Psychologists Use Scientific Methods to Study Behavior

Psychologists Use Scientific Methods to Study

behavior and mental processes.

behavioral disorders.

unconscious mental processes.

the meaning of dreams.

Cognitive psychology can best be described as

the study of higher mental processes.

the therapeutic applications of critical thinking.

the area of psychology which attempts to reduce judgmental thinking.

a subspecialty of psychology based exclusively on observation rather than experimentation.

Who was a leading proponent of behaviorism in the United States until his/her death in 1990?

Carl Rogers

Skinner

Ivan Pavlov

Albert Bandura

Charles Darwin argued that ____ determines physical traits of survival.

A. cognition

B. genetics

C. environment

D. nurture

5. With what psychological approach is Sigmund Freud associated?

A. psychodynamic

B. humanistic

C. cognitive

D. sociocultural

6. Which of the following best describes a correlational study?

A. research that studies the naturally occurring relationship between two or more variables

B. research that explains the effects of one variable on another

C. research in which people are observed in their natural environment

D. research in which a carefully selected group of people is asked a predetermined group of questions

7. A researcher predicted that talking to plants enhances their growth. She gave 24 plants the same amount of food, water, and sunlight. She talked to 12 of the plants daily for 6 weeks. In this experiment, what is the dependent variable?

A. The same amount of food, water, and sunlight

B. The plants

C. talking

D. plant growth

8. A researcher predicted that talking to plants enhances their growth. She gave 24 plants the same amount of food, water, and sunlight. She talked to 12 of the plants daily for 6 weeks. In this experiment, what is the independent variable?

A. The same amount of food, water, and sunlight

B. The plants

C. talking

D. plant growth

9. In a formal experiment, which group is the control group?

A. The group that is subjected to manipulation

B. The randomly assigned group

C. The group that is not subjected to manipulation

D. The group that is representative of the general population

10. In a formal experiment, which group is the experimental group?

A. The group that is subjected to manipulation

B. The randomly assigned group

C. The group that is not subjected to manipulation

D. The group that is representative of the general population

11. Five students had the following scores on a psychological test: 10, 10, 15, 25, and 40. The mean of these five scores is

A. 10

B. 15

C. 20

D. 25

12. Five students had the following scores on a psychological test: 10, 10, 15, 25, and 40. The median of these five scores is

A. 10

B. 15

C. 20

D. 25

13. Five students had the following scores on a psychological test: 10, 10, 15, 20, and 40. The mode of these five scores is