Maintenance Resource Management
And its Impact on Aviation Safety

Objective
Maintenance related error has been cited as a significant factor in the cause of numerous U.S. aircraft accidents over the years. The research proposed within this project will thoroughly examine the effect that MRM has had on commercial aviation safety since its implementation in 1993. Statistical data from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) will be utilized to show mishap causes and trends within the commercial aviation industry both pre and post MRM implementation. In analyzing the statistical data, patterns and trends will confirm whether MRM has a positive or negative effect on commercial aviation maintenance reliability and safety.

Scope
The scope of the project is based on commercial air carriers and MROs within the U.S. commercial air transportation system parts 121/135 and 147. The bulk of the information for the project will be extracted from the FAA and NTSB data banks and related scholarly articles.
Methodology

A quantitative analysis will be completed by data mining statistical data from the FAA, NTSB and scholarly articles. The hypothesis is that there is a statistically significant difference in the number of recorded aircraft maintenance related mishaps since MRM implementation. Statistical data from multiple sources obtained and analyzed will either accept or reject this hypothesis.



Program Outcome #1.
Students will be able to apply the fundamentals of air transportation as part of a global, multimodal transportation system, including the technological, social, environmental, and political aspects of the system to examine, compare, analyze and recommend conclusion.
The multimodal aspect will be addressed by examining other modes of transport to determine if aviation maintenance issues are industry specific and if other successful programs could relate to the aviation industry.
The technological aspect will be addressed by examining the technological infrastructure that MRM training should employ such as formal training, training aids, mockups, training aids, etc. identifying areas where improvements could be made to enhance MRM.
The social aspect will be addressed by examining the current MRM training curriculums and on-the-job practices and procedures. Different socioeconomic areas may require different training techniques to ensure material comprehension, intended effectiveness and eventual outcome.
The environmental aspect will be addressed by examining MRM with regard to hazardous materials communication. Policies and practices that minimize the risks involved will be discussed.
Political aspects will be addressed by reviewing the regulatory structure that controls aviation maintenance.


Program Outcome #2
The student will be able to identify and apply appropriate statistical analysis, to include techniques in data collection, review, critique, interpretation and inference in the aviation and aerospace industry.
Aircraft maintenance related mishap data will be collected for 10 years pre and post MRM implementation. The compiled data will then be analyzed using a t-test to accept or reject the proposed hypothesis.


Program Outcome #3
The student will be able across all subjects to use the fundamentals of human factors in all aspects of the aviation and aerospace industry, including unsafe acts, attitudes, errors, human behavior, and human limitations as they relate to the aviators adaption to the aviation environment to reach conclusions.
The unsafe acts aspect will be addressed by reviewing some common maintenance practices and their related regulations and comparing that data to the collected data recommendations submitted by AMTs. Unsafe acts become hazards and can occur due to inadequate training or complacency. Gone unnoticed, the hazard becomes latent and if not addressed can cause serious consequences.
The attitudes aspect will be addressed by reviewing data from AMTs with different specialties, experiences, training, and years in aviation maintenance. These devices will address attitudes towards MRM training received, if any.
The errors aspect will be addressed by reviewing regulations and maintenance procedures to find shortcomings that may lead to potential errors in real world applications.
The human behaviors aspect will be addressed by comparing and contrasting the maintenance habits of entry-level, practiced, advanced, and senior technicians.
The human limitations aspect will be addressed by discussing how attitudes of maintenance personnel along with human behavior and their limitations can attribute to a maintenance error and possible aircraft maintenance related incidents.


Program Outcome #4
The student will be able to develop and/or apply current aviation and industry related research methods, including problem identification, hypothesis formulation, and interpretation of findings to present as solutions in the investigation of an aviation/aerospace related topic.
During this study, a qualitative analysis will be conducted to gather relative data of current MRM efforts, priorities, resources and corporate will and to identify shortfalls to be addressed for future improvements. The results of the analysis will either accept or reject the hypothesis that there is a statistically significant difference in the number of recorded aircraft maintenance related mishaps since MRM implementation.


Program Outcome #9
The student will investigate, compare, contrast, analyze and form conclusions to current aviation, aerospace, and industry related topics in safety systems, including systems safety, industrial safety, accident investigation and analysis, transportation security, airport safety and certification, safety program management and aviation psychology.
The systems safety aspect will be addressed by discussing the importance of sound management and efforts to focus safety skills and resources into all phases of the safety system life cycle.
The transportation safety portion of the study will examine actual recorded maintenance related safety incidents, the lessons learned from those incidents and what could have been done to prevent them.
The safety program management aspect will be addressed by investigating and analyzing current successful safety programs and the organizational commitments required for their success.
The aviation psychology aspect will be addressed by investigating and analyzing some of the most common conditions that increase the risk of maintenance related errors. Efforts to combat these conditions will be briefly discussed.

There are faxes for this order.

Conduct an internal and external environmental analysis for your proposed business.

Create a SWOTT table summarizing your findings. Your environmental analysis should take into account, at a minimum, the following factors. For each factor, identify the one primary strength, weakness, opportunity, threat, and trend, and include it in your table.

External forces and trends considerations:

o Legal and regulatory
o Global
o Economic
o Technological
o Innovation
o Social
o Environmental
o Competitive analysis

Internal forces and trends considerations:

o Strategy
o Structures
o Processes and systems
o Resources
o Goals
o Strategic capabilities
o Culture
o Technologies
o Innovations
o Intellectual property
o Leadership

Write a 1,400 word synopsis in which you analyze at least seven of the forces and trends from the list above. Your analysis must include the following:

Include economic as well as legal and regulatory forces and trends.
Critique how well the organization adapts to change.
Analyze the supply chain operations of the organization.
Identify issues and/or opportunities:

o Identify the major issues and/or opportunities that the company faces based on your analysis above.
o Generate a hypothesis surrounding each issue and research questions to use for conducting analysis.
o Identify the circumstances surrounding each issue; classify the circumstances; attribute the importance of each classification; and test the accuracy of the importance for each classification.

Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.

Below is my paper that I sumbitted for my Stategic Plan Part I of the plan: Order # A2055793


Conceptualizing a business
Mission statement
The companys mission is to develop a comprehensive portfolio in the timely delivery of products and services in the VoIP world and data wiring in partnership with customers and other industry leaders in order to provide high quality services of installation and repair of phone systems, automated attendants and voice mail systems, voice, data and fiber optical cable installation and networking service assistance to ensure customer satisfaction to help in the continued growth and prosperity of the company and its employees.
Vision
The vision is to become the preferred company in the provision of VoIP and data wiring
Values or guiding principles
Progressing, Skillful, Open, Knowledgeable, Empowering, Networking, Yielding Results, Accountable
How the vision, mission and values guide the organizations strategic direction
The company mission is important because it provides a lighthouse to the company and it reflects on the company culture so that the company can be able to look back and get back on track should it lose direction. When a company has a mission statement, it can refer to it regularly and it helps in ensuring the company is always meeting its set goals and objectives. The mission statement also helps in the formation of goals and objectives both in the long and short run. Companies which have mission statements have been found to perform up to their own set goals and objectives as compared to those which do not have a written mission statement.
From this mission statement, we can see that it embodies the values of the company which are customer service, quality, and partnership. It also has all the services and products that will be rendered by the company and thus the organization will be able to have a basis for evaluation both internally and externally.
According to Peter Senge (1990), the vision of an organization is a force in peoples hearts, a force of impressive power. Senge continued to expound that this force is as a result of the gap that exists between the vision of the organization and the organizations current situation and this is what provokes the creative tension between the people in the organization and is what drives them to the achievement of the goals and objectives of the organization.
By analyzing Senges thoughts on the organizations vision, it can be found that the vision is a strong and steady identity of the company or organization and although it is something that can never be 100% achieved, it provokes the positive progress in the organization. It strives to drive innovation and improvement in the organization in order to move towards the desired future. As per Collins and Porras (2002), the organizations vision encompasses both the core ideology and the future of the organization that is envisioned. The core ideology is the values and purpose of the organization and the envisioned future is the long term goals and descriptions of the organizations future.
The vision of the organization provides two key advantages. The first is that it provides a way which is effective for the organization to frame their action plan. The second advantage is that it promotes integration of the various functions of the organization.
The company values as envisioned by Collins and Porras (2002) is part of the core ideology of an organization. The core values of the organization are somewhat like the character or personality of the organization. They are the aspects of the organization which the company holds despite any changes in the market conditions or demands. Collins and Porras (2002) state that the values of an organization should stand to the question on whether the organization would still be willing to hold on to these values if they were a disadvantage to the organization itself.
Various researches that have been conducted have exemplarily shown that the companies which have succeeded are the ones which are guided by the company values. The core values of an organization reflect the functional ideologies in the company and they should not be alterable in any situation. Whether it is an economic downturn or increased competition (Huizing, Koster, & Bouman, 1997).
Collins and Porras (2002) state that the values are not just important. They are inherent to the overall company success. They are at the core of the company or organization and they help to guide the organization through their business activities. Since the values are meant to withstand changes in the business industry and market, they give a long term direction to the organization that does not change. In this sense, the values bring stability to the organization. They also guide the behavior of employees since they need to act in the correct way to uphold the company values. Lastly, the values provide a standard approach to the organizations activities. This is especially crucial for a multi-national organization or one which has several branches since the values will be similar for all the different stores or branches.
Evaluation of how the organization addresses customer needs and critique of how the company achieves competitive advantage
The company having evaluated the needs of the customers and market in general in terms of VoIP services and data wiring has come up with these innovative products to help it meet the customer needs. First is through the company being knowledgeable in the market which it is entering. This is achieved through the company and its employees being skilled and innovative in the provision, maintenance and installation of VoIP equipment and the various services embodied in the needs that are identified.
Secondly is through the company positioning itself as the premier provider of VoIP and data services. This is achieved through low pricing of the services. This is achieved through having low costs of production and other costs incurred by the organization or company. This will also help the organization to achieve competitive advantage.
The company aims to achieve competitive advantage through various ways. One is by having low costs thus enabling the company to provide their services and products at a low cost to the customer. The second way of achieving competitive advantage is the differentiation of the companys products and services.

References
Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: successful habits ofvisionary companies. New York: HarperBusiness Essentials.
Huizing, A., Koster, E., & Bouman, W. (1997). Balance in Business Reengineering: An Empirical Study of Fit and Performance. Journal of Management Information Systems, 14(1), 93-118.
Senge, P. M. (1990). The fifth discipline: the art and practice of the learning organization. New York: Doubleday/Currency.

This paper should be written on Blu-ray Technology, and it does not have to be overly technical.

This assignment consists of four separate writing assignments that will be submitted at different times. Each writing assignment requires that you select two of four specific topics to discuss.

WA1) The focus on the first part of this project is to select a particular technology (Blu-ray Technology) in your discipline and write a 4 to 5 page (350 words per page) paper in APA format providing an overview addressing two of the four specific topics below. You should also include as part of this paper any acknowledgements and resources used (e.g., websites, textbooks, articles).

- Technology selected including what it does and how it works
- Benefits and disadvantages of the technology
- Identify the major competitors in the marketplace
- Origins of technology


WA2) The focus on the second part of this project is to write a 4 to 5 page (350 words per page) paper in APA format describing the impact of the technology you selected by addressing two of the four specific topics below. You should also include as part of this paper any acknowledgements and resources used (e.g., websites, textbooks, articles).

- Any current or potential ethical considerations
- Short or long-term medical concerns, if applicable
- Indirect or direct environmental issues
- Positive or negative economic effects


WA3) The focus on the third part of this project is to write a 4 to 5 page (350 words per page) paper in APA format describing various perspectives and opinions on the technology you selected by addressing two of the four specific topics below. You should also include as part of this paper any acknowledgements and resources used (e.g., websites, textbooks, articles).

- Provide alternative perspectives from experts on technology
- Political implications and influences
- Public opinion on technology such as the media, consumers and community
- Your assessment of how effective the initial planning and risk assessment was to the implementation and usage of the technology


WA4) Create the fourth essay, combine and integrate with the other three parts as a cohesive final project. The focus on the fourth part of this project is to write a 4 to 5 page (350 words per page) paper in APA format describing the types of trends that have occurred or are occurring with the technology you selected by addressing two of the four specific topics below. You should also include as part of this paper any acknowledgements and resources used (e.g., websites, textbooks, articles).

- Historical or previous trends
- Future direction and roadmap of technology
- Current PoC (Proof of Concepts) for alternative application of the technology
- Gaps in the current application of the technology, or opportunities to drive towards new markets

Introduction:
Generally, the foundation of effective security management encompasses a variety of strategies to reduce vulnerabilities and to mitigate risks from potential threats. This laboratory assignment requires you to place yourself in the hypothetical situation of being a security manager for a retail shopping mall that has been plagued by vandalism.

Tasks:

How would classify the perimeter security?
Would you prefer contract or proprietary security guard forces? Please state the reasons for your choice.
How would you implement Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) strategies to reduce the risk posed by vandalism?
In addition to the dollar amount caused by property damage due to vandalism, what other forms of harm to businesses can vandalism cause?
Summarize your activities, including any issues or difficulties you encountered while performing the tasks above.

Follow the outline as much as possible (SOCIAL ISSUES PAPER)

African American Female Obesity in the United States

ABSTRACT

I. Overview of Obesity
a. Public health issue
b. Definition
c. Measurement/BMI
d. Population effected
e. United States versus other countries
f. Current Causes

II. Epidemic
a. Rates of Americans
b. Rates of African Americans
c. Rates of African American females
d. Rates of African American children

III. Co-Morbidities caused by Obesity
a. Diabetes
b. Hypertension
c. Hyperlipidemia
d. Heart disease
e. Stroke
f. Arthritis
g. Other diseases

IV. Perceived Barriers
a. Socioeconomic
b. Lack of education
c. Cultural
d. Decrease in exercise
e. Environmental

V. Practitioner Interventions and Management
a. Prevention
b. Early identification
c. Lifestyle/Behavior modification
d. Nutrition education
e. Community resources
f. Medication/Surgery

VI. Conclusion
a. Meaning of epidemic for the future
b. Social issues/response
c. CDC reports
d. Initiatives/future of America (Michelle Obama)
e. Food labeling/fast food/changes in school nutrition
f. Media
I will be submitting the guidelines for the Journal of Cultural Diversity

References

Atwater, D. & Suzuki, S. (2006). Obesity, social responsibility, and economic value.
Graziadio Business Review, 9 (2), 1-2.

Daddario, D. (2007). A review of the use of the health belief model for weight
management. Medsurg Nursing, 16 (6), 363-366.

Davis, S. & Davis, M. (2008). A focus group study of African ??"American obese
children in Mississippi. The Journal of Cultural Diversity, 15 (4), 158-162.



Kumanyika, Shiriki. (2007). Exploring obesity prevention solutions for the most
vulnerable. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Retrieved from
https://www.rwjf.org/childhoodobesity/product.jsp?id=21142.

Rogovik, A., Chanoine, J., & Goldman, R. (2010). Pharmacotherapy and weight loss
supplements for treatment of pediatric obesity. Drugs 2010, 70 (3), 335-346.
Rubin, S. (2010). The CDC and childhood obesity: Thinking outside the box. Holistic
Health. Retrieved from www.drsusanrubin.com.

Smith, M. (2009). Obesity as a social problem in the U.S.: Application of the public
arenas model. Policy Politics Nursing Practice, 10, 134-142.

Ward, S., Gray, A., Paranjape, A. (2008). African Americans perceptions of
physician attempts to address obesity in the primary care setting. The Journal of
General Internal Medicine, 24 (5), 579-584.

Writing Project II: Analysis and Evaluation of an Argument
For this assignment, you will write an argument essay in which you analyze a writer's argument and reach a conclusion regarding its effectiveness.
Project Learning Objectives:
Recognize strategies of written arguments
Analyze audience and purpose
Evaluate use of evidence
Evaluate response to opposing views
Evaluate anticipation of possible reader objections
Argument Analysis/Evaluation Defined: An argument analysis examines the components and elements of an argument (as discussed in the related reading assignments in the text) and reaches a conclusion about the extent to which the argument is effective or ineffective. It is NOT a discussion of whether or not you agree with the argument and the writer's claim.
Your Title: Your essay should have its own title. The title is the first point of contact with the reader. In order for your title to be effective, it should be at least one of the following: original, informative, engaging, or indicative of your attitude towards the subject.
Your Introduction: Remember that your introduction should appeal to your readers' reason, emotions, and/or sense of ethics (in other words, get their interest). It should additionally identify your topic and end with a clear statement of your claim.
Your Claim/Thesis: Will consist of your evaluation of the degree to which the writer's argument is convincing
Your Audience: A university group whose members are unfamiliar with the original essay.
Citations: To cite the location of material that you refer to in the essay, use the paragraph number-either
integrate the reference into your sentence or use a parenthetical citation. For example: (par. 8).
Required Length: Minimum of three full pages. Essays that do not meet the length requirement will not be accepted.
Format (MLA Style):
Spacing: Double spaced throughout
Margins: 1 inch on all sides
Header: At top right 112 inch down, aligned to right margin; shows on every page; consists of your last name, one space, page number, no punctuation. Example: Bradford 1
Heading: Top left, double-spaced, four lines:
Your first and last name
Professors' names
Course name and section number
Date submitted
Title: Centered, primary words capitalized, double space only before and after, no bold or Italics or other change of font
Font: 12-point Times New Roman
Grading Criteria:
Clarity in stating your claim/thesis
Accuracy in identifying the article's claim and the reasons/evidence supporting the claim
Accuracy and thoroughness in discussing the argument's development and organization
Thorough evaluation of the argument's use of eVidence, response to opposing Views, and anticipation of reader objections
Logical organization of content and the development of your argument
Use of attributive verbs(use of authors name and signal verbs to introduce information)
Style (word choice, sentence structure) including the correct usage of commas and semi-colons
Mechanics (grammar, punctuation, spelling, typing)
Ability to follow directions (using correct MLA format, etc.)


Surface Waters and Underground Seas
Rachel Carson

Of all our natural resources water has become the most precious. By far the greater part of the earth's surface is covered by its enveloping seas, yet in the midst of this plenty we are in want. By a strange paradox, most of the earth's abundant water is not usable for agriculture, industry, or human consumption because of its heavy load of sea salts, and so most of the world's population is either experiencing or is threatened with critical shortages. In an age when man has forgotten his origins and is blind even to his most essential needs for survival, water along with other resources has become the victim of his indifference.
The problem of water pollution by pesticides can be understood only in context, as part of the whole to which it belongs-the pollution of the total environment of mankind. The pollution entering our waterways comes from many sources: radioactive wastes from reactors, laboratories, and hospitals; fallout from nuclear explosions; domestic wastes from cities and towns; chemical wastes from factories. To these is added a new kind of fallout-the chemical sprays applied to croplands and gardens, forests and fields. Many of the chemical agents in this alarming melange imitate and augment the harmful effects of radiation, and within the groups of chemicals themselves there are sinister and little-understood interactions, transformations, and summations of effect.
Ever since chemists began to manufacture substances that nature never invented, the problems of water purification have become complex and the danger to users of water has increased. As we have seen, the production of these synthetic chemicals in large volume began in the 1940's. It has now reached such proportions that an appalling deluge of chemical pollution is daily poured into the nation's waterways. When inextricably mixed with domestic and other wastes discharged into the same water, these chemicals sometimes defy detection by the methods in ordinary use by purification plants. Most of them are so stable that they cannot be broken down by ordinary processes. Often they cannot even be identified. In rivers, a really incredible variety of pollutants combine to produce deposits that the sanitary engineers can only despairingly refer to as "gunk." Professor Rolf Eliassen of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology testified before a congressional committee to the impossibility of predicting the composite effect of these chemicals, or of identifying the organic matter resulting from the mixture. "We don't begin to know what that is;' said Professor Eliassen.What is the effect on the people? We don't know.
To an ever-increasing degree, chemicals used for the control of insects, rodents, or unwanted vegetation contribute to these organic pollutants. Some are deliberately applied to bodies of water to destroy plants, insect larvae, or undesired fishes. Some come from forest spraying that may blanket two or three million acres of a single state with spray directed against a single insect pest-spray that falls directly into streams or that drips down through the leafy canopy to the forest floor, there to become part of the slow movement of seeping moisture beginning its long journey to the sea. Probably the bulk of such contaminants are the waterborne residues of the millions of pounds of agricultural chemicals that have been applied to farmlands for insect or rodent control and have been leached out of the ground by rains to become part of the universal seaward movement of water.
Here and there we have dramatic evidence of the presence of these chemicals in our streams and even in public water supplies. For example, a sample of drinking water from an orchard area in Pennsylvania, when tested on fish in a laboratory, contained enough insecticide to kill all of the test fish in only four hours. Water from a stream draining sprayed cotton fields remained lethal to fishes even after it had passed through a purifying plant, and in fifteen streams tributary to the Tennessee River in Alabama the runoff from fields treated with toxaphene, a chlorinated hydrocarbon, killed all the fish inhabiting the streams. Two of these streams were sources of municipal water supply. Yet for a week after the application of the insecticide the water remained poisonous, a fact attested by the daily deaths of goldfish suspended in cages downstream.
For the most part this pollution is unseen and invisible, making its presence known when hundreds or thousands of fish die, but more often never detected at all. The chemist who guards water purity has no routine tests for these organic pollutants and no way to remove them. But whether detected or not, the pesticides are there, and as might be expected with any materials applied to land surfaces on so vast a scale, they have now found their way into many and perhaps all of the major river systems of the country.
If anyone doubts tat our waters have become almost universally contaminated with insecticides he should study a small report issued by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in 1960. The Service had carried our studies to discover whether fish, like warmblooded animals, store insecticides in their tissues. The first samples were taken from forest areas in the West where there had been mass spraying of DDT for the control of the spruce budworm. As might have been expected, all of these fish contained DDT. The really significant findings were made when the investigators turned for comparison to a creek in a remote area about 30 miles from the nearest spraying for budworm control. This creek was upstream from the first and separated from it by a high waterfall. No local spraying was known to have occurred. Yet these fish, too, contained DDT. Had the chemical reached this remote creek by hidden underground streams? Or had it been airborne, drifting down as fallout on the surface of the creek? In still another comparative study, DDT was found in the tissues of fish from a hatchery where the water supply originated in a deep well. Again there was no record of local spraying. The only possible means of contamination seemed to be by means of groundwater.
In the entire water-pollution problem, there is probably nothing more disturbing than the threat of widespread contamination of groundwater. It is not possible to add pesticides to water anywhere without threatening the purity of water everywhere. Seldom if ever does Nature operate in closed and separate compartments, and she has not done so in distributing the earth's water supply. Rain, falling on the land, settles down through pores and cracks in soil and rock, penetrating deeper and deeper until eventually it reaches a zone where all the pores of the rock are filled with water, a dark, subsurface sea, rising under hills, sinking beneath valleys. This groundwater is always on the move, sometimes at a pace so slow that it travels no more than 50 feet a year, sometimes rapidly, by comparison, so that it moves nearly a tenth of a mile in a day. It travels by unseen waterways until here and there it comes to the surface as a spring, or perhaps it is tapped to feed a well. But mostly it contributes to streams and so to rivers. Except for what enters streams directly as rain or surface runoff, all the running water of the earth's surface was at one time groundwater. And so, in a very real and frightening sense, pollution of the groundwater is pollution of water everywhere.
It must have been by such a dark, underground sea that poisonous chemicals traveled from a manufacturing plant in Colorado to a farming district several miles away, there to poison wells, sicken humans and livestock, and damage crops-an extraordinary episode that may easily be only the first of many like it. Its history, in brief, is this. In 1943, the Rocky Mountain Arsenal of the Army Chemical Corps, located near Denver, began to manufacture war materials. Eight years later the facilities of the arsenal were leased to a private oil company for the production of insecticides. Even before the change of operations, however, mysterious reports had begun to come in. Farmers several miles from the plant began to report unexplained sickness among livestock; they complained of extensive crop damage. Foliage turned yellow, plants failed to mature, and many crops were killed outright. There were reports of human illness, thought by some to be related.
The irrigation waters on these farms were derived from shallow wells. When the well waters were examined (in a study in 1959, in which several state and federal agencies participated) they were found to contain an assortment of chemicals. Chlorides, chlorates, salts of phosphonic acid, fluorides, and arsenic had been discharged from the Rocky Mountain Arsenal into holding ponds during the years of its operation. Apparently the groundwater between the arsenal and the farms had become contaminated and it had taken 7 to 8 years for the wastes to travel underground a distance of about 3 miles from the holding ponds to the nearest farm. This seepage had continued to spread and had further contaminated an area of unknown extent. The investigators knew of no way to contain the contamination or halt its advance.
All this was bad enough, but the most mysterious and probably in the long run the most significant feature of the whole episode was the discovery of the weed killer 2,4-D in some of the wells and in the holding ponds of the arsenal. Certainly its presence was enough to account for the damage to crops irrigated with this water. But the mystery lay in the fact that no 2,4-D had been manufactured at the arsenal at any stage of its operations.
After long and careful study, the chemists at the plant concluded that the 2,4-D had been formed spontaneously in the open basins. It had been formed there from other substances discharged from the arsenal; in the presence of air, water, and sunlight, and quite without the intervention of human chemists, the holding ponds had become chemical laboratories for the production of a new chemical-a chemical fatally damaging to much of the plant life it touched.
And so the story of the Colorado farms and their damaged crops assumes a significance that transcends its local importance. What other parallels may there be, not only in Colorado but wherever chemical pollution finds its way into public waters? In lakes and streams everywhere, in the presence of catalyzing air and sunlight, what dangerous substances may be born of parent chemicals labeled "harmless"?
Indeed one of the most alarming aspects of the chemical pollution of water is the fact that here-in river or lake or reservoir, or for that matter in the glass of water served at your dinner table-are mingled chemicals that no responsible chemist would think of combining in his laboratory. The possible interactions between these freely mixed chemicals are deeply disturbing to officials of the United States Public Health Service, who have expressed the fear that the production of harmful substances from comparatively innocuous chemicals may be taking place on quite a wide scale. The reactions may be between two or more chemicals, or between chemicals and the radioactive wastes that are being discharged into our rivers in ever-increasing volume. Under the impact of ionizing radiation some rearrangement of atoms could easily occur, changing the nature of the chemicals in a way that is not only unpredictable but beyond control.
It is, of course, not only the groundwaters that are becoming contaminated, but surface-moving waters as well- streams, rivers, irrigation waters. A disturbing example of the latter seems to be building up on the national wildlife refuges at Tule Lake and Lower Klamath, both in California. These refuges are part of a chain including also the refuge on Upper Klamath Lake just over the border in Oregon. All are linked, perhaps fatefully, by a shared water supply, and all are affected by the fact that they lie like small islands in a great sea of surrounding farmlands-land reclaimed by drainage and stream diversion from an original waterfowl paradise of marshland and open water.
These farmlands around the refuges are now irrigated by water from Upper Klamath Lake. The irrigation waters, recollected from the fields they have served, are then pumped into Tule Lake and from there to Lower Klamath. All of the waters of the wildlife refuges established on these two bodies of water therefore represent the drainage of agricultural lands. It is important to remember this in connection with recent happenings.
In the summer of 1960 the refuge staff picked up hundreds of dead and dying birds at Tule Lake and Lower Klamath. Most of them were fish-eating species-herons, pelicans, grebes, gulls. Upon analysis, they were found to contain insecticide residues identified as toxaphene, DDD, and DDE. Fish from the lakes were also found to contain insecticides; so did samples of plankton. The refuge manager believes that pesticide residues are now building up in the waters of these refuges, being conveyed there by return irrigation flow from heavily sprayed agricultural lands.
Such poisoning of waters set aside for conservation purposes could have consequences felt by every western duck hunter and by everyone to whom the sight and sound of drifting ribbons of waterfowl across an evening sky are precious. These particular refuges occupy critical positions in the conservation of western waterfowl. They lie at a point corresponding to the narrow neck of a funnel, into which all the migratory paths composing what is known as the Pacific Flyway converge. During the fall migration they receive many millions of ducks and geese from nesting grounds extending from the shores of Bering Sea east to Hudson Bayfully three fourths of all the waterfowl that move south into the Pacific Coast states in autumn.
In summer they provide nesting areas for waterfowl, especially for two endangered species, the redhead and the ruddy duck. If the lakes and pools of these refuges become seriously contaminated, the damage to the waterfowl populations of the Far West could be irreparable.
Water must also be thought of in terms of the chains of life it supports-from the small- as-dust green cells of the drifting plant plankton, through the minute water fleas to the fishes that strain plankton from the water and are in turn eaten by other fishes or by birds, mink, raccoons-in an endless cyclic transfer of materials from life to life. We know that the necessary minerals in the water are so passed from link to link of the food chains. Can we suppose that poisons we introduce into water will not also enter into these cycles of nature?
The answer is to be found in the amazing history of Clear Lake, California. Clear Lake lies in mountainous country some 90 miles north of San Francisco and has long been popular with anglers. The name is inappropriate, for actually it is a rather turbid lake because of the soft black ooze that covers its shallow bottom. Unfortunately for the fishermen and the resort dwellers on its shores, its waters have provided an ideal habitat for a small gnat, Chaoborus astictopus. Although closely related to mosquitoes, the gnat is not a bloodsucker and probably does not feed at all as an adult. However, human beings who shared its habitat found it annoying because of its sheer numbers. Efforts were made to control it but they were largely fruitless until, in the late 1940's, the chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides offered new weapons. The chemical chosen for a fresh attack was DDD, a close relative of DDT but apparently offering fewer threats to fish life.
The new control measures undertaken in 1949 were carefully planned and few people would have supposed any harm could result. The lake was surveyed, its volume determined, and the insecticide applied in such great dilution that for every part of chemical there would be 70 million parts of water. Control of the gnats was at first good, but by 1954 the treatment had to be repeated, this time at the rate of 1 part of insecticide in 50 million parts of water. The destruction of the gnats was thought to be virtually complete.
The following winter months brought the first intimation that other life was affected: the western grebes on the lake began to die, and soon more than a hundred of them were reported dead. At Clear Lake the western grebe is a breeding bird and also a winter visitant, attracted by the abundant fish of the lake. It is a bird of spectacular appearance and beguiling habits; building its floating nests in shallow lakes of western United States and Canada. It is called the "swan grebe" with reason, for it glides with scarcely a ripple across the lake surface, the body riding low, white neck and shining black head held high. The newly hatched chick is clothed in soft gray down; in only a few hours it takes to the water and rides on the back of the father or mother, nestled under the parental wing coverts.
Following a third assault on the ever-resilient gnat population, in 1957, more grebes died. As had been true in 1954, no evidence of infectious disease could be discovered on examination of the dead birds. But when someone thought to analyze the fatty tissues of the grebes, they were found to be loaded with DDD in the extraordinary concentration of 1600 parts per million.
The maximum concentration applied to the water was 1/50 part per million. How could the chemical have built up to such prodigious levels in the grebes? These birds, of course, are fish eaters. When the fish of Clear Lake also were analyzed the picture began to take formthe poison being picked up by the smallest organisms, concentrated and passed on to the larger predators. Plankton organisms were found to contain about 5 parts per million of the insecticide (about 25 times the maximum concentration ever reached in the water itself); plant-eating fishes had built up accumulations ranging from 40 to 300 parts per million; carnivorous species had stored the most of all. One, a brown bullhead, had the astounding concentration of 2500 parts per million. It was a house-that -Jack-built sequence, in which the large carnivores had eaten the smaller carnivores, that had eaten the herbivoures, that had eaten the plankton, that had absorbed the poison from the water.
Even more extraordinary discoveries were made later. No trace ofDDD could be found in the water shortly after the last application of the chemical. But the poison had not really left the lake; it had merely gone into the fabric of the life the lake supports. Twenty-three months after the chemical treatment had ceased, the plankton still contained as much as 5.3 parts per million. In that interval of nearly two years, successive crops of plankton had flowered and faded away, but the poison, although no longer present in the water, had somehow passed from generation to generation. And it lived on in the animal life of the lake as well. All fish, birds, and frogs examined a year after the chemical applications had ceased still contained DDD. The amount found in the flesh always exceeded by many times the original concentration in the water. Among these living carriers were fish that had hatched nine months after the last DDD application, grebes, and California gulls that had built up concentrations of more than 2000 parts per million. Meanwhile, the nesting colonies of the grebes dwindled- from more than 1000 pairs before the first insecticide treatment to about 30 pairs in 1960. And even the thirty seem to have nested in vain, for no young grebes have been observed on the lake since the last DDD application.
This whole chain of poisoning, then, seems to rest on a base of minute plants which must have been the original concentrators. But what of the opposite end of the food chain-the human being who, in probable ignorance of all this sequence of events, has rigged his fishing tackle, caught a string of fish from the waters of Clear Lake, and taken them home to fry for his supper? What could a heavy dose of DDD, or perhaps repeated doses, do to him?
Although the California Department of Public Health professed to see no hazard, nevertheless in 1959 it required that the use of DDD in the lake be stopped. In view of the scientific evidence of the vast biological potency of this chemical, the action seems a minimum safety measure. The physiological effect of DDD is probably unique among insecticides, for it destroys part of the adrenal gland-the cells of the outer layer known as the adrenal cortex, which secretes the hormone cortin. This destructive effect, known since 1948, was at first believed to be confined to dogs, because it was not revealed in such experimental animals as monkeys, rats, or rabbits. It seemed suggestive, however, that DDD produced in dogs a condition very similar to that occurring in man in the presence of Addison's disease. Recent medical research has revealed that DDD does strongly suppress the function of the human adrenal cortex. Its cell-destroying capacity is now clinically utilized in the treatment of a rare type of cancer which develops in the adrenal gland.
The Clear Lake situation brings up a question that the public needs to face: Is it wise or desirable to use substances with such strong effect on physiological processes for the control of insects, especially when the control measures involve introducing the chemical directly into a body of water? The fact that the insecticide was applied in very low concentrations is meaningless, as its explosive progress through the natural food chain in the lake demonstrates. Yet Clear Lake is typical of a large and growing number of situations where solution of an obvious and often trivial problem creates a far more serious but conveniently less tangible one. Here the problem was resolved in favor of those annoyed by gnats, and at the expense of an unstated, and probably not even clearly understood, risk to all who took food or water from the lake.
It is an extraordinary fact that the deliberate introduction of poisons into a reservoir is becoming a fairly common practice. The purpose is usually to promote recreational uses, even though the water must then be treated at some expense to make it fit for its intended use as drinking water. When sportsmen of an area want to "improve" fishing in a reservoir, they prevail on authorities to dump quantities of poison into it to kill the undesired fish, which are then replaced with hatchery fish more suited to the sportsmen's taste. The procedure has a strange, Alice-in-Wonderland quality. The reservoir was created as a public water supply, yet the community, probably unconsulted about the sportsmen's project, is forced either to drink water containing poisonous residues or to payout tax money for treatment of the water to remove the poisons-treatments that are by no means foolproof.
As ground and surface waters are contaminated with pesticides and other chemicals, there is danger that not only poisonous but also cancer-producing substances are being introduced into public water supplies. Dr. W. C. Hueper of the National Cancer Institute has warned that "the danger of cancer hazards from the consumption of contaminated drinking water will grow considerably within the foreseeable future:' And indeed a study made in Holland in the early 1950's provides support for the view that polluted waterways may carry a cancer hazard. Cities receiving their drinking water from rivers had a higher death rate from cancer than did those whose water came from sources presumably less susceptible to pollution such as wells. Arsenic, the environmental substance most clearly established as causing cancer in man, is involved in two historic cases in which polluted water supplies caused widespread occurrence of cancer. In one case the arsenic came from the slag heaps of mining operations, in the other from rock with a high natural content of arsenic. These conditions may easily be duplicated as a result of heavy applications of arsenical insecticides. The soil in such areas becomes poisoned. Rains then carry part of the arsenic into streams, rivers, and reservoirs, as well as into the vast subterranean seas of groundwater.
Here again we are reminded that in nature nothing exists alone. To understand more clearly how the pollution of our world is happening, we must now look at another of the earth's basic resources, the soil.

I am requesting a literature review on learning styles and college students. I am looking for gaps in the literature for a possible study on learning styles and technical college students. I need to know what has been done in this area to justify me doing a study. The gaps in the literature may persuade me to go in a different direction.

1. I would like for you to use the EndNote Reference Management Software. Please send me the endnote files.

2. Please use APA fifth edition

3. Look to view if there are gaps in the lit between 2yr and 4yr colleges. Most of the research appears to be on 4yr colleges. Discuss the types of studies that have been done, include strengths and weaknesses of these studies.

4. Include a summary of the literature and the gaps found.

Below is a list preliminary research I?ve begun. Do I get a discount for this? You may of heard this before, but I''m a poor graduate student.


Reference
Bailey, G K. (1988). Examination of the relationship between hemispheric preferences and environmental characteristics of learning style in college students. (Doctoral dissertation, The University of Southern Mississippi) Dissertation Abstracts International, 49(08), A, 2151.

Ballard, F.B. (1980). The effect of leadership styles and learning styles on student achievement in a basic business course at Florida Junior College at Jacksonville. (Doctoral dissertation, Florida State University). Dissertation Abstracts International, 41(03), 955A.

Billera, R. (1999). The effect of multimedia instruction on achievement of college history students (Doctoral dissertation, Florida International University, 2000). Dissertation Abstracts International, 60(07), 2455A.

Bonham, L.A. (1987). Theoretical and practical differences and similarities among selected cognitive and learning styles of adults: An analysis of the literature. (volumes I and II). (Doctoral dissertation, University of Georgia, 1987.) Dissertation Abstracts International, 48(11), 2788 A

Bovell, C. & Ansalone, G.E. (2001). An exploration of adult learning styles: Doesn?t everyone learn similarly? Michigan Community College Journal: Research and Practice.

Braio, A. C. (2000). Learning styles and college teaching: My experiences with education majors. In R. Dunn & S. A. Griggs (Eds.), Practical approaches to using learning styles in higher education (pp. 95-99). Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey.

Brown, R. (1978). The effects of congruency between learning styles and teaching styles of college student achievement, College Student Journal, 12, 44-47.

Bruno, J. (1988). An experimental investigation of the relationship between and among hemispheric processing, learning style preferences, instructional strategies, academic achievement, and attitudes of developmental mathematics students in an urban technical college. (Doctoral dissertation. St. John''s University, New York.) Dissertation Abstract International, 49(08), 2137A.

Carey, J.C., Stanley, D.A. & Biggers, J. (1988). A peak alert time and rapport between residence hall roommates. Journal of College Student Development, 29, 239-243.

Clark-Thayer S. (1987). The relationship of the knowledge of student-perceived learning style preferences, and study habits and attitudes to achievement of college freshman in a small urban university. (Doctoral dissertation, Boston University, 1987.) Dissertation Abstract International, 48(04), 872A.
Cook, L. (1989). Relationships among learning style awareness, academic achievement, and locus of control of community college students. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Florida). Dissertation Abstract International, 51(03), 687A.

Cupke, L.F. (1980). The effects of similarity of instructor preferred teaching style and student preferred learning style on student achievement in selected courses in a Metropolitan Community College. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri-Kansas City).
Dunn, K. (1983). Measuring the productivity styles of adults. In J.W. Keefe. Student learning styles and brain behavior. Reston, Virginia: National Association of Secondary School Principals, 136-142.

Dunn, R. (1998). Teaching adults through their learning-style strengths: A choice approach. In R. Dunn & K. Dunn (Eds.), Practical Approaches to Individualizing Staff Development for Adults (pp. 3-15). Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.

Dunn, R. (2000). Capitalizing on college students? learning styles: Theory, practice, and research. In R. Dunn & S. A. Griggs (Eds.), Practical Approaches to Using Learning Styles in Higher Education (pp. 3-18). Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey.

Dunn, R., Bruno, J., Sklar, R.I., Zenhausern, R., & Beaudry, J. (1990, May/June). Effects of matching and mismatching minority developmental college students'' hemispheric preferences on mathematics scores. Journal of Educational Research, Washington, D. C.: Heldref Publications, 83(5), 283-288.

Dunn, R., Deckinger, E.L., Withers, P., & Katzenstein, H. (1990, Winter). Should college students be taught how to do homework? Illinois School Research and Development Journal, Normal, IL: Illinois Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 26(2), 96-113.

Dunn, R., & Griggs, S. A. (Eds.). (2000). Practical approaches to using learning styles in higher education. Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey

Elson, J., & Pollio, H. R. (1985). A multidimensional approach to the definition of college students'' learning styles. Journal of College Student Personnel, 26(5), 434-443.


Fazarro, D. E. (2001). A Factor analysis of the preferred learning styles of Industrial Technology and Engineering undergraduate students at North Carolina Agriculture and Technical State University and at Iowa State. (Doctoral Dissertation, Iowa State University). Dissertation Abstract International, 62(06), 2056A.

Given, B., Knight, G. D., Patrick, S., & McGuire, N. (in press). Personality types and learning styles of college freshman. Educational Psychology Review.

Griggs, S. A., Price, G. E., & Suh, B. (1998/99). Freshman''s level of satisfaction with roommates, residence, and college in relation to their learning-style preferences. National Forum of Teacher Education Journal, Los Angeles, CA: California State University, 8 (2), 29-37.

Hamlin, T. (2001). Teaching Adults to Teach Themselves through Their Learning- Style Strengths. (Doctoral dissertation, St. John?s University). Dissertation Abstract International, 62(08), 2655A.

Kizilay, P.E. (1991). The relationship of learning style preferences and perceptions of college climate and performance on the National Council Licensure Examination for registered nurses in associate degree nursing programs. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Georgia). Dissertation Abstract International, 52(06), 1985A.

Knapp, B.N. (1991). An investigation of the impact of learning style factors on college students'' retention and achievement. (Doctoral dissertation, St. John''s University). Dissertation Abstract International, 53(09), 3121A.

Lam-Phoon, S. (1986). A comparative study of the learning styles of Southeast Asian and American Caucasian college students on two seventh day adventist campuses. (Doctoral dissertation, Andrews University, Michigan). Dissertation Abstract International, 49(09), 2234A.

Lefkowitz, R. F. (2001). Effects of traditional learning versus learning-style presentation of course content in medical/legal issues in health care on the achievement and attitudes of college students. (Doctoral dissertation, St. John?s University). Dissertation Abstract International, 63(01), 69A.
Lemke, W.R. (1979). A comparison of the effectiveness of a programmed instructional technique and a technique using advance organizers and study questions as ancillary learning activities for brass techniques classes at the college level. (Doctoral dissertation, The University of Iowa). Dissertation Abstract International, 40(12), 6182A.

Lewthwaite, Barbara. (1999). The Productivity Environmental Preference Survey and Building Excellence: A statistical comparison of two adult learning-style diagnostic instruments applied to a College Population.
(Doctoral dissertation, St. John''s University). Dissertation Abstract International, 60(12), 4396A.

Lenehan, M.C., Dunn, R., Ingham, J., Signer, B., & Murray, J.B. (1994/November). Effects of learning-style invention on college students'' achievement, anxiety, anger, and curiosity. Journal of College Student Development, 35, 1-6.

Miller, J., Dunn, R., Beasley, M., Ostrow, S., Geisert, G., & Nelson, B. (2000-2001). Effects of traditional versus learning-style presentations of course content in ultrasound and anatomy on the achievement and attitudes of allied health college students. National Forum of Applied Educational Research Journal, 13(2), 50-62.


Montgomery, L.F. (1993). A comparison of learning styles of traditional high school students and adult students in Missouri area vocational technical schools. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri - Columbia). Dissertation Abstract International, 54(10), 3725.

Napolitano, R.A. (1986). An experimental investigation of the relationships among achievement, attitude scores, and traditionally in marginally, and underprepared college students enrolled in an introductory psychology course when they are matched and mismatched with their learning style preference for the element of structure. (Doctoral dissertation, St. John''s University). Dissertation Abstracts International, 47(02), 435A.

Nelson, B., Dunn, R., Griggs, S., Primavera, L., Fitzpatrick, M., Bacilious, Z.F., & Miller, R. (1993). Effects of learning-style intervention on college students'' retention and achievement. Journal of College Student Development, 34(5), 364-369.

Pierson, H. D. (2000). The writing portfolio as a learning-styles tool in a college English-as-a-second-language course. In R. Dunn & S. A. Griggs (Eds.), Practical Approaches to Using Learning Styles in Higher Education (pp. 174-179). Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey.

Robertson, P.F. (1978). The implications of student learning styles for prescribing reading: Skill development strategies for community college students. (Doctoral dissertation, Florida: Florida Atlantic University). Dissertation Abstracts International, 38, 391A.

Rush, I. (1983). Comparative study of learning styles and related factors between traditional and non-traditional students at the University of Akron. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Akron). Dissertation Abstracts International, 44(02), 351A.

Wittenberg, S.K. (1984). A comparison of diagnosed and preferred learning styles of young adults in need of remediation. (Doctoral dissertation, The University of Toledo, 1984). Dissertation Abstracts International, 45, 3539A.

Willard, M.L. (1985). An investigation of the effects of cooperative learning and cognitive style in teaching word-processing skills to adults. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Southern California). Dissertation Abstracts International, 46(04), 913A.

Van Wynen, E. A. (2001). A key to aging; Learning style patterns of older adults. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 27(9), 6-15.


Suh, B. K. (2000). Learning styles in a suburban college. In R. Dunn & S. A. Griggs (Eds.), Practical Approaches to Using Learning Styles in Higher Education (pp. 80-84). Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey.

Siebenman, J. (1984). An investigation into the relationship between learning style and cognitive style in nontraditional college reading students. (Doctoral dissertation, Arizona State University). Dissertation Abstracts International, 45(06), 1705A.

Schmeck, R.R. (1983). Learning styles of college students. Individual Differences in Cognition, Academic Press, 233-279.

In this paper I will be comparing an contrasting Historical Particularism and Cultural Ecology. Using:

-Julian Steward as a particularist because he tied specific environments to cultural variability. In that sense he showed his Boasion influences.(Franz Boas) But he also rejected culture as an abstract determinat apart from material factors(the environment)

-Marvin Harris''s and Roy Rappaports versions of cultural ecology reflect this particularism/relativism by focusing on a specific case, instead of looking for sweeping generalizations such as energy capture.

In class we used the text: Anthropological Theory, second edition, R. Jon McGee and Richard L. Warms which has selected sections of Franz Boas'' "Methods of Ethnology" Julian Steward''s, "The patrilineal band" Marvin Harris''s "The cultural ecology of India''s sacred Cattle" and Roy Rappaport''s "Ritual Regulation of environmental Relations among a New Guinea people" All of the reading in this text however have been assigned reading, and I need two sources from outside of this text.

To Whom it Concerns:

I am a doctoral student, completing some recommended revisions to a lit

review and am seeking supplemental sources (totaling about 10 pages)

for a section on African American adolescent depression. Specifically,

I am looking at what is known as socially reactive depression (see

below) and need some support materials demonstrating a need for this

sort of research (i.e., white adolescent depression has been studied

extensively while minority populations have received less attention).

Note also, the additional points that I would like to have covered and

the page numbers designated for each.



Finally, the feedback that I have received from my readers is to

critically analyze my sources rather than simply reviewing them. I

trust that you can assist in this regard.



PS: I have a fairly pressing deadline (within 2 days).



Looking forward to hearing from you,

Rick

=======PLAIN TEXT========

LITERATURE REVIEW OUTLINE [10 PAGES TOTAL]



SOSIALLY REACTIVE DEPRESSION IN AFRICAN AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS (FOCUS

HERE IS ON DEMONSTRATING NEED FOR RESEARCH IN THIS AREA, I.E., MUST

POINT OUT EXTENSIVE DEPRESSION RESEARCH WITH WHITE, MIDDLE-CLASS YOUTH)



? [2 Pages] Etiology of depression

o Traditional theories of depression (NOTE: Provide general overview

then point out strengths and weaknesses of following theories in

looking at African American adolescent depression. Idea is the show

gaps in the literature that may be addressed by a ecological/contextual

perspective on depression)

? Psychoanalytic

? Behavioral

? Cognitive-Behavioral

? Biological

? [4 Pages] Socially reactive depression: (NOTE: BEFORE DEFINING AND

REVIEWING SOCIALLY REACTIVE DEPRESSION --AKA DEPRESSIVE VICTIMIZATION,

INCLUDE TRANSITION INFORMATION DISCUSSING THE WEALTH OF RESEARCH

FOCUSSING ON DEPRESSION AMONG WHITE, MIDDLE-CLASS ADULTS. THEN LEAD

INTO RESEARCH LOOKING AT DEPRESSION IN MINORITY GROUPS BEFORE

DISCUSSING DEPRESSIVE VICTIMIZATION)

? [1 Page] Impact of gender on experience of depression

? [1 Page] Adolescent depression

? [2 Pages] History and experience of depression for African American

youth (provide several perspectives)



SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ON SOCIALLY REACTIVE DEPRESSION

Socially Reactive Depression

(***BEFORE DEFINING SRD, ADD PARAGRAPH DISCUSSING THE WEALTH OF

RESEARCH FOCUSSING ON DEPRESSION AMONG WHITE, MIDDLE-CLASS ADULTS***)

(***LEAD INTO RESEARCH LOOKING AT DEPRESSION IN MINORITY GROUPS BEFORE

DISCUSSING DEPRESSIVE VICTIMIZATION)

One type of depression that has received limited empirical review is

depressive victimization, or socially reactive depression. This

phenomenon is sometimes referred to as a form of psychosocial

?wounding? of African Americans, Hispanics, Asians, Native Americans,

women, and other minority groups that arises from many potential

sources: low socioeconomic status (SES), poverty, low self-esteem,

physical and emotional abuse, reduced academic performance, and work

?ceilings?, among others (B. V. Brown, 1993; M. B. Brown, 1998;

Spencer, 1999). Socially reactive depression (***SENTENCE THAT

CONTRASTS SRD WITH OTHER FORMS OF DEPRESSION***) is often characterized

by long-term self-deflation, with its social consequences. The roots of

such depressive reactions are theorized to extend back into childhood

(***citation***). This type of depression is manifested during

adolescence and adulthood as problematic functioning in a variety of

areas of life, such as school, familial relationships, marriage, work,

and military service ? amid a myriad of other areas (Mizell, 1999).

Disturbances might, for instance, include negativity and

self-deception, low academic achievement, an inability to sustain

long-term relationships, or an inability to maintain regular employment

or academic attendance (American Psychiatric Association, 2000; Barlow,

2001).

>>

Capstone Project: Implementing a Strategic Plan

Building on Assignments 1 and 2, continue to develop a strategic plan for the same organization (Note: Refer to the environmental analysis that you completed as part of Assignment 1 and the strategies identified in Assignment 2.)


Write an 7 page paper in which you will answer the following:

1.Select one (1) specific analytical tool that you can use to determine whether or not the adaptive strategy or strategies selected for your organization will be the most effective in helping the organization achieve its goals. Propose the manner in which you would use this analytical tool, and support your proposal with an example of its proposed use.

2.Determine one (1) internal and one (1) external factor that you discovered during the environmental analysis that could be a barrier to the success of your proposed strategy or strategies. Recommend one (1) solution to each of the barriers in question.

3.Determine the specific segment of the market that your organization?s strategy or strategies will target.

4.Recommend whether pre-service, point-of-service, or after-service activities would be the most effective in approach in marketing your strategy or strategies to the organization?s target customers. Support your recommendation with examples of such effectiveness.

5.Propose the most effective manner in which the organization can support its strategic direction within its culture and structure.

6.Determine the most effective manner in which each of the following strategic resources can be instrumental in helping the organization to achieve its strategic goals: finance, human resources, facilities, and IT. Provide a specific example relevant to each resource to support your response.

7.Evaluate how well the strategic plan you have developed aligns with the organization?s mission and vision. Recommend three (3) specific strategies to track the effectiveness of your strategic plan.



Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites to not qualify as academic resources.

Please review the resoruce and as closely as possible paraphrase.

Scenario:

You have been retained by a group of investors who plan to manufacture and market a line of power hand tools, including electric drills, saws, and sanders. The investors would like you to guide their decisions regarding how they should design and organize their supply chain and how they should approach the operations management aspects of the production facility, as well as operations issues related to the success of the entire supply chain that they should consider and attempt to influence in their role as a major and critical component of the supply chain. The investor group will own and operate the production facility and are willing to consider ownership of any other component of the supply chain that you recommend they own and manage.

You are to prepare a business report that addresses the challenges of ensuring all business units in the supply chain have the right amount of the right product in the right place at the right time and at the right cost. The operation of the supply chain should achieve synergistic results that provide sustainable dominant competitive advantage. The business report should focus on the concerns that the investor group has expressed and include, but not be limited to, any additional concerns the investor group has not yet considered.

Task:

Create a business report based on the above scenario in which you do the following:

A. Recommend, with sufficient support, the adoption of one of the following strategies by the power tool company: a Keiretsu network, a virtual company, a vertical integration, or a different supply chain strategy.

B. Discuss metrics that could be used to measure performance of the supply chain.

C. Discuss three of the following issues that could complicate the development of an efficient, integrated supply chain: local optimization, incentives, large lots, and the bullwhip effect.

D. Recommend two tactics or methods which are opportunities for effective management in an integrated supply chain.

E. Explain the actions that should be taken to mitigate one clearly identified possible risk for each of the following areas:
1. Process
2. Control
3. Environmental

Note: Please clearly identify the risk you are addressing with each mitigation plan.

F. Recommend a hierarchical functional organizational structure for the power tool manufacturing company.
1. Discuss what departments might be included in the operations function of the company.

G. Discuss strategic operations management decisions related to at least three of the following concepts that would support the implementation of the companys mission and strategy:
Design of goods and services
Design of process and capacity
Quality
Location
Layout design
Human resources and job design
Supply-chain management
Inventory
Scheduling
Maintenance
1. Discuss whether the company should adopt a consumer-focused mass customization process.

H. Recommend actions to improve cost effectiveness for each of the following:
1. Manufacturing facility
2. Supply chain



Use the following headers.

A. Supply Chain Strategy
B. Metrics
C. Issues
D. Concepts and Methods
E. Three Risks
F. Organizational Structure and Components
1. Functional organizational structure-
2. Organizational Components of the Operations Function-
G. Strategic Operations Management
H. Recommend actions to improve cost effectiveness for each of the following:

There are faxes for this order.

Customer is requesting that (flw
There are faxes for this order.

Customer is requesting that (flwriter2011) completes this order.

PART 1
Research one of the following
option 1) De Beers Diamond Company
option 2) National Football League (NFL)
option 3) British Petroleum
After choosing the topic write 8 page paper

1) Specify the nature, structure, types of products or service of your chosen organization, and two (2) key factors in the organization's external environment that can affect its success. Provide explanation to support the rationale.

2) Examine three (3) salient stakeholders of the chosen organization based on their key roles and relationship with the company.

3) Suggest five (5) ways in which the primary stakeholders can influence the organization's financial performance. Provide support for the response.

4) Specify one (1) controversial corporate social responsibility concern associated with your selected organization.

5) Assuming you are the leader of the most influential stakeholder group, outline a plan to form a stakeholder coalition to force the organization to address your chosen controversial issue. The plan should include the key steps that you would take to identify membersfor your coalition group, the major reasons why you believe that the particular target group can help you to accomplish your goal, and the method you would utilize to foster collaboration among the various groups you target.

6) Assume the role as the leader of the most influential stakeholder group, and indicate three (3) potential challenges that you may face in encouraging stakeholders to form a coalition to help you achieve your goals. Suggest the significant steps that you would take in order to overcome these challenges that you have identified. Justify the response.

7) No wikipedia No .com allowed
either books with page numbers, .edu, .gov, .net at least five quality references(5)

PART TWO
Research one of the following
option 1) AT&T
option 2) Hershey Company
option 3) Coca-Cola
option 4) Chevron
Next use the internet to research the code of ethical conduct of two (2) similar companies in the same industry as the company you have chosen.
After choosing one write eight (8) page paper

1) Specify, in brief, the nature, structure, types of products or service of the business you selected. Examine the information within the company's code of ethical conduct, and choose three (3) key issues from within the document that you belive are critical for success. Provide a rationale for the response.

2) Using the three (3) key issues you selcted as a benchmark, compare and contrast the codesof conduct of two (2) similar companies within the same industry as your chosen company.

3) Examine the extent to which the two (2) similar companies you researched have addressed the key issues you selected. Hypothesize two (2) potential positive outcomesfor each company if each addresses the key issues in question and two (2) potential adverse effects if each company hfails to address these isuues.

4) Propose two (2) techniques that the original company you selected could use in order to ensure that its code of conduct will remain relevant through years of changing economic, political, social, cultural, and technological forces on business and society. Next, evaluate the effectiveness of two (2) methods that the comapny currently adopts in order to manage environment issues.

5) Examine two (2) approaches that the original company you selected has taken in order to embrace technological advancements for innovation and thus improve business offerings. Anticipate three (3) potential technological challenges the company could face, and recommend one (1) strategy that the company could use in order to eliminate or minimize each of these anticipated challenges.

6)Specify at least one (1) lobbying strategy that the original company you selected has used in an effort to influence national or local government decisions in its favor. Summarize the issue in question, and ascertain whether or not the lobbying effort was appropriate. Justify the response.

7) Analyze two (2) global corporate citizenship efforts of the original comapny yopu selected, and asses the extent to which these efforts are effective in accomplishing the company's goals. Examine the manner in which the two (2) global citizenship efforts contribute significantly to the company's sustainable development goals.

8) Use at least five (5) quality references, either.
gov , .edu, .net or books with page numbers
NO WIKIPEDIA NO.COM allowed

PART THREE Five pages (5)
Condense information from PART TWO to create a PowerPoint presentation.

Create a nine (9) slide PowerPoint Presentation in which you:

1) Provide a title slide (as indicated in the format requirements below) followed by a slide with an introduction to you presentation.

2) Summarize your response to each of the criteria in PART TWO - one (1) slide per criteron, for a total of seven (7) slides.

3) Provide a summary slide which addresses key points of your paper.

4) Narrate each slide, and indicate what you would say if you were actually presenting in front of an audience.

APA format NO WIKIPEDIA NO.COM allowed
Format the PowerPOint presentation with headings on each slide and thre to four (3-4) relevant graphics (photographs, graphs, clip art, etc), ensuring that the presentation is visually appealing and readable from 18 feet away.

There is five days the most option only, but all of this can wait till monday the july 14th on monday if needed.

PLEASE MAKE SURE THIS WRITE UP IS ORIGINAL AND CONCISE... THANK YOU

I will be attaching a sample draft paper I wrote, but the instructor says it is inadequate so I need a whole new write up FOR CHAPTER 1

I also will be attaching some guidelines on how to write chapter 1 and what is needed in all sections....

This is Chapter 1 of my Dissertation. "I am researching Chief Nursing Officers"

My topic or problem is>>> "Chief Nursing Officers across the United States are seeking early departure from their current positions as Nurse Executives"

The method and design I will be using is the Qualitative Method with a Case Study Design...

You can take a look at my proposed sample size, population, unit of analysis and possible data collection....if you need to change, that would be fine that BEST suits the write-up....

Here are the sections that are needed:

CHAPTER 1:

INTRODUCTION- 1/2 - 1 PAGE
The chapter begins with an introductory section, which averages ? - ? page and introduces the reader to the dissertation topic and reflects a brief overview of what is contained in the chapter. Be sure to establish the topic and context.
The purpose of this chapter is to frame the entire study and capture the attention of the reader. It is important to put the research study into perspective/context and establish, through a succinct problem statement, the need for the research. It is particularly important because if all of its components fit together, the rest of the dissertation will flow smoothly.

BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM: 2-3 PAGES

Approximately 2 1/2 pages. Many dissertations begin this chapter by setting the context for the problem through a historical context or a background. The purpose of the background section is to provide information on how the problem evolved, what has been researched in previous studies, and what dimension of the problem (conceptual/theoretical framework) will be focused on the research. The most salient references that support the problem should be found in this chapter....Discussion reflects why the research problem is of important social concern or theoretical interest.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: 1-2 PAGES

Once the overview of the problem has been documented, a cogent problem statement follows. The problem statement should be concise (between 100 and 250 words) and contain sufficient information to convince the reader that the study is needed, feasible, appropriate, and worthwhile. It clearly delineates the specific problem to be investigated. It mirrors the purpose statement. The reader is able to discern the seriousness of the problem and understand the need for the study and its further elucidation. Clearly describe and document the issue the study will/did address. Set the context of the question, problem or issue. Ensure the study problem, purpose, research questions, and design are aligned.
Be sure that this section parallels the purpose statement and the study questions.
There are 4 required parts:
1. General problem/observation identifying the need for the study.
2. Specific problem proposed for research; problem statement is clear, concise, and reflective of the purpose statement.
3. Introductory words describing method and research design are given and are appropriate to the problem.
4. General population group of proposed study is identified.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY:

Approximately 1 of a page. The purpose statement details the reason why the study is being conducted. The purpose statement is distilled to one or two declarative sentences from which the entire study will emanate. Purpose statements can be supplemented with additional information for clarification, but a single, succinct sentence that captures the essence of the study should identify the (a) research method, (b) research variables, (c) the audience to which the problem is significant, and (e) the setting.

A sample purpose statement that illustrates the above elements follows: ?The purpose of this (a) qualitative, phenomenological research study is to explore the (b) personal value patterns/profiles of (c) first-level supervisors at a (d) manufacturing facility in the Pacific Northwest.?
7 parts:
1. Research method is identified as qualitative.
2. Research method is appropriate to the proposed study.
3. Research design is clearly stated.
4. Research design is appropriate to the research method.
5. Research variables are briefly identified.
6. Specific population group of proposed study is identified.
7. Geographic location of study is identified.

Ensure the methodological approach for addressing the question, problem, or issue of the study appears appropriate to respond to the problem. Ensure the study problem, purpose, research questions, and design are aligned.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROBLEM:

Approximately 1 page. This section defines the study?s original contribution to the academic field, to society, to a profession, to the community, and/or to a particular population. The significance section establishes a global reason for doing a worthwhile study. This section explains why the study is unique and who will benefit from its completion. The significance should be appropriate to the field of study. Discuss two areas of significance: (1) Significance to the field of study (i.e. study contribution) and (2) significance to leadership.
Explain how the study will contribute to knowledge.

NATURE OF THE STUDY:

Approximately 1-3 pages. The nature of the study section is also called a synopsis of the research design. This section is a forum for distinguishing the design used to investigate a problem from other research designs that have been utilized in previous studies, or could have been utilized in this study. This section puts the study in context with similar types (e.g., phenomenological, Delphi, case study, etc.). The appropriateness of the design is justified by how it accomplishes the goals of the study.

RESEARCH QUESTIONS:

Approximately 1-3 pages. There is no set number of research questions, though typical dissertations may have 3 ?5. Often qualitative studies have a central question that is broad and qualified the central phenomenon or concept. The central question is often followed by no more than 5 to 7 subquestions.
Qualitative research questions tend to be open and probative in nature and state the intent of the study. Research questions need to be manageable and contain appropriate restriction, qualification, and delineation. The formulation of research questions guides the selection of the research method and design.
Many qualitative research questions ask ?how? or ?why? events occur. Qualitative research questions are often exploratory in nature, and are designed to generate hypotheses to be tested later in quantitative studies.
Proposed research questions must be included in discussion format.
Ensure the study problem, purpose, research questions, and design are aligned.

THEORECTICAL FRAMEWORK:

Approximately 2 - 4 pages. Define the broad theoretical area under which the research falls (e.g., leadership, management, conflict management, entrepreneurship, gender and diversity in organizations, human resources, international management, management education and development, management history, management, spirituality and religion, managerial and organizational cognition, operations management, organization and management theory, social issues in management, technology and innovation management). Nearly every discipline has a number of competing concepts and theories. These concepts and theories shape research studies. A theoretical framework helps to place a study in perspective among other studies. A theoretical framework is used to support studies looking for relationships among variables and to set limits or boundaries to the study.
New ideas can be generated from the theoretical framework. Previous research studies using the same theoretical framework suggest the need for further study in specific areas. Theories also attempt to bring together ideas, facts, observations, and other theories into systems of thought or meaning (Salkind, 1985). The extent to which observations can be accounted for by a theory is the extent to which a theory is credible.
You may include a separate heading for each of the variables in your study.
The theoretical framework includes 4 parts:
1. Discussion reflects overview of the broad theoretical area under which the research falls.
2. Discussion reflects overview of how proposed research fits within other research in the field.
3. Discussion specifically includes important issues, perspectives, and controversies in the field.
4. Discussion reflects knowledge and familiarity with the historical, germinal, and current literature in the field.

DEFINITION OF TERMS: 1 PAGE

Words that are defined in an unusual way within the study or have more than one definition need to be defined. The researcher should define all terms unique to his or her study, region, profession, or other qualifier. Put terms in alphabetical order with each term as a separate paragraph. It is useful to have a brief introductory paragraph to the section.
Give the operational definitions of the terms. The explanation should clarify the uniqueness of the term. Be sure to support your definitions with citations.

ASSUMPTIONS: 2 PAGES

Approximately 2 pages. Assumptions are the elements of a study that are often taken for granted. For example, "For purposes of this study, it is assumed that subjects will respond honestly to the questionnaire." In some cases, your assumptions may also be limitations ? if you assume the subjects will respond honestly, your study is limited by the truthfulness of your subjects. Learners may propose that a study will be the most useful for a unique population, assuming that this population is similar to others in which previous studies have been conducted. In the rationale for each assumption, incorporate multiple perspectives when appropriate.

SCOPE OF LIMITATIONS: 1 PAGE

This section briefly explains the limitations of the study ? those aspects the researcher cannot control. If the study has limitations based on the reliability and validity of the instruments, be sure to discuss them in chapter 3).
Describe the scope of the study ? discuss the variables and the population. Do not create a list. Keep your section in discussion format with depth and breadth.
Example: This study is limited by the honesty of the subjects? responses during the interviews and the amount of time available to conduct the study. Validity of this study is limited to the reliability of the instruments used.

DELIMITATIONS: 1 PAGE

This section explains what the researcher can control (or limit).

Example: This study is delimited to surveying (describe sample selection). The study is further delimited to (name key variables). Only (explain how you will eliminate/include potential subjects) will be included in the study.

SUMMARY: 1 PAGE

Chapter 1 concludes with a brief summary and an introduction to chapter 2. Summarize the key points presented in chapter 1 and be sure to include citations!
The ending paragraph should be a transition to the next chapter.

Below you will find the complete instructions concerning this paper. The movie being referred to is on YouTube. It is the first 6 parts of Guns, Germs and Steel. Please note that the style required is the AAA (Anthropological) style. The web site for this style is included below. Please use the book "Guns, Germs and Steel" as one reference.
I tried to copy and paste the YouTube clips but was unable to.

SPRING 2010
ANTH 102 ??"WRITING ASSIGNMENT
Due on: Due on: Monday, May 3rd at 6:00 pm.
Topic:Guns, Germs and Steel

The book has sold millions of copies because it grabs people; it addresses the biggest question of history; why history unfolded differently on the different continents over the last 13 thousand years. Jared Diamond found is that the answer doesn't have anything to do with people and it has everything to do with people's environments, especially in the first place because of the differences in the availability of wild plants and animals suitable for domestication, lots of them in a few areas like the fertile crescent in China and virtually none of them in other areas like the western United States or sub equatorial Africa. Another difference had to do with the shapes and orientations of the continents ??" those are perhaps the two biggest factors contributing to the explanation.

STEP 1: Please watch the movie Guns, Germs and Steel, (Part 1 through 6) about this book and complete the following task
Write a research paper stating: why do you think social inequality exists and what does this say about our modern world? Jared Diamonds theory about inequality should be the argument in your thesis statement. You should either be agreeing or disagreeing with his theory and mention this in the first paragraph of your paper (i.e., I agree with the Jared Diamonds theory about social inequality or I do not agree with the Jared Diamonds theory about social inequality.) And use evidence from the movie to support your argument about whether you agree or disagree. (Do not summarize the movie!)
Please research and find out at least two different cultures (societies) ??" other than mention in the movie ??" and investigate the social inequality in these cultures and support your thesis with evidence.
The great argument against Guns, Germs and Steel is that its purely deterministic; it says exactly what's going to happen to every country in the world.
What do you think about this? State whether you agree or disagree with this statement and explain your answer.
STEP 2:
Thesis Statement:
As many of you may have noticed from lecture, anthropology is an argumentative kind of field. Therefore, the key aspect of your term paper will be that it argues a position.
The most important part of your paper is the thesis statement, placed at the end of the first, or introductory, paragraph. It states your argument or position. You will spend the rest of your paper arguing this thesis and supporting it with evidence and research. The most common mistakes with a thesis statement are:
1) To make it too broad, so that it requires a book (or several books) to argue correctly.
2) To write a thesis statement that is not an argument, but a statement of fact. The Egyptians built the largest known pyramids in history is not a thesis statement.
3) To ignore the thesis statement in the rest of the paper and not argue your point at all.
4) To choose a thesis statement that cannot be supported, due to either the fact that your statement is wrong, or a lack of accessible sources.
The thesis statement is best written, in fact, after you have done most of your research, because then you will have a good idea whether your thesis is true, supportable, and relevant.
The Body of the Paper:
The rest of the paper, once you have introduced the topic and made your thesis statement, is concerned with supporting this statement in such a way that Im convinced youre right. In order to convince me (or any other reader) you need to give a synopsis of what is generally accepted in the field, the beliefs of people who disagree with you, and any evidence supporting and not supporting your point of view. Any evidence that does not support you should be explained. If, in the course of your essay, you ignore a crucial piece of evidence that does not support you, I will be unconvinced by your thesis and will probably believe that your research was insufficient. If, however, you mention the opposing evidence and say why you dont think it is crucial, I may not be convinced by your argument, but will definitely know that your research was adequate.
Conclusion:
Your concluding paragraph or section should reprise your thesis and the primary evidence supporting it. You should also say briefly why this topic or thesis is important to anthropology.
Sources:
You need at least four or more sources of which at least half (2) should be paper sources, that is to say from a paper journal or book. (Text books can not be used as a book source). A paper source is defined by where it was originally published??"something published in a peer-reviewed journal and then reprinted online or indexed in an online database such as JSTOR still counts as a paper source. Internet sources or web pages are acceptable, as long as they are cited so that I can check them. Keep in mind that many web pages are unreliable (badly written, years out of date, or just plain wrong). As a rule of thumb, web pages supported by universities, professional anthropologists, and anthropological foundations are reliable, and those done by private people or groups with an axe to grind are not. Yes, some private people do put up a really good anthropological web page, but this is just a rule of thumb. Wikipedia can provide good background, but is not always reliable, and never counts as a source at all, as everything in it is by definition common knowledge. With any general source, if you find an interesting fact attributed to another source, you should chase the source until you find the earliest version possible.
Citations and References: (VERY IMPORTANT!!!!) (*****Research papers that do not have citing and references will not be accepted****)

All citations should be done in the following format which adapted from the American Anthropological Association. This is a brief guide to citing commonly used sources in anthropology papers:
(http://www.aaanet.org/publications/style_guide.pdf)

Let me clarify a couple of things here:

What a citation is and what references mean. I provided a website above; in case some students didnt know the differences between them.

Citation (In text): Whenever you quote, paraphrase, summarize, or otherwise refer to the work of another, you are required to cite its source. Loosely, a citation is a reference to a published source. A prime purpose of a citation is intellectual honesty; to attribute to other authors the ideas they have previously expressed, rather than give the appearance to the work's readers that the work's authors are the original wellsprings of those ideas.

For example: In his book Guns, Germs and Steel, Jared Diamond determines that the success or failure of a society had less to do with the people themselves rather the seminal factor being the geographic location of the societys habitation (Diamond, J.1997).

References (at the end of your paper):
On the other hand in academic literature, a reference is a previously published written work within academic publishing that has been used as a source for theory or claims referred to that are used in the text. References contain complete bibliographic information so the interested reader can find them in a library.

For example: Diamond, Jared. 1999. Guns, Germs, and Steel
W.W Norton& Company Inc. New York
Writing Style:
This is a professional paper, and as such you want to sound professional. Third person is preferable. You need to limit your quotations and quotations are mostly inappropriate for these papers. nstead, use your own words. In order to increase the length of paper by adding random useless facts like long quotations will just get you graded off. )

Although you will be using your own words, you will still need to cite your sources because using your own words does not mean that you thought about the concept(s). If you didnt think it up on your own, it should be cited! If in doubt, cite your source, with a page number if possible.

Length:
This paper should be 5-6 text pages in length. Title pages and references also do not count to total length. Also, text should be double-spaced, font should be standard 12 point and margins should be 1 inch in all directions. In general, if your paper is running too short or too long, it is often due to problems in picking a thesis??"if it is running long, you need a narrower thesis. If its running short, you need a broader one. Adding random useless facts like long quotations to add to the length will just get you graded off for not sticking to your thesis and using poor style.

*********************Research papers that do not meet format requirements will not be accepted*****************************************

*********************Research papers that do not have citing and references will not be accepted*****************************************

************** Wikipedia is not accepted as a source, if you use Wikipedia as a source, I will disregard the whole information**********************


There is a zero tolerance policy towards plagiarism in this course. To be on the safe side, make sure you ALWAYS quote original material from another source. You ALWAYS cite your site (by letting me know where you found the material), even if you re-word the material, you will still need to cite the source. You should always be properly cited within the body of your text and with appropriate references at the end.

Urbanization has brought with it many new issues that city planners must tackle to sustain quality of life for residents and to reduce the impact of a large concentration of people on the local environment. Transportation, communication systems, waste disposal, water management, and energy resources are just some of the concerns a city planner needs to address in order to keep the urban environment sustainable and livable. In this Discussion, you will consider some of these issues and examine the similarities and differences of urban growth between developed nations and less-developed nations.

To prepare for this Discussion:

Review pp. 267??"274 in Environmental Science, and the Department of City Planning sites for New York http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/home.html and Los Angeles http://cityplanning.lacity.org/,
Imagine you are an urban planner. Choose three urban-growth issues to research and resolve in regard to sustaining an urban environment.
Consider the differences you might face when addressing these three issues in a developed nation compared to addressing them in a less-developed nation.
Reflect on which of these three issues is most important, and rank them first, second, and third in a city in a developed nation. How might your ranking choices change for a city in a less-developed nation?
With these thoughts in mind:

Compose a 2 page, double spaced paper consisting of the three issues you identified as associated with urban growth, and the priority you assigned each one. Explain the reasons for your prioritization and how you would resolve these issues in a developed nation and in a less-developed nation.

Be sure to support your ideas by connecting them to this week's Learning Resources or to something you have read, heard, seen, or experienced. Be sure to use at least 2 scientific APA-formatted references for full credit.

There are faxes for this order.

Check the PDF file.

Read the case study on the reverse side of this page and then,write an essay paper in which you answer the 6 questions below.

Technical details of the paper:
1. It should be done on a word-processor, 1 ?" 3 pages in length, double-spaced with 1 margins.
2. There should be no misspellings or grammatical errors. (Have someone else read it if you are not sure. Use spell-checking.)
3. The case study should be correctly cited in your paper.

Questions:
1. Is Liz guilty of deception in regards to either her supervisor or the Committee for Environmental Quality? Did Liz have an obligation to disclose to CDC her relationship to the environmental committee?
2. Describe the conflict of interest Liz faces.
3. Should she now join with her fellow committee members in mobilizing against CDCs intentions?
4. Is Jim Bartlett ethical in attempting to use Liz to further the companys cause?
5. Did David Jenson, Lizs supervisor, act ethically? Why or why not?
6. Suggest another response Liz could have made to her supervisor and discuss the possible ramifications of this alternate response.

There are faxes for this order.

********Requested Writer: bolavens********
********Requested Writer: bolavens********
********Requested Writer: bolavens********
********Requested Writer: bolavens********

Subject: International Marketing
Words: 3500
References: Use some quality Peer-Review articles, and other resources.

Please write in the format as listed down the bottom (list 1 to 8 such as executive summary, intro, description, external environmental...etc) see below

Background:

You are the newly appointed International Marketing Manager for a small to medium-sized manufacturing company that has been successful in its local market. The company enjoys a significant market presence in its current local market, is well structured and positioned, and is expected to maintain its market status in the local market for the foreseeable future.

You are required to investigate the possibility of expanding into an overseas consumer OR business-to-business market with a view to long-term growth, and where the company has currently NO market presence. In this report you will investigate and analyse opportunities that exist in a SINGLE overseas market for a SINGLE brand where either the country-of-origin OR the destination country must be Australia.

Please do not select well known brands from global organisations. For example, Heinz, ConAgra, Masterfoods. You must select a brand that is NOT distributed in the destination country. Brands available in specialist grocery stores with very limited distribution (e.g., Asian grocers) are acceptable on the condition that the manufacturer is not the exporter of the brand. In other words, they use distributors to bring the brand into the country.

Brand and Country Choice:
Please choose a brand manufactured by a small to medium-sized locally based organisation. Please refer to the assessment: major project folder for examples of products and brands within the ready meal category. Snack foods and fast-food restaurants are not considered ready meals.

It is strongly recommended that you consult the GMID database (Global Market Information Database) prior to selecting a brand and country (packaged food category under industries access is available through the Deakin University Library). This database provides product, product category, consumer behaviour and industry-specific information. The Factiva database may also contain some industry and company reports.

-------------------------------------------------------

Proposed Format of Report
Please note, the word limit for each section is an estimate only.
1. Executive Summary (Approximately 500 words) (Not included in the word count)
An executive summary is a brief account of all the major points (findings, conclusions and recommendations) related to your investigation. Your executive summary is best prepared after your report is completed.

2. Introduction (Approximately 100 words)
Outline the key areas/issues you intend to discuss in the report

3. Description of the Brand (Approximately 100 words)
Briefly describe your chosen brand.

4. External Environmental Analysis (Approximately 700 words)
Justify your choice of country i.e., provide the rationale. The external environment analysis relates to the destination country. Your rationale is likely to include external environmental factors including:

Economic/Financial
Political/Legal
Cultural/Social
Geography/Infrastructure/Climate (e.g., terrain)
Technology
Lifestyle (e.g., obesity, eating habits)

You do not have to address all the key factors. Only address issues which you believe are relevant to introducing the brand into the new market!!!!

5. Competitor Analysis (Approximately 600 words)
Briefly identify the competitive environment for your brand. Competitive factors include:

The nature and size of the market
o Market share statistics
o Description of the major competitors (local and international at least three)
o Structure of the industry e.g., concentration of local and international companies in the product category
o Growth potential
o Any other distinguishing characteristics of the competitive environment


6. Market Segmentation and Target Marketing (Approximately 300 words)
You must choose only ONE target market to enter. The target market can be either consumer or business-to-business. Identify how you intend to segment the market and the rationale for choosing those segmentation variables (e.g., demographic, geographic, psychographic). Please note, it is not necessary to use every segmentation variable. The rationale will assist in determining the attractiveness (potential market size) of your chosen target market.

7. Market Entry and Expansion Strategies (short and long term) (Approximately 700 words)
Recommend marketing entry strategies for the expansion of your brand into the chosen international market in the short and long term and justify your choice of strategy. You need to identify at least one strategy to initially enter the market and another strategy for future expansion (e.g., within the same country or region). Possible market entry strategies include:

Exporting
Licensing
Franchising
Joint ventures
Strategic alliances
Acquisition
Greenfield operation

When choosing your market entry strategies, please keep in mind the type of brand, your target market and the external environment of the chosen country. For example, some countries have strict policies regarding joint ventures, acquisitions and greenfield operations.

Please do not confuse market entry with distribution!!!!

8. International Marketing Mix (Approximately 900 words)
The following factors should be discussed and your marketing strategy recommendations should be supported by relevant secondary sources of evidence. Attempt to analyse whether you can standardise the product levels or are you required to adapt to local needs and wants.

1. How would you position the brand in this market?

2. For your target market, what is the country-of-origin attitude likely to be for your brand?

3. Do you need to modify the product/brand in any way for this target market (e.g., labelling, size of chocolate bars etc.)?

4. How would you promote this brand (public relations may also be included) to your target market? Please take into consideration both strategy and tactics.

5. What are your pricing objectives and strategies?

6. How would you distribute this brand to your target market?

9. Conclusion (Approximately 100 words)
Outline your major findings and recommendations.

Reference list (Not included in the word count)
References cited in the report only should be included. Marks are awarded based on depth and scope of research.

Appendices (Not included in the word count)

Appendices should include supporting evidence only. Tables and graphs which are important to the discussion should be placed in the body of the report.

If you use appendices please ensure they are numbered and referred to within the report.

Abstract - 1/2 page
Brief overview of topic and why it is an important and
challenging issue
Introduction - 3 pages
Background info and details concerning topic
Literature review - approx 20 pages
Detailed review of literature
Include a variety of viewpoints and perspectives
Analysis - 3 pages
Evaluate how much is currently known about topic
Discuss quality of literature / present and explain
findings
Evaluate the need and significance of new research
Conclusion - 2 pages
Provide insight and and recommendations concerning the
topic based on lit review and analysis

Use parenthetical citing for all references

I am providing the instructions that were given to us for the capstone project:

EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE PROTOCOL (EBPP)

Purpose: The purpose of this project is to provide the student with the opportunity to apply and integrate knowledge from previous coursework in the development and implementation of an evidence based practice protocol (guidelines) in the student's clinical specialty area.

Evidence Based Practice Protocol Criteria:

1. Identify and describe a clinical practice problem. (5 pts.)

2. Review and analyze the current research and clinical literature pertinent to the key issues of the clinical practice problem, including any published standards. Integration of this content should also be evident throughout the paper. (15 pts.)

3. Identify the need for development of an Evidence Based Practice Protocol or implementation of an existing EBPP to address the clinical practice problem identified in your setting. (5 pts.)

4. Provide a theoretical base for the proposed EBPP: physiological/psychological/pathophysiological, behavioral, developmental theories, etc. (5 pts.)

5. Describe/Develop the EBPP, and describe the process for its implementation in your practice setting (attach EBPP document as appendix). (30 pts.)

6. Identify ways in which the effectiveness of the EBPP will be evaluated and documented; identify outcomes. (10 pts.)

7. Describe the cost implications of the new EBPP. How will the implementation of this EBPP be financed? (5 pts.)

8. Summarize the significance of this case to the APN role, e.g., identify relevant specialty competencies. (10 pts.)

9. Use proper grammar (syntax and structure), current APA format, correct spelling, logical progression of ideas. (10 pts.)

10. Submit letter of inquiry to relevant journal to determine possibility for publication of project paper
(5 pts.)

I need to structure the evidence based practice protocol. I want to use a structure such as the WAST (womens assessment screening tool and/or HITS). I will translate it to Spanish since I need it in both languages. My plan is to use my EBPP in an emergency department. I will email you an article that compared the 2 screening tools (WATS & HITS) in Hispanic women.
This is what I have so far, so you can get an idea:

Running head: EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE

Alexandra Burkowsky
Evidence Based Practice Protocol: Domestic Violence and Hispanic Women
Rush University

Clinical Practice Problem
According to A Report of the Surgeon General (1999), domestic violence is considered one of the leading causes of serious injury to women ages fifteen to forty-four, accounting for about thirty percent of all acute injuries to women seen in emergency departments. Many victims of domestic violence do not report the crimes to authorities or healthcare professionals. The severe underreporting of violence against women leads to the belief that the problem is less widespread than it is; and this false sense can hinder healthcare providers from becoming more diligent at assessing women for domestic violence.
The rates of domestic violence detection in clinical settings are still low despite the fact that a high percentage of female victims of domestic violence visit emergency rooms for treatment. Garcia (2004) states that health professionals very seldom check for signs of violence or ask women about experiences of abuse. Although there is still certain argument about the value of domestic violence screening in general practice and primary care, there is an increasing recognition of the importance of domestic violence screening as an effective method of identifying and responding to domestic violence cases presenting to emergency departments. As research has shown, the use of emergency room protocols for identifying and treating victims of domestic violence has been found to increase the identification of victims by medical practitioners from 5.6 percent to 30 percent (Garcia, 2004, p. 536).
Domestic Violence and Hispanic Women
The prevalence of domestic violence among Hispanic women in the United States is increasing every year which poses a high threat for the development of mental illness among this population. According to Rodriguez, Heilemann, Fielder, Ang, Nevarez, & Mangione (2008), Hispanic women who experience physical violence are at increased risk for mental and physical problems including depression, anxiety and substance abuse. It is crucial to understand the cultural beliefs and practices of Hispanic women in order to increase reports of domestic violence. This knowledge and awareness will facilitate healthcare providers to specifically assess Hispanic women who present with signs and symptoms of physical abuse.
Many Hispanic women still believe that their role in the family and community is inferior in comparison to males. Some of these women are brought up in homes with male role models who are very controlling and manipulative. Some of these women also suffer sexual abuse as a child. It is common for Hispanic women to think that domestic violence acceptable since many are raised in abusive homes. Young females who get involved in abusive relationships during early adulthood often come from a family with history of intimate partner violence (Pailler, Kassam-Adams, Datner, & Fein, 2007).
The family is of utmost importance for Latin women; and therefore neglecting their own health needs is not unusual. According to Maternidad Latina (2008), pressure to keep the family together may come from family or church members, even if it means suffering more abuse. Religious and societal beliefs may make a woman feel guilty if she leaves her abusive partner or acts against his will. Hispanic women, particularly immigrants, may not be familiar with U.S. laws that protect women and children against violence; and these laws may differ considerably from those in other countries. They may also fear involving the law because of their immigration status. Another factor which restrains Hispanic women from seeking help is the language barrier and lack of financial means.
One of the most important elements for developing an evidenced based protocol for Hispanic women suffering from domestic violence and mental illness involves providing cultural sensitive interventions. According to National Alliance of Mental Illness, the first component is the education of Hispanic women about domestic violence and its negative effects on mental and physical health; available community resources for victims of domestic violence, treatment options and current research.
Domestic Violence and Mental Health Disorders
One of the major risk factors for the development of mental illness in women is physical violence. In 2006, the percentages of females with mental health disorders were higher than in males. Furthermore, Hispanics have the highest percentage for mental illness, which was 86.9 percent in 2006 according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service. The percentage of women treated for psychiatric disorders has increased each year. A large amount of quantitative data on this population is found in the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (SAMHSA) reports. SAMHSA reports include demographic data such as gender, age distribution, race/ethnic distribution, employment status, and living situation (Table 1, 3 & 4).
Many studies have proven that physical violence is often the number one risk factor for mental illness among women especially anxiety disorders such as post traumatic stress disorder. According to Baca-Garcia, Perez-Rodriguez, Mann & Oquendo (2008), women who experience higher rates of domestic violence or sexual abuse are linked to increased risk for mental health disorders, suicidal ideation and attempts. Pailler et al. (2007) state that individuals who suffer repeated physical violence report more symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. Therefore, it is also important to identify the risk factors which increase the probability of women becoming victims of recurring violent acts.
Research studies indicate that mental health disrders are more prevalent in females than in males. A large volume of this evidence suggests that the reason relates to the higher rate of sexual and physical abuse in females. According to Dixon, Howie, & Starling (2005), abuse is an overwhelming risk factor for depression and posttraumatic stress disorder in females. Seventy percent of the females in this study who suffer from posttraumatic stress are victims of domestic violence and sexual assault. Many adolescent females also have dual diagnosis of depression, panic disorder, and/or substance abuse due to the physical abuse. There are several interventions that will impact and improve the health and quality of life of this population: prompt and accurate assessment of physical abuse through a domestic violence assessment tool; and proper use of mental health resources and referrals.
Of 2,043 women aged 18 to 59 who participated in the 1998 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, women experiencing intimate partner violence were more than 3 times more likely than other women to have been depressed for over half of the past month and approximately twice as likely to have been anxious or suffered insomnia for over half of the past month compared to women without a history of violence. A study of 84 women diagnosed with depression who disclosed intimate partner violence revealed that 18.6 percent of abused women reported post traumatic stress disorder, compared to 6.7 percent of non-abused women (Dienemann, Boyle, Baker, Resnick, Wiederhorn & Campbell, 2000). According to the same study, 53.5 percent of abused women reported sleeping problems and nightmares, compared to 23.3 percent of non-abused women.
A cross-sectional survey by Coker, Smith, Thompson, LcKeown, Bethea & Davis (2002) of 1,152 women aged 18 to 65 conducted between 1997 and 1999 found that 36.8 percent of women who ever experienced domestic violence reported having considered suicide, compared to 25.9 percent for all the women in the sample. Similarly, 18.6 percent of those who ever experienced violence reported having attempted suicide, compared to 11.8 percent for all the women in the sample.
Psychosocial stressors, negative environmental influences and traumatic experiences are unfortunately inevitable in the lives of some women. The way that women deal with these experiences sets up coping mechanisms for future stressful events. All these risk factors in women pose an enormous threat not only to the development of mental illness but also to the progression and deterioration of mental health. Healthcare providers should be meticulous in the initial physical, mental, and psychosocial assessment of women to exclude any suspicion of domestic violence and mental illness.
Evidence Based Support
Survivors of abuse have reported that they support primary care professionals inquiring about history of physical abuse and mental health issues. According to Nakell (2007), asking patients about their trauma history can be useful to patients in several ways. First, when patients acknowledge their history of trauma, the healthcare provider can provide psycho-education to help patients understand their trauma and its effects, and then can recommend useful treatment. Second, clinicians who understand patients histories of trauma and mental illness can appreciate the patients symptoms and therefore treat patients with appropriate care.
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) guidelines on domestic violence recommend that clinicians routinely ask women direct and specific questions about abuse. The American Medical Association also recommends routine screening of intimate partner violence and referrals to community-based services. The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) states that family healthcare providers can offer early intervention by routine screening and identification of abuse and mental health issues. The AAFP recommends that family clinicians be aware for the presence of family violence in every patient encounter.
Recommendations are also made for working with families to prevent abuse by teaching conflict resolution skills that promote respectful and peaceful relationships. The mental health consequences of domestic violence are detrimental. Increased rates of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, other anxiety disorders, somatization, drug and alcohol abuse, chronic mental illness, and suicide attempts have all been documented in survivors of domestic violence (Falsetti, 2007).






References
American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) (2009). Retrieved August 10, 2008
from http://www.aafp.org/online/en/home/clinical/publichealth.html
Carrasco, M. (2004). Latino Outreach Resource Manual: National Alliance on Mental
Illness. Retrieved July 31, 2008 from
http://www.nami.org/Content/ContentGroups/Multicultural_Support1/Fact_Sheets1/Outreach_Manuals/Latino_Manual.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
(1998). Retrieved August 10, 2008 from http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: National Center for Health Statistics (2008). Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2006. National Vital Statistics report. Retrieved July 11, 2008 from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr56/nvsr56_16.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: National Center for Health Statistics (2008). Cause of Death: Preliminary Data for 2006. National Vital Statistics report. Retrieved July 11, 2008 from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr56/nvsr56_16.pdf
Coker A. L., Smith P. H., Thompson M. P., LcKeown R. E., Bethea L., & Davis K. E.
(2002). Social Support Protects against the Negative Effects of Partner Violence on Mental Health. Journal of Womens Health and Gender-based Medicine, 11 (5), 465-476.
Dienemann J., Boyle E., Baker D, Resnick W., Wiederhorn N., & Campbell J. (2000).
Intimate Partner Abuse Among Women Diagnosed with Depression. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 21(5), 499-513.
Falsetti, S. A. (2007). Screening and Responding to Family and Intimate Partner Violence
in the Primary Care Setting. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 34 (3). Retrieved August 18, 2008 from http://www.mdconsult.com/das/article/body/102896730-8/jorg=journal&source=MI&sp=19972184&sid=739184307/N/608462/1.html
Family Violence and Prevention Fund (1999). Preventing Domestic Violence: Clinical
Guideline on Routine Screening. Retrived August 10, 2008 from http://endabuse.org/programs/healthcare/files/screpol.pdf
Manderscheid, R. W., Atay, J. E., Hernandez-Cartagana, M. R., Edmond, P. Y., Male, E., & Parker, A. C. E. (2001). Highlights of organized mental health services in 1998 and major national and state trends. Mental Health, United States, 2000 (135 171). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Maternidad Latina (2007). Promoting Child and Maternal Health. Retrieved August 1,
2008 from http://www.nchealthystart.org/aboutus/maternidad/vol1no3.htm
McKenzie, J. F., Neiger, B. L., & Thackeray, R. (2009). Planning, Implementing, &
Evaluating Health Promotion Programs. San Francisco: Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General (1999). Retrieved July 11, 2008 from http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/mentalhealth/home.html
Nakell, L. (2007). Adult Post traumatic Stress Disorder: Screening and Treating in
Primary Care. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, 34 (3). Retrieved August 18, 2008 from http://www.mdconsult.com/das/article/body/102896730-8/jorg=journal&source=MI&sp=19972190&sid=739184307/N/608468/1.html
Pailler, M. E., Kassam-Adams, N., Datner, E. M., & Fein J. A. (2007). Depression, Acute Stress and Behavioral Risk Factors in Violently Injured Adolescents. General Hospital Psychiatry, 29 (4). April 20, 2008, from http://www.mdconsult.com/das/article/body/93332740- 8/jorg=journal&source=MI&sp=19665266&sid=699894081/N/594331/1.html
Rodriguez, M. A., Heilemann, M. V., Fielder, E., Ang, A., Nevarez, F., & Mangione, C.
M. (2008). Intimate Partner Violenc, Depression, and PTSD Among Pregnant Latina Women. Annals of Family Medicine, 6 (1). Retrieved August 1, 2008 from http://www.mdconsult.com/das/article/body/101140726-5/jorg=journal&source=MI&sp=20349779&sid=731739019/N/626290/1.html

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (2006). Florida Mental
Health National Outcome Measures (NOMS): CMHS Uniform reporting System. Retrieved July 10, 2008 from
http://mentalhealth.samhsa.gov/publications/allpubs/SMA06-4195/Chapter15.asp
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (2005). United States Mental Health National Outcome Measures (NOMS): CMHS Uniform reporting System. Retrieved July 10, 2008 from
http://download.ncadi.samhsa.gov/ken/pdf/URS_Data05/FL.pdf
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (2004). United States Mental Health National Outcome Measures (NOMS): CMHS Uniform reporting System. Retrieved July 10, 2008 from
http://download.ncadi.samhsa.gov/ken/pdf/URS_Data04/FL04.pdf
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) guidelines (2009).
Retrieved August 10, 2008 from http://www.acog.org/
United States Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2010. Retrieved July 10, 2008 from http://www.healthypeople.gov/Search/objectives.htm
Table 1
Demographic Characteristics of adults with a serious mental illness served by a Statewide Mental Health Agency (SMHA) in the US 2006
Total number of adults with a serious mental illness served by SMHA system 3,833,500

Gender Male: 47.3%
Female: 52.7%

Age Distribution 18 20: 3.8%
21- 64: 64%

Race/Ethnic Distribution American Indian/Alaskan Native: 1.0%
Asian/Island Pacific: 1.6%
Black or African American: 21.7%
Hispanic or Latino: 86.9%
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander: 0.2%
White Caucasian: 61.9%
Multi-racial: 1.6%

Employment Percent Employed: 18%
Percent not in Labor Force: 56%
Percent Unemployed: 26%
Living Situation Private residence: 66.1%
Foster home: 1.8%
Residential care: 3.7%
Crisis residence: 1.0%
Institutional setting: 2.7%
Jail/Correctional facility: 2.0%
Homeless or shelter: 2.4%
Other living situation: 3.1%

Medicaid Funding Status of the Consumers Medicaid only: 46%
SMHA funds only (Non-Medicaid): 38%
Both Medicaid and other funds: 16%







Table 2
Disparities for Focus Area 18: Mental Health and Mental Disorders, 2002
Health People 2010
Hispanic/Latino Black Non-Hispanic White Non Hispanic
Treatment for
serious mental illness:
18+ years 50 to 99% 50 to 99% The group with the
best rate
Treatment for
recognized depression:
18+ years 50 to 99% 50 to 99% The group with the
best rate
Treatment for
generalized
anxiety disorder: 18+ years Data not
available 10 to 49% The group with the
best rate
Employment: 18+ years
With a serious mental
illness 10 to 49% 10 to 49% The group with the
best rate

Table 3

Demographic Characteristics of adults with a serious mental illness served by a Statewide Mental Health Agency (SMHA) in the US 2005
Total number of adults with a serious mental illness served by SMHA system 3,556,280
Gender Male: 48.4%
Female: 50.4%

Age Distribution 18 20: 4.4%
21- 64: 62.3%

Table 4
Demographic Characteristics of adults with a serious mental illness served by a Statewide Mental Health Agency (SMHA) in the US 2004
Total number of adults with a serious mental illness served by SMHA system 3,174,121
Gender Male: 48.4%
Female: 50.0%

Age Distribution 18 20: 3.6%
21- 64: 61.4%


Tables 5-9

Female deaths by age and race in the US, preliminary 2006
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
[Age specific rates are 100,000 population in specified group]

All Races Number Rate
Age Distribution
15 24:
25- 34:
35-44:
45-54:

8,814
12,726
30,881
69,775

42.8
64.1
141.5
317.3

White females Number Rate
Age Distribution
15 24:
25- 34:
35-44:
45-54:

6,698
9,020
22,296
52,255

41.8
58.7
129.0
291.5


Non-Hispanic White females Number Rate
Age Distribution
15 24:
25- 34:
35-44:
45-54:

5,530
7,507
19,649
47,610

43.1
62.7
136.7
300.2


Black females Number Rate
Age Distribution
15 24:
25- 34:
35-44:
45-54:

1,684
3,117
7,386
15,265

51.1
106.3
244.2
546.6


Hispanic females Number Rate
Age Distribution
15 24:
25- 34:
35-44:
45-54:
1,196
1,533
2,679
4,701

34.5
42.2
85.5
210.8


Table 10

Deaths and death rates for selected mental health causes in the US 2006
[Rates are per 100,000 population]

Number Rate
Alzheimers Disease 72,914 24.4
Total suicide 32,185 10.7
Suicide by firearm 16,650 5.6
Suicide by other unspecified means 15,535 5.2
Drug induced deaths 34,678 11.6
Alcohol induced deaths 21,513 7.2











There are faxes for this order.

Cross-border marriages: A study of marriage migration in China

-A study of the direction of the migration flows involve women leaving poorer regions (e.g. from mainland china to Hong Kong) and countries (e.g. mail-order brides from mainland China to Western/European countries) to go to richer ones.
Focus: with a major speculation on the cases of inter-regime marriages between Hong Kong and main land China.
-Since when have this trend began?
(with support of latest demographic data/censu/statistcs: http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/products_and_services/products/publications/statistical_report/general_statistical_digest/index_cd_B1210001_dt_detail.jsp)

-Aanalyze the cultural, socioeconomic and geopolitical factors that lead to cross-border marriages between local-born Hong Kong men and mainland Chinese women, when those couples with very different attributes marry, what are the rationales behind their decisions?

-Investigate what kind of social changes are connected to these cross-border marriages, and how has it changed, what is the situation like today? :
Social environmental problems:
-cross-border concubines
-marriage brokers, legal and illegal-increase fake marriages of convenience
- as women marry into more desirable locations within and beyond China's borders, creating a shortage of brides in more remote rural regions
- Rapid increase of cross- border childbirth
- Cultural differences can lead to shattered expectations--Abuse plagues cross-border marriages.


-In addition, what kind of harsh immigration and social welfare policies have been exercised by the governments of the People's Republic of China and of the Hong Kong SAR to discourage cross-border marriages? (immigration controls)

I would like for this research paper to be written in Franklin Covey format. I will email information on how to cite, and write a bibliography in Franklin Covey format. I will not send the Covey Template as I have done with many of the 3 page orders that I have placed in the past. What I am ordering is only a segment of a group project, and therefore the Template is not necessary. I would like for this project to be assigned to writer INFOCEO. The paper should reflect the fact that AT&T Wireless is a publicly traded company, and has been in business for over 2 years. I would also like for the writer to give good points, on why AT&T was a good topic to choose, as far as publicly traded stock companies is concerned. This paper should focus on the following:



1. Situational analysis including environmental factors (macro & micro) relevant trends, and SWOT analysis.



2. Describe and justification of your target market(s) including segmentation strategy. Include how you will use market research to achieve coporate goals.



3. Competitive analysis including how you will achieve a competitive advantage and substitute products.



For the above mentioned topics that the paper will focus on, please be sure complete the 3 items listed below and make them part of the 3 items of research listed above.



1. Analysis of case yielding the fundamental underlying problem that was faced by this company (different from symptoms like declining revenues and loss or profits).



2.Provide 2-3 alternative plans to minimize or resolve the underlying problem with this company. Argue the pros and cons of each alternative action plan.



3. Select the best solution to your underlying problem giving good arguments for your choice.

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A well-organized and thoughtful 5-7-page research paper. Use the APA format in writing course papers. Therefore, the APA rules for formatting, quoting, paraphrasing, citing, and listing of sources are to be followed. Your paper must contain at least five references, and may include Internet sources, books, and professional journals or resources related to the profession.Include the bibliography page in APA formatting.

The Veterans Healthcare System (VHA), which is the largest fully integrated system in the United States, conduct a systematic assessment. Identify the organization's mission and conduct the following assessments: an environmental assessment, an organizational assessment, a human resources assessment, and a political process assessment. Use the SWOT approach to determine the organizations strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. To ensure the organization remains viable well into the future, and to give you an opportunity to conceptualize the overall strategic planning process, based on your findings, identify alternative strategies and analyze them. Identify key implementation issues, along with suggestions for evaluation of the effectiveness of the strategy. Research VHA's efforts and visit the website at http://www.va.gov.

This paper is for a Introduction to Environmental Science course. Basically what we have to do is pick a couple different articles from a list provided (I have already picked two) and write on the general topic (Global Warming) using the 2 articles that I will provide and compare and contrast the 2 articles.

Start with a basic introduction to Global Warming and from there start to compare and contrast the different articles. He is not really looking for a summary of the articles, but rather a "what did the author leave out or not explain, and what did they explain, why is one different than the other?" I guess you could say we are sort of critiquing the articles and saying how effective each is on the issue of global warming.

I will send an email attaching the 2 articles for the writer to use. Thanks!

(The 2 sources are just the articles I provide)
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Focus on a specific environmental problem within Energy Conservation.
Write a 1,800 paper in APA format that formulates a mitigation plan for the specific environmental problem.

Include the following:
o Detailed description of the problem
o Nonliving and living factors that contribute to or are affected by the problem
o Positive or negative human impacts
o Evaluation of current sustainability strategies and solutions
o Plan to reach sustainability
o Benefits and challenges of the plan
o Required government, societal, and global support

Include four outside sources. Two of the four sources should be peer-reviewed.

Hello, after trying another service and being really disappointed, the only thing I got was a waste of time, I have been referred to you by a freind who says you guys are VERY GOOD, I hope you guys can help me out so here we go.

I am writing a dissertation with very little time on my hand, I cannot take more time because of really tough situations, but I really appreciate your survice and hope you will do a great job for me.

The dissertation must be about 15,000 words long, Master Level, and is about strategic planning.

Remember that citation style is Harvard, and it's in British English.

Ive started writing sections of the dissertation(Below), but having no experience in Dissertation writing, I come to you as experts in academic writing to help me get an A. I have done a good part, I hope its clear, the first section that I need your help in is writing the pre-interview section, meaning chapters 1 until 4 inclusive, linking those in a way that it focuses the dissertation on answering the question, some sections you will find good others maybe missing, and yet others can be in a different order, or may need to go altogether, you're the pros.


Meanwhile I will conduct the interviews with multiple companies and send the results of the transcripts to you for writing the remaining chapters.

Please find below the work Ive done, Ive enclosed my comments between [square brackets]
Dissertation title:


The Importance of Strategic Planning for Training Companies the case of SMEs in the UAE
Title and content
1 Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Overview
1.2 Aims and Objectives
1.3 Statement of the research question
2 Chapter 2 Background and context of the research
2.1 Background
2.2 The theoretical base
3 Chapter 3 Literature review
3.1 The history and evolution of training services
3.2 Training services in the UAE
4 Chapter 4 Methodology
4.1 Research strategy for primary research
4.2 Limits and restrictions to the study
4.3 The impact of strategic planning on the companys performance (the empirical study)
4.4 Overview of survey sample
4.5 Strategic planning in SMEs: The Questionnaire (go through questionnaire and explain the significance for each question)
5 Chapter 5: Discussion - Analysis and interpretation
5.1 Survey findings and results (also include Description on how the results were collected)
5.2 Defining success in strategic planning
5.3 Best practices
6 Chapter 6: Conclusion & Recommendations
References
Appendix 1: The Survey
Appendix 2: The list of participating companies:
Appendix 3: the selection criteria for the companies in the sample.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
[Now in Detail ]
Abstract
Acknowledgment
1 Introduction

1.1 Overview
[overview of the and what it involves goes here.]
1.2 Aim and objectives
The aim of this paper is to determine the impact of strategic planning on the performance of small to medium size training companies in the UAE.
The objectives are:
- To identify the use of strategic planning with the companys performance (turnover, number of employees, number of customers);
- To relate the use of strategic planning with the international activity;
- To determine the use of strategic planning with the use of high tech methods;
- To correlate the use of strategic planning with the managers characteristics (age, education, gender, foreign language proficiency, prior experience [general or specific]);
- To evaluate the use of strategic planning with the companys age and the mangers experience.
- Identify future development opportunities.

I am hoping that these objectives will be useful in determining what impact strategic planning has on the training companies chosen to participate in this study.

1.3 Statement of the research question
Is strategic planning essential for training companies (those that offer training for businesses) in order to remain competitive in providing relevant training for businesses with changing needs, from a sample of companies?
Chapter 2 Background and context of the research
2.1 Background
This will show a general background on the significance of the research, where the need became clear, and what promoted the research.
2.2 The theoretical base
Whats the theory behind the research and in what context is it intended, critically evaluating different views on the subject along with the citations.

Chapter 3. Literature review
Literature review must be extensive and cover all grounds with regard to relevant literature in this field, it should also include personal planning, professional planning; how training is the better option to keep employees motivated and decrease employee replacement in general, specifically it should cover:
The history and evolution of training services:
How it all started, this section contains references from the learning organisation and the organisational learning, in addition to how corporate or company learning became popular in spite of the spending involved that the lack of training may be even more costly; highlights with regards to the emerging need for training in time.

Training services in the UAE:
If you dont have any references on this please write in general.
4. Methodology
4.1 Research strategy for primary research
Using data provided by the Ministry of Labour, a sample of 20 training companies across the UAE was defined, these companies profiles correspond the profile targeted by the dissertation (a comprehensive list is in Appendix2 Listing the companies that were included in the research), of those companies that request to remain anonymous will not be mentioned; however a place holder mentioning a code will be in the list to denote that a company did participate.
The option of purchasing data from industry associations was avoided due to the potential questionable nature of data that might be provided and its effect on the research authenticity, instead direct collection of data will be used, through interviews with the companies leaders (GMs or other personnel directly involved in planning), through structured or semi-structured interviews; in order to make this proposition attractive to companies, I will offer the benefit of sharing the research findings as a thank you for your contribution.
Further relevant leads might be obtained from interviewees that appear adequately informed and it is assumed therefore that their referrals will also be as informed and therefore are likely to add very useful contributions to the study.
Once the data is collected it has to be analysed. Excel was chosen for this task. Data from excel can be transported in a large number of statistical applications to be analysed and it is easy to manipulate.
Charts will be used to make the results more comprehensive for the reader, as this thesis is addressed to all training companies. Since some of the managers may not have experience with interpreting statistical results, pie and bar charts were chosen to help with this by presenting the results in a visual manner.
[Also mention how we took the sample and why? In appendix 2]
4.2 Limits and restrictions to the study
The main limitations are related to data collection as the timeline for this stage is quite short and because of that the response rate may to be low. That is why secondary sources were chosen to complement this task.
Also, given the size of the sample, it will be very unlikely to interview all the managers which would have been otherwise ideal to obtain more accurate data. to facilitate mitigating this effect, careful selection for personnel who are more likely to contribute relevant data will be set in a selection criteria document (see Appendix3), it will focus on those who will have the factors that will give them precedence over other candidates to be interviewed, such as experience in setting strategy, or implementing strategy... and etc.
One other challenge that may be encountered is the refusal of some companies from the sample to cooperate. Some companies refuse to disclose information about their internal processes because theythink it may damage their activity, or it might be leaked to competitors for example. To address this problem, every measure will be taken to the extent of offering to sign a non-disclosure agreement with those companies if deemed necessary and requesting the University to treat my dissertation as Confidential.
4.3 The impact of strategic planning on the companys performance (the empirical study)
This section is going to:
+ Give more details on how the researcher is going to apply the techniques to the research
E.g., exactly which data is going to be collected and how is it going to be analysed?
- collecting the data will depend primarily on the interviews with around 20 companies and this will allow to form a representative sample as the sizes of the companies will differ from small to medium to bigger companies.
+How will the findings help to address the stated research question?
4.4 Overview of survey sample
4.5 Strategic planning in SMEs: The Questionnaire (go through questionnaire and explain the significance for each question)

5 Chapter 5: Discussion - Analysis and interpretation
5.1 Survey findings and results (Description of the results and the findings)
5.2 Defining success in strategic planning
5.3 Best practices

6 Chapter 6: Conclusion & recommendations

7 References and bibliography
[The resources will be divided in two sections: one section for the theoretical part and the other is for the empirical part. The section for the theoretical part includes strategic planning related books and articles, such as:]
- Bamberg, R. & Layman, E.J. (2005). Environmental scanning and the health care manager. The Health Care Manager. 24, 200-208.
- David, F (2005), Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases, 10th Edition, Prentice Hall.
- Goetsch, D (2006) Effective Strategic Planning for Competitive Advantage: Ten Steps for Technical Professions (NetEffect), Prentice Hall.
- Hunger, J and Wheelen Tom (2007) Essentials of Strategic Management, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall.
- Kaufman, R, Oakley-Browne, H, Watkins, R and Leigh D (2003) Strategic Planning For Success: Aligning People, Performance, and Payoffs, Wiley&Sons.
- Mintzberg, H (1993), The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning, Free Press.
- Porter, M (1998), Competitive Strategy Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, Free Press.
- Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art & practice of the learning organization. Santa Fe, New Mexico: Doubleday.
- more resources will be sent by email.
[Please add more resources and references as necessary]

[The section for the empirical part should include books and articles related to different methods of strategic planning and how to build the empirical part of an academic research, such as:]
- Gujarati, Damodar N. (1995) Basic Econometrics, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill International Editions.
- Kaplan, R and Norton, D (2001) The Strategy Focused Organization How balanced scorecard organizations thrive in the new business, Harvard Business School Press.
- Welkowitz, J, Cohen, B and Ewen, B (2006), Introductory Statistics for the Behavioural Sciences, 6th Edition, Wiley & Sons.
[Please add more resources and references as necessary]


Appendix 1: The Survey
[Important NOTE: Building the questionnaire must be based on the literature review and must be inter-linked with the rest of the dissertation, so that it makes a sound basis for data collection. The purpose of this is to run the interview by 20 different companies (some bigger others medium and smaller companies) in order to get a good cross-section analysis.
When asking these questions, the questionnaire will be produced in two versions; one will remain with the researcher which will contain probing questions while the questionnaire given to the interviewee will contain open ended questions in general to allow the interviewee to speak his/her mind. The purpose of this is to allow the interview to answer the questions as spontaneous as possible without interference and will allow the interviewer to probe further with questions that will reveal a wealth of information.

[Here is an example of the questions I would ask in the interviews:
Following is my thinking on my questionnaire building so that takes into consideration it all standard practices and regulations to conducting surveys, since this is my first time to do such a survey, please help out constructing a structured interview questionnaire here are the sections I thought of, please modify add/remove as necessary in accordance with what is accepted and correct academically]
Section One - About the company:
(Company Name: Address: Website: contact: please introduce yourself:
When was it established?
Where was it established?
Is the company International or local?
How many branches?
How many Staff members?
How many years in operation?
Who are your specific target markets-Sectors (finance, construction, etc.)?
Is the company authorised by the Ministry of Education?
How many clients do you have?
Can you share any declared and publicly available records on the performance of the company?)
What is the company turnover year to year? And since implementing strategic planning if it were not before?

Section two About your services?
(Do you offer any other services or products besides training?
What is your training portfolio? What courses do you offer?
Who are your courses directed to/prepared for?
How many trainers/ lecturers work in each branch?
If the company is international and has branches in the UAE, then the questions follow: do you operate the branches in the UAE with the same way you do in other locations world wide?)

Section three About your standard running of the business:
(What are the most popular means of communicating internally or with your clients, [meaning email, and online or paper and interoffice memo circulation?]
Where does the demand come from? Does it come from supply bases (what we have to deliver) or is it does it come in response to customer requests in designing custom made courses according to special requests, or have a portfolio of courses that customers can choose from?

Section four About the manager interviewed:
(Tell me about your responsibility? What do you do?
How long have you been there?
Do you have previous experience in planning? Please mention?
Would you say that the experience you have is relevant and directly or indirectly applicable to your role here?
Are you currently directly involved in Strategic planning?
Who else would you recommend that I see in this organisation who is also involved in Strategic Planning?
If you dont mind please state your age, education, foreign languages you know fluently speak that you use at work?)

Section five About strategic planning:
How does your organisation understand planning? [Looking for definition]
(Can I obtain a copy of your vision and mission statements?
Does the company have a strategic plan?
If so, can you share it with me, I assure you of complete confidentiality and am prepared to sign a non-disclosure agreement
How is the organisations strategy created?
How often is the strategic plan revisited/updated?
What determines the re-evaluation of the strategic plan? [periodic or based on events])
Can you describe the process?)
- What potential training can you incorporate in the future?
Miscellaneous questions:
- What key areas does implementing your strategic plans make a significant impact in your organisation success?

- Were those key areas different in the past? And if so, how did they change?

- Looking at the trend of change of the effect of strategic planning from its early implementations to date, what will the key areas be in the future, in your view?

- When implementing the strategy, what measures do you employ to ensure things are going as planned?

- What are the challenges that face your organisation when implementing strategic planning, and how does your organisation deal with them?

- Based on your organisations experience, should strategic plnning be given a more important role or a less important role in deciding the future of the organisation?

Appendix 2: The list of participating companies:
[please ignore this section as I will provide this information]

Appendix 3: the selection criteria for the companies in the sample.
Selection Criteria:
- All companies in the sample selected for our study must possess the following criteria:
o Company is registered in the Ministry of Education
o Company offers training to other companies.
o Has more than one employee.
o Has training facilities
o Does training on more than one subject
o Has been in operation for at least one year.
- All candidates chosen for the interviews must posses the following criteria:
o Member of the board of directors,
o Contributes to setting the strategy
o A Prominent decision maker in the company



++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Whats really very important is:
- Ensuring that the statement of area, objective(s) is Precise. And assessing the boundaries of the dissertation.
- Searching a wide range of sources methodically. Identifying and referring most relevant texts. Pinpointing references in Harvard style.
- Having a detailed discussion of methodology
- Focusing on originality of the idea; giving objective evidence relevant to the area
- Analysis consistent with evidence.


please let me know if you have any questions or need any clarifications,

Best regards,
George