The other effect of the discriminatory judicial system is that non-whites are usually targeted by the system in an unfair manner.
For instance, Latinos are usually and in certain instances explicitly singled out for the process of immigration enforcement. Close to ninety-four percent of all the illegal immigrants who are arrested by the INS are of Mexican origin. The Immigration and Naturalization Service itself however states that only about fifty four percent of all the illegal immigrants are of Mexican origin (Defending Justice,2005) .
After the 9/11 attacks, the Bush Administration made it absolutely possible for all the police departments and federal agencies to infringe on the civil liberties as well as civil rights of Muslim, Arab as well as South Asian Immigrants (NAKASEC, 2003). Some of the new policies are; conducting of arrests and interrogations, indiscriminate and unwarranted raids as well as secret detentions.
There are also stereotypes on Native Americans as criminals in order to conceal the fact that they are the actual victims of very violent crimes. The American Indians have been noted to be victims of violent crimes at double the rate of the general American population (BJS,1999).
Conclusion
The U.S. criminal justice system has been shown to be discriminatory to the minorities.This has also been shown to have terrible effects on There is a need for a partial or even total overhaul of the policies that are deemed discriminatory. This will ensure that the American society grows stronger in every generation a consequence of an increased level of social cohesion, trust and respect. Discrimination is a vice that should be kicked out of the U.S. Judicial system.
References
Blumstein, A (1993). Racial Disproportionality of U.S. Prison Populations Revisited.
University of Colorado Law Review, 64, pp. 743-760.
Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2004). "American Indians and Crime
http://www.justice.gov/otj/pdf/american_indians_and_crime.pdf
Bureau of Justice Statistics (2002)....
"American Indians and Crime."
Council of Europe (2008). Discrimination
http://www.eycb.coe.int/compasito/chapter_5/pdf/3.pdf
Community Policing Consortium (1997). "To Protect and Serve: An Overview of Community Policing on Indian Reservations.
Davis, AY. (1998). "Masked Racism: Reflections on the Prison Industrial Complex."
Defending Justice (2005). How is the criminal justice system racist?
http://www.defendingjustice.org/pdfs/factsheets/10-Fact%20Sheet%20-%20System%20as%20Racist.pdf
Foucault, Michael. (1977). Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Translated by Alan
Sheridan. New York, NY: Random House.
Mauer, Marc. (1999). The Crisis of the Young African-American Male and the Criminal Justice System
http://exodusfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/CrisisofyoungAfricanamericanMale-M.pdf
National Korean-American Service & Education Consortium. 2003. "NAKASEC Community Fact Sheet on Anti-Asian Hate Crimes."
Oliver, Pamela., Jacubowski, Jessica., Sandefur, Gary. And Yocom, James. "Black Male Imprisonment As Contributors to Black Child Poverty" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Marriott Hotel, Loews Philadelphia Hotel, Philadelphia, PA, Aug 12, 2005
Ross, L (1998). Inventing the Savage: The Social Construction of Native American Criminality. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 16-19.
The Drug Policy Alliance (2005) "Women and the War on Drugs."
The Sentencing Project (2008). Reducing Racial Disparity in the Criminal Justice System:A Manual for Practitioners and Policymakers
http://www.sentencingproject.org/doc/publications/rd_reducingracialdisparity.pdf
The Sentencing Project (2004). "Facts about Prisons and Prisoners
The Sentencing Project (1997). Report Summary of "Intended and Unintended Consequences: State Racial Disparities in Imprisonment
