Apartheid Annotated Bibliography Clark, Nancy

APARTHEID

Annotated Bibliography

Clark, Nancy L. And William H. Worger. South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid.

New York: Longman Publishing, 2004.

This excellent book by noted historians Nancy L. Clark and William H. Worger discusses in great depth the system known as apartheid which existed in South Africa during the last half of the 20th century. Historically, South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid begins by covering the dismal and dangerous years of the late 1940's when the Nationalists reigned supreme over all of South Africa by keeping African blacks segregated from white society, much like that in the American South during the 1950's and 1960's. It then portrays the events that led up to the collapse of apartheid in the early 1990's with a focus on the activities and bravery of Nelson Mandela. South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid also examines in detail the history and conflicts linked to white supremacy; the political and social movements by anti-apartheid groups and individuals to bring an end to white rule in South Africa and explores the overall legacy of apartheid as it relates to the historical foundations of South Africa. In addition, South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid provides a series of letters and other documents written by those who experienced the terrors of apartheid at its peak during the 1980's. As an historical work, South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid superbly addresses the horrors of segregation and how possesses the power to destroy not only nations but also the people themselves.

Coombes, Annie E. History After Apartheid: Visual Culture and Public Memory in a Democratic South Africa. NC: Duke University Press, 2003.

In her exemplary work History After Apartheid, art historian Annie E. Coombes concentrates on the history of South Africa's new visual and material culture which came about after the collapse of apartheid in 1994 when Nelson Mandela was elected as President of South Africa after a century of white rule and segregation. Overall, Coombes attempts to illustrate how apartheid still evokes its influence over various artistic projects and works in such areas as painting, sculpture, public art works and architecture. According to the editors of History After Apartheid, Coombes "explores the dilemmas posed by a wide range of visual and material culture" in many South African public sites that commemorate the collapse of apartheid and the resulting desegregation of South African society. For example, Coombes explores whether or not a museum dedicated to Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress should be located on Robben Island, an "infamous political prison," and whether or not a monument dedicated to the Boer Trek of 1828 should be paid for by the current South African government. One important area of concern is how slavery and homelessness failed to be represented in artistic works, due to being "disavowed under apartheid." In essence, History After Apartheid "illuminates a body of work dedicated to the struggle to simultaneously remember the past" while moving forward into the future. 1

Lindsay M. Eades. The End of Apartheid in South Africa. New York: Greenwood Press, 1999.

As the titles suggests, this excellent work by Lindsay M. Eades, one of the most prominent South African historians writing today, explores the long and often violent history of apartheid in South Africa and offers a number of explanations as to why it collapsed in the early 1990's. Most of this book is composed of various essays that examine five major issues -- first, the divisions within South African society that led to the historic apartheid legislation initiated in 1948; second, how each social group was defined and separated by apartheid -- whites, coloreds,

Indians and Africans; third, how this separation put increasing pressure on the system that gave rise to organized domestic resistance that eventually led to the collapse of apartheid; fourth, the economic sanctions imposed by other nations on South Africa in retaliation for apartheid, and fifth, the new government and the challenges of a new democracy. 2 This book also contains a number of biographies on the men who brought down apartheid, such as Mandela, Willem deKlerk, Stephen Biko and Desmond Tutu. In addition, this work contains and examines important documents related to the collapse of apartheid which makes it an ideal source for students and scholars alike.

Worden, Nigel. The Making of Modern South Africa: Conquest, Segregation and Apartheid.

UK: Blackwell Publishing, Ltd., 2000.