3,772 words

Enlightenment influences on European criminal justice reform in the eighteenth century

This paper traces the history crime and punishment in Europe. It looks at the influences of that time the social and philosophical movements and how they affected the whole evolution of treatment of crime and the thought behind punishment.

~19 min read

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3,303 words

Affirmative action and workplace equality in late twentieth-century society

The last half of the 1900's saw a major change in society where people became more interconnected than ever before. Women entered the workforce and began to take on similar roles to men. This has continued up to the present time where the change is still continuing.

~17 min read

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3,974 words

Historical roots of racial discrimination against African-Americans in America

African-Americans are second only to Native Americans, historically, in terms of poor treatment at the hands of mainstream American society.

~20 min read

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2,514 words

Stephen Dedalus and Felicitas Taylor: adolescent journeys to adulthood

Comparative Study of Stephen Dedalus from James Joyce's "Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man" to Felicitas Taylor from Mary Gordon's "The Company of Women"

~13 min read

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2,577 words

Maya Deren's Meshes of the Afternoon and experimental cinema

Maya Deren, born Eleanora Derenkowsky on April 29, 1917 in Kiev, Ukraine, has been referred to as "the high priestess of experimental cinema." (1) Even though she was a dancer, choreographer, poet, writer and photographer, she is still considered a pioneer not only in experimental filmmaking, but…

~13 min read

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3,117 words

Contradictory results of educational voucher programs in Milwaukee and Cleveland

The Merriman-Webster online dictionary offers three definitions for "voucher": "...a documentary record of a business transaction; a written affidavit or authorization; a form or check indicating a credit against future purchases or expenditures." None of the three even approaches the emotionally…

~16 min read

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2,870 words

American elementary math scores and teacher instructional methods

Low math scores of American elementary students has been a major issue in education for some time. The Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMMS) conducted in 1995 showed the extent of the problem.

~15 min read

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3,352 words

Amy Tan's life and path to becoming a writer

On February 19, 1952, Amy Tan was born in Oakland, California, to John Yuehhan, a minister and electrical engineer, and Daisy Tu Ching, a nurse and member of a Joy Luck Club (Amy Tan web site).

~17 min read

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2,631 words

The Fourth Amendment and threats to privacy from post-9/11 security policies

American Government Politics. Discussed is the fourth amendment and the current policies of searches and seizures. Four sources used. Footnotes.

~14 min read

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3,481 words

Prison libraries in "The Shawshank Redemption" and American history

When most people think about prison libraries today they most likely recall the 1995 movie, "The Shawshank Redemption" which revolved around the library of Maine's state prison from 1947 through the late1960's (Shawshank pg).

~18 min read

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