Air Quality Standards World Health Organization Compliance Standards

Air Quality Control

In 1945, United Nations diplomats convened in order to position an organization to assist global health, now known as the World Health Organization (WHO) (WHO.int, 2008). The organization has since established numerous health campaigns and standards across the globe. One of the most significant concerns is the air quality of the world. With the help of the WHO, the world is able to be more knowledgeable and proactive about the causes, effects, and preventative actions against human air pollution.

Air pollution can affect humans and wildlife alike. The lungs are among the leading organs to be damaged by air pollution. Studies have shown that in areas of higher air pollution, the lung capacity is as much as eighty percent less than it is fully capable of (LBL.gov, n.d.). The underperforming lungs experience diminishing functions. Other serious health issues in humans can include chronic respiratory disease, heart disease, and damage to the heart, lungs, nerves, kidneys, and liver (LBL.gov, n.d.). These health problems have caused financial strain, as health care costs rise and productivity in the workplace decreases (LBL.gov, n.d.).

The environment experiences the effects of air pollution just the same as humans experience it. Though many countries deny responsibility or acceptance of, it is often said that air quality is affecting the world's overall climate (Nutramed.com, n.d.). When plants or crops are in the position to experience air pollution, there is clear visible and biological damage to the plant. Foliage is often damaged with wilted or dead tissue or yellowing of the leaves. The plant will reduce its growth and yield, and will endure recurring injury before finally dying prematurely (Griffiths, 2003).

The WHO has set standards to have countries meet air quality goals. In doing so, the organization has requested certain chemicals or matter to be below or at certain levels. Below, a chart displays the California standards vs. The WHO standards for two of the most influencing pollutants:

California Standards

The WHO Standards

Particulate Matter PM2.5

12 ?g/m3 annual mean

10 ?g/m3 annual mean

Particulate Matter PM10

20 ?g/m3 annual mean

20 ?g/m3 annual mean

(Air Resources Board, 2009), (WHO.int, 2008).

Particulate matter consists mainly of sulfates, nitrates, ammonia, sodium chloride, carbon, mineral dust, and water. Measured by aerodynamic diameter, these pieces of matter are hoped to be at the lowest concentration possible (WHO.int, 2008). For PM2.5, California standards are similar to those of the WHO, but slightly higher. For PM10, the standards are identical. This identifies that California agrees with the WHO on air quality standards goals set forth by the WHO.