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Disorders of the Veins and ArteriesPathophysiology of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Deep Venous Thrombosis
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) pathophysiology is either the obstruction or reflux of venous blood flow (Gujja, Wiley, & Krishnan, 2014). The perforating veins valve normally functions by preventing the reflux of blood from the deep veins into the superficial veins. CVI occurs when there is venous hypertension that is caused by incompetent valves. Venous blood will escape from its normal antegrade flow path and it refluxes backward into the veins of an already congested leg. After prolonged standing, the individual's veins will be completely filled and the venous valves will be flat open. This results in a high hydrostatic venous pressure due to the unbroken column of fluid that is extending from the head to the foot. The failed valves will cause the column of standing blood in the vein to remain high even during ambulation. Hydrostatic pressure will increase during and immediately after ambulation, which results in venous congestion.
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) occurs when there are two of the Virchow's triad present in a patient. The triad consists of venous...
This triad will cause inflammation of the vein walls, which would eventually lead to thrombus formation. In response to the inflammation, venous thrombi are attached to the vein wall and they contain tail like attachment made of white blood cells, red blood cells, and fibrin. It is possible for the tail to grow or spread in the direction of blood flow as the layers of clot are formed over time. This is critical since some of the blood clots might break off, travel in the blood stream and they end up blocking other veins.
Venous thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot in a vein. While arterial thrombosis is the development of a blood clot in an artery.
Impact of Smoking on The Pathophysiology of CVI and DVT
A smoker is more likely to suffer from DVT since smoking will make the blood cells stickier than they normally should and this results in them attaching to other blood cells resulting in clots. Smoking also alters fibrinolysis and this leads to blood clots not being destroyed normally. This increases the formation of blood clots. Smoking also harms the lining of the blood vessels. When the…
Disorders of the Veins and Arteries Vein and artery disorders such as chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and frequently encountered by advanced practice nurses, making the need to understand the. epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of these conditions important. To this end, this paper reviews the relevant literature to provide a comparison of the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis and a description concerning
Disorders of the Veins and Arteries Pathophysiology of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Deep Venous Thrombosis The pathophysiology of Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is either obstruction or reflux of venous blood flow. It can develop from the protracted valvular incompetence of the superficial veins, deep veins or the perforating veins that connect them. In all these cases the result is venous hypertension of the lower extremities. The bicuspid valve which is located in
2004: 45). Recommendations Many recommend use of minimally invasive techniques including SEPS to treat and address problems related to chronic venous insufficiency (Kalra & Glovisczki, 2002). Multiple studies confirm the safety and efficacy of SEPS when used early, especially resulting from its low complication rates compared with other procedures including the formerly popular Linton procedures (Kalra & Gloiscki, 2002; Lee, et al. 2003; Tenbrook, et al., 2004; Bianchi, et al. 2003). More
Comparison of pathophysiology of CVI and DVT The pathogenesis of CVI is not completely understood; however, it's based on both venous reflux and obstruction; or an amalgamation of the two. Though venous reflux is actually based on a number of mechanisms, the key elements are venous valve ineffectiveness, vessel wall swelling, hemodynamic elements and additionally venous hypertension. These systems could be further exasperated by dysfunctional pumping devices (vascular and/or muscle pump),
Mostly proteins and platelets combine to form blood clotting in order to heal wounds inside the arteries. However, the accumulation of fatty protein and platelet deposits on the artery walls can sometimes cause the arteries to become narrow and hardened. This makes the artery more prone to damage and if it ruptures, the blood clotting occurs and thus, the artery becomes infected by arterial thrombosis. Impact of patient age on