of a research titled "A quasi-experiment assessing the effectiveness of TV advertising directed to children" (Goldberg, 1990 p 445). The paper examines the extent the research hypotheses have been able to address the study. The paper also examines the research dependent variables and independent variables. Moreover, the study investigates the extent the author has adhered
Experimental Research Methods in Business Experimental Research Methods The author provides a survey of the literature illustrating applied experimental research methods in cross-sections of business and organization types. The advantages and disadvantages of the experimental research methods are discussed for each of the examples provided which run the gamut from depression-era agricultural economics to research conducted for the National Science Institute. While the article focuses on business research methods, the range of
population sample will be a convenience one -- at least 500 individuals between ages 18 to 50 - acquired from 5 different sites in Connecticut Inclusion symptoms will be people who experienced a minor emergency and that the respondent be cognitively able to participate, speak English, and have telephone access. Participants will be matched as to age, condition of emergency, intelligence, and gender, and effort will made to gain a
Experimental Critique You have just answered an advertisement to participate in an experiment from researchers at Yale University. You enter a professional looking building and are met by a professional looking man in a white lab coat. You have been paid $4.50 (which would have easily filled up your gas tank in 1961) to participate in a memory and learning experiment. The experiment requires that you play the role of "teacher"
Eveland's research design is quasi-experimental. The sample populations for the experiment are not randomly selected. There is structure to the experiment with more than one form of measurement during the research process. Quasi-experimental design includes multiple groups and multiple waves of measurement. While there were not a significant number of groups in the experiment, there was more than one. At more than one point in the experiment, measurements were