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A guard must be fixed on the spaces between the banisters in order to prevent the child from falling out from between the spaces. In addition, hardware mounted safety gates can be mounted at the top and at the bottom of the staircase so that it will remain an out of reach place for the child. Pressure mounted or accordion gates must be however, avoided, because while pressure gates are not very safe, accordion gates may end up entrapping a small child's head within its gaps.
The best safety measure of all is to warn the child and educate him about the various dangers that are involved in the misuse of a staircase, and he must be taught at a very early age to learn to use the staircase in the proper and safe manner that would prevent accidents and injuries of any sort. The best method in which to bring this about would be to teach the child, at the early age of about 10 to 12 months, to walk down the staircase backwards. If there is a window at the landing of the staircase, then the window must be barred and childproofed. It is a fact that merely installing window screens is not at all a good safety measure; a window guard must be installed if the child is to be safe from falls and accidents on the stairs. If this were not possible, then the window must be kept securely fastened at all times, because small children...
In addition, all types of furniture such as cots and chairs and tables must be moved well away from the window so that the child will not be able to climb onto the furniture to look out of the window and either sit on the window sill or fall out. Therefore, it can be stated that in order to prevent a small child from falling from the top of a staircase of from a window, certain safety measures can be undertaken, and when these are done with the safety of the child with the possibility of a recurrence in mind, then the child will be safe from such injuries and accidents which in some unfortunate cases may even turn out to be fatal. (Childproofing and Preventing Household Accidents.)
References
Childproofing and Preventing Household Accidents. Retrieved at http://kidshealth.org/parent/firstaid_safe/home/childproof.html. Accessed on 11 January, 2005
How Many Children are injured in Accidents? Retrieved at http://www.capt.org.uk/pdfs/factsheet%20accident%20facts.pdf. Accessed on 11 January, 2005
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