¶ … Ethics and Moral Development in the Business Environment
Ethics, as the study of right and/or wrong, is an essential tool for professionals and practitioners of specific fields of study, particularly those people who directly deal with society. Knowing acts and behavior that are right or wrong, moral or immoral are considerations that an individual must take into account when practicing his/her chosen field of profession. However, there are various theories on ethics that offer different perspectives in determining whether an act or behavior is ethical or not, moral or immoral. In the analysis of the case study Might Makes Right, four ethical and moral theories are discussed and applied in the context of the study: Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative, J.S. Mill's Utilitarianism, theory of rights-based ethical decision-making, and theory of justice-based ethical decision-making.
The case study presents the main problem, wherein Janice contemplates whether or not to present her subordinate John's software package as her own, because she was not able to create a program of her own, as assigned to her by her boss. Two situations are presented here: the first dilemma is when Janice threatens to lower John's performance evaluation when he disagrees with her plan to present his software program as Janice's own; the second dilemma presents the situation wherein Janice...
Janice, in return, will provide John with a raise and promotion. The proper action that must be done for Janice is determined based on the principles presented by the four ethical and moral theories. The texts that follow are discussions of the case study using the various ethical perspectives.
Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative posits that given the situation Janice is in, she should not consider the two options discussed previously -- that is, whether she should threaten/coerce or connive with John to present his program as hers. According to Kant's Categorical Imperative, "[s]o act, that the moral of thy doing shall, at thy will, become a universal law." This means that people should not commit an act because there is some consequence in it, but because they consider the act as a moral duty that is 'universally' accepted. That is, an act or behavior is committed because it is considered ethical and moral to do so; to do otherwise would at once be considered unethical and immoral. Thus, Janice, considering the unethical nature of her decision to pass off John's work as her own, should, under Kant's Categorical Imperative, not consider 'stealing' John's program and present it to her boss as her own, whether or not John agrees with Janice's plan.
The theory of utility, according to J.S.…
