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Batek of Malaysia
Among the shrinking number of unassimilated aboriginal tribes still managing to shield their core identity from modernity's onslaught, the Batek De' Negritos of Malaysia exhibit a uniquely egalitarian societal structure which has garnered increasing attention from social scientists. Living deep in the rain forests of Kelantan, Malaysia, the Batek people rely solely on traditional methods of subsistence, including foraging, hunting, and gathering, to survive the pressures applied by the harsh surrounding environs. As is the case with many cultures that practice subsistence living techniques, the very foundations of the Batek way of life, from religious belief to marital union, are inherently influenced by the methods the tribe has used to procure food and shelter since time immemorial. Because "their primary source of support & #8230; the hunting and gathering economy" is based on nuclear family units "living in the forest & #8230; collecting rattan, hunting and gathering wild foods" (Endicott & Endicott, 2008), the 600-800 members of the Batek people are necessarily dependent on the contributions of every member, from young children to elders, with little differentiation between gender roles. This intense interconnectedness between individual Batek, combined with centuries of nearly uninterrupted isolation, has produced a distinctive societal structure and value system. By examining the various...
One of the scientific community's foremost authorities on the study of the Batek, Karen Lampell Endicott, has concluded after decades of firsthand observation that "while the daily food-getting responsibilities of the sexes differ - women normally gather vegetable foods and men concentrate on hunting - the contributions of each sex to the food supply are considered equally important by the Batek, and each individual has direct and equal access to the sharing network that distributes food in a camp" (1984). This communal recognition of the contributions made by both men and women extends to the realm of marriage and the formation of families. According to Endicott, "men and women choose their own spouses on the basis of affection and compatibility. The family operates as an autonomous economic unit, the husband and wife making joint decisions about food-getting activities and camp movements" and because "the sexes live highly integrated lives among the Batek, often working…
References
Endicott, K.M., & Endicott, K.L. (2008). The headman was a woman: The gender egalitarian batek of malaysia. Chicago: Waveland Press, Inc.
Endicott, K.L. (1984) The Batek De' of Malaysia. Cultural Survival Quarterly. 8(2), 49-56.
Hassan, R. (2004). Local and global: Social transformation in southeast asia. Boston: Brill Academic Publishing.
Laird, P.F., & Nowak, B.S. (2010). Cultural Anthropology
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