Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetes

¶ … Diabetes Patients

putting patients on a diet consisting of all-natural, all-organic, locally grown or locally produced foods plus exercise

insulin injections

O - reduction in body's challenge to create/absorb insulin

nnonth trials

PICOT Question:

In patients who suffer from Type 2 diabetes (P), is an intervention consisting of a traditional, organic, and all-natural diet of locally grown/produced foods plus exercise (I) more effective in addressing the body's issues in creating or absorbing insulin (O) than insulin injections (C) over a 6-month trial period (T)?

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Diet diabetes management

PubMed

ProQuest, Emerald Insight

Effective

How is diet an effective intervention in diabetes management?

Dietary Intervention diabetes

PubMed

Emerald Insight

Insulin

How is dietary intervention in diabetes treatment compared to insulin?

4

3

Managing diabetes through diet exercise

PubMed

CINAHL, ProQuest

Environment

Can organic diet and exercise help to manage diabetes in patients?

4

4

Using a combination of food and exercise to manage diabetes

Pub Med

ProQuest, Emerald Insight

Effective

How can organic diet be combined with exercise to promote effective diabetes management in patients?

4

5

Managing diabetes through changing dietary pattern and lifestyle

PubMed

CINAHL, ProQuest

Prevention

Can changes in dietary patterns and lifestyle help in prevention and control of diabetes in patients?

5

Evaluation Table

Author

Conceptual Framework

Design/

Method

Sample & Setting

Major Variables Studied

Measurement

Data Analysis

Findings

Appraisal: Worth to Practice

Ajala et al. Systematic Review 2013: 97:3 505-516

Systematic review/meta-analysis

20 RCTs, N=3073 across 3460 randomly assigned individuals

RCTs w/ intervention above 6 mos, comparing low GI Med. Diet with control diets, high-GI

Low-GI Med. Diet is effective in improving markers of cardio-risk in people w/ diabetes

Strength: Low-GI Med. Diet should be considered in diabetes management

Cunningham-Myrie et al. Associations between neighborhood 2015: 68:9 970-978

Survey

2848 respondents from 2007-08 Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey

Physical activity, obesity, environment (neighborhood)

Relationship between neighborhood indicators and DM and the modifiable risk factors PA and obesity

Multi-level analyses: mixed-effect logistic regression models

ICC=10.7, Significant clustering in PA levels of 20 minutes

Strength: Environment has a partial impact on PA, diabetes and obesity

Oftedal, Bru & Karlsen. Motivation for diet and exercise management 2011: 25 735-744

Cross-section study consisting a postal questionnaire/ longitudinal, prospective survey

The questionnaire was administered to 425 adults aged between 30 and 70

Intrinsic motivational factors, diet and exercise management

Descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, multiple linear regression, Pearson correlation coefficients, reliability testing

Extrinsic factors play a vital role in determining dietary behavior. Intrinsic motivation improves exercise management

Strength: Motivation plays an important role in diet and exercise management

Aguiar et al. Efficacy of interventions that include diet, aerobic and resistance training 2014: 11:2 1-10