Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
Biotechnology
The Origins of Biotechnology
For centuries, humans have been selectively breeding different plants and animals in an attempt to create a species more useful to human endeavors. This alteration of the fundamental basis of a species, although performed for most of human history, has only recently been understood in a more comprehensive manner. The origin of modern genetics can be traced to a little known European monk named Gregor Mendel, who, in the 1860's, performed the first modern scientific experiments aimed at understanding the true nature of heredity. Although news of his work was not generally widespread during his lifetime, by the 1890's, science technology had evolved enough to begin a comprehensive look at heredity; and Mendel's work became the basis of this exploration. From this beginning, the science of biotechnology has currently evolved into, not only a major source of knowledge, but an ever evolving source of a technology as well.
In the 1860's a European monk named Gregor Mendel first began experimenting...
By cross-breeding two different plants that always displayed a specific trait, called true breeding plants, Mendel discovered what is referred to as "Mendel's principles of segregation," sometimes called the "law of segregation." This principle is based on the idea that for each trait an individual displays, they must possess two alleles, or parts of a gene, that originate from each parent. (Pierce, 2012, p.49) The principle of segregation is based on the "concept of dominance," or the idea that one of the two alleles a person possesses for a particular trait will be observed, and that this allele is dominant over the other. The allele that is carried but not displayed was termed by Mendel as "recessive." (Bateson, 1913, p.8) The experiments described so far incorporated only a single trait with a single set of alleles, called a monohybrid, however Mendel also took the principle of segregation a step further by combining two sets of traits, called a "dihybrid cross." (Torrey, 1922,…
References
Bateson, William. (1913). Mendel's Principles of Heredity. London: Cambridge UP.
Print.
Hessenbruch, Arne. (2000). Reader's Guide to the History of Science. Chicago, IL:
Fitzroy Dearborn. Print.
Japanese-American Biopharmaceutical Industry in the 21st Century Optimizing Ethical Drug Availability Between These Two Pharmaceutical Superpowers" The Japanese-American biopharmaceutical industry represents an ongoing international effort between the two top pharmaceutical markets in the world. These two economic powers provide consumers with a majority share of all pharmaceuticals produced in the world. However, a number of pharmaceutical products that are currently available to U.S. residents are unavailable to Japanese consumers. From a humanitarian perspective, this
Christian Biotechnology: Not a Contradiction in Terms Presented with the idea of "Bioethics" most people in the scientific community today immediately get the impression of repressive, Luddite forces wishing to stifle research and advancement in the name of morality and God. Unfortunately, this stereotype too often holds true. If one looks over the many independent sites on the Internet regarding bioethics, reads popular magazines and publications, or browses library shelves for
These ideological views are bolstered by the numerous views propounded against GM products. Others see the GM products in a religious and philosophical light as a misguided attempt to control nature. "The central problem underlying all of this technology is not just its short-term benefits and long-term drawbacks, but the overall attempt to "control" living nature based on an erroneous mechanistic view. " (Batalion, J.) In conclusion, the above discussion
Pharmaceutical industries have to operate in an environment that is highly competitive and subject to a wide variety of internal and external constraints. In recent times, there has been an increasing trend to reduce the cost of operation while competing with other companies that manufacture products that treat similar afflictions and ailments. The complexities in drug research and development and regulations have created an industry that is subject to intense
By 2050, it is projected that only India would be recording growth rates significantly above 3%. Incomes and Demographics By 2050, despite much faster growth, individuals in those countries are still predicted to be poorer than those persons living in any of the now G6 economies . Russia is the exception, essentially catching up with the poorer of the G6 in terms of income per capita by 2050. By 2030, China's
Noncoding DNA, also known as "junk DNA" describes portions of the DNA sequence that do not appear to have any presentable use -- they do not encode for proteins, etc. In fact, in a most eukaryote cells, a rather large percentage of the total genome is noncoding DNA, but this varies between species. However, it is now a misnomer to call this material "junk," because the more sophisticated we become