Distinguishing human and natural causes of global warming

Global Warming DQs

The determination of human contribution to the observed variations in Earth's climate includes making difficult decisions about the issues of climate systems that vary naturally. This is based on the interactions among different atmosphere parts with other concepts from an underlying concept. The natural variations exist on time scales from different years and decades. Shorter time spans for data records permit performance negotiations while separating systematic changes from human activities including greenhouse gas emissions and production of aerosol particles within natural variations (Victor, 2011).

Various natural climate fluctuations such as seasonal cycles are simple to develop and account for because they occur within well-known and fixed time scales. The alternative natural climate influence such as the El Nino and recurring warmth of ocean waters in tropical Pacific Ocean are difficult to identify within climatic datasets. The concept of warming refrains from occurring at fixed time intervals and time ranging between two and four years (Weart, 2009).

Lastly, the examination of spatial patterns for the forms of climate variation is realized as an anthropogenic signal for global warming with relative and spatial influence on tropical oceans. Therefore, it does not have extensive effects on atmospheric circulation even as the shift consists of warming within tropical west Pacific (Archer, 2011). The element also cools within subtropical as well as east tropical Pacific that enhances existing sea surfaces and temperature differences.

Question Two

Global warming exists. One of the evidences is that temperatures are increasing. The striking illustrations of global warming trends include scrutiny of data that shows relative and rapid increment of temperature from previous centuries (Weart, 2009). The increase in temperatures transpiring from 1978 has been of particular impact on rates of change are high. Ideally, the same period showed energy levels reaching the surface of the Earth from Sun. The measures were precise to make a conclusion that Earth's warming is not a reference to changes in the Sun.

The second illustration is that the sea levels are gradually rising (Dincer, Midilli, Hepbasli & Karakoc, 2009). The global sea levels were increasing by close to 8 inches in the last century. Such rates of increment are accelerating. The concept of global warming is a causal element in sea-level rise through ocean water expansion through the warming and melting of land-based ice in ice sheets and glaciers. The sea-level rise continues to happen at a faster rate than the scientists anticipate. Projections show that 2-3°F warming will bring about up to three feet sea-level rise in the world by 2100. This will displace 56 million people in the developing countries. The surface seawater pH continues to decrease by 0.2 units from 1750 while the projection drops by 0.5 units if actions are not taken to address fossil fuel emissions (Weart, 2009).

Question Four

The G8 has focused on global climate change and energy security. There are agreement policies taking action within areas such as increasing predictability, stability, and transparency of global energy markets and improving investments in energy climate sector. The policy enhances energy efficiency and saving through diversification of energy mixes (Dincer, Midilli, Hepbasli & Karakoc, 2009). The instruments will ensure that physical critical energy infrastructure security reduces energy poverty while addressing sustainable development and climate change.

The other policy approach is carbon emission stock-take. The complete data set for industrialized UN Framework Climate Change Convention parties shows that more greenhouse gas emissions are rising irrespective of measures within the Kyoto Protocol. The figures for the case show that the temporary restructuring effects within Eastern Europe promote emissions within industrialized countries with a rising trend of 11% each period (Archer, 2011). The countries' emissions have been down by an average of 3% while the 36 Protocol parties and emissions decline by close to 15%. The emissions from the world are up by 16% while the elements from Australia are up by 25% (Casper, 2010). The elements from China exceeded that of Europe. The developed countries achieved an 8% reduction between 2008 and 2012.