Airport and port security measures and frameworks

Airport and Port Security

The national security presidential command of June 20 of the year 2006 was aimed at the expansion of the national plan for aviation security. This plan established the overarching structure for a complete and incorporated national approach to the security aviation transport system, building on present thriving schemes and directing extra security improvements where essential. The Department of Homeland security, Department of Defense and Department of Transportation should carry on with the advancement of technical and stepwise measures to discover, avoid, react to and recover from physical and cyber-based assails against aviation the critical air transportation system infrastructure and must strive augment harmonization between the government and the private sector. This is so as to attain an incorporated defensive system for all infrastructure fundamentals of the aviation transport system. The Department of Homeland security, Department of Justice and Department of Transportation and other stakeholders must expand procedures and tactics for synchronizing inter-agency initiatives to expand, launch, sustain and authenticate steady state security measures. This will enable protection against MANPAD (Man-Portable Air Defense System) and other stand-off weaponry. These procedures and plans should control ongoing MVAs (MANPADS Vulnerability Assessments) and MANPADS improvement plan efforts by department of homeland security and should be synchronized with operational reply plan developed under Aviation Operational Threat Response. The effective implementation of the effectual realization of the security measures in the aviation transportation system security plane needs collaboration and information allotment amongst Federal states. It also requires collaboration and information allotment amongst, local and tribal agencies as well as industry and foreign partners (Aviation Transportation System Security Plan., 2007).

The September eleven attacks were sequences of synchronized homicidal attacks by al-Qaeda upon the United States on September 11, 2001. The assault created extensive disorder amongst news organizations and air traffic controllers across the United States and other airports of the world. The events of these attacks have really impacted both the international and national commercial aviation and airport operations. First and fore most, security operations had to be beefed up in all major airports of USA and other nations. Passengers had to be screened in order for them to board an airplane. Furthermore, passenger screening machines have been invented and are now in use in many airports all over the world. Secondly, these attacks led to passengers spending a lot of time at the airport. This is because they are subjected to numerous security checks at the airports. Thirdly, many airports all over the world have been compelled to employ extra security staff and technologies to curb the adverse effects of the international terrorism. This has considerably increased their operational costs (Gray, 2002).

Maritime trade is that trade which is conducted through shipping goods from a port in country or city to another. The goods which are usually conveyed by ships include crude oil, iron ore, grain and containers. Waterways have also permitted a great deal of the trade that has augmented America's economy and that of other nations which make up North America. Domestic and global trade has taken place along rivers and coasts from time immemorial. Vast cities have developed close to waterways, and maritime activity has stayed remained important to the economy of USA North America at large. In addition maritime trade has facilitated foreign exchange amongst the trading partners. Furthermore, the trade has facilitated the movement of goods amongst the trading partners and this has helped uplifted the well-being of the people of North America. The men and women of the U.S.A. And other North American countries who have sustained the maritime industry have made important contributions to the current state of affairs of North America in the global marketplace (Kristiansen, 2004).