Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all share the same roots, and their followers are often referred to collectively as the "people of the Book." They are all monotheistic faiths tracing a patriarchal ancestry to the personage of Abraham in the Hebrew bible. In fact, the Hebrew bible is referred to as the Old Testament in the Christian faith and remains a major sacred text in the Christian religion. In spite of their common roots and a few common beliefs, these three religions have diverged from one another in significant ways, leading to major social and political conflicts. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all believe in the Hebrew bible as a sacred text, and all three are monotheistic faiths, but their specific theologies, customs, and practices differ. A fundamental feature of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam is monotheism, one of the features shared in common between these three religions. The Tanakh, which is the Jewish Bible, contains more than passage referring to the absolute monotheism that characterizes the faith. One of the most important monotheistic passages in the Tanakh is contained in what is known as the Ten Commandments, in which God speaks, "You shall have no other gods before me," (Exodus 20:3). The Tanakh is also part of the Christian scripture, which is why this passage is also relevant and meaningful for Christians. Muslims likewise consider the Tanakh to be a foundational text, albeit one that has been usurped by the teachings of Muhammad. Therefore, Muslims do not directly rely on the Tanakh, but had nevertheless become...

In Chapter 112, the Quran reads, "He is Allah, who is One…He neither begets nor is born, nor is there to Him any equivalent."
Although all three of these religions are monotheistic, they diverse when it comes to the concept of the messiah. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all believe in the concept of a messiah or group of messiahs. The term is found about forty times in the Tanakh; whereas the Christian Bible is specifically about the personage deemed the Christian messiah: Jesus Christ ("The Messiah in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam"). Whereas both Islam and Christianity believe that Jesus Christ was a Messiah, Judaism does not. Judaism does not view Jesus as a prophet or a messiah, whereas Islam accepts Jesus as a prophet ("The Messiah in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam"). The nature of Christ as either a divine, semi-divine, or human figure, is a contentious one in Christianity. Many Christians believe that Jesus is literally the son of God and is therefore divine, whereas other Christians believe that such a concept might violate the core concept of monotheism. Although their theologies differ, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have similar cosmologies. All three of these religions believe in Heaven and Hell. Likewise, all three of these religions propose that the right beliefs in God will result in a good, heavenly afterlife ("Comparison of Islam, Judaism and Christianity").

In fact, all three of these religions share in common a binary view…