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Under Sartre's theory, freedom is other than what exists now; however, it must first be imagined, from nothingness, in order for it to then become possible, as an alternative for that which how exists, but which creates the human condition of being less than free.
Explain, now, with reference to the material outlined for 2 above, how the two authors' views differ with regard to the character of human freedom. While Dostoevsky's narrator focuses on the negating of present systems and rationality as freedom, or a means toward freedom, Sartre's focus is instead on imagining and then creating an alternative way of being that will represent true freedom. This is why, as Sartre suggests, when workers strike, or when soldiers fight in a revolution, they do so with a far greater sense of purpose when the alternative to the rules or system(s) presently in place, first, can be imagined, second, are desired by them, and third, appear to possess a true potential for being viably created and used in place of the system or set of rules that operates now. In essence, Dostoevsky's narrator speaks about what might be created, as an alternative to rational thought or scientific dogma, to yield true freedom. Sartre ponders what might be created, not so much in opposition against an existing way of being, but rather, from the nothingness that is now not freedom, but which could be built, from scratch, into freedom in the future.
Dostoevsky's view of the character of human freedom represents a reaction against scientific or rational systems that would serve to restrict, constrain, or otherwise discourage an individual from thinking for himself or herself, that is, originally and imaginatively, without dogmas, assumptions, or preconceived notions cluttering the thought processes. In Dostoevsky's view, systematization and scientific rationality not only prevent but impinge upon true freedom, since these constrain the human spirit and the imagination. According to the article "Radical Freedom," what is being suggested by Dostoevsky's underground man is that to achieve actual freedom, one must challenge "natural laws, reason, and even enlightened self-interest" (p. 374, Lt) rather than passively accepting them, or being afraid to challenge them.
In the end she succumbs to consumption; his youngest daughter from his first marriage, named Sonia is a kind woman that ends up prostituting her body for money. The life of these women is much like the lives of many Russian women during Dostoevsky's period. Because so many were poor, they ended up prostituting or engaging in crime to help support their family or to put bread on the
Lesson Plan Amp; Reflection I didn't know what state you are in so was unable to do state/district standards! Lesson Plan Age/Grade Range; Developmental Level(s): 7-8/2nd Grade; Below grade level Anticipated Lesson Duration: 45 Minutes Lesson Foundations Pre-assessment (including cognitive and noncognitive measures): All students are reading below grade level (5-7 months) as measured by standardized assessments and teacher observation Curricular Focus, Theme, or Subject Area: Reading: Fluency, word recognition, and comprehension State/District Standards: Learning Objectives: Students will develop
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Nothingness reflects a relation with being (Sartre 309-328). As such, the human mind holds the only responsibility of drawing a conclusion of nothingness due to lack of it relative to being. The attendant responsibility of the human mind lies in the ability to discern and differentiate on the aspects of existence and lack of existence. The ability to identify being correct proves a crucial step towards the identification of nothingness,
The boy had conflicting religious training. Officially, he was Catholic, but his grandfather's Protestantism influenced him greatly. He learned little of the major philosophers of the day because they were not given attention at the French university of the time, but he would encounter them later when he was in his twenties. He passed his written examination for the agregation on his second try and fulfilled his military service
Business Organization When determining which form of business organization to adopt for one's business, it is important to consider a number of variables before making a decision. These factors can include: the level of control the owner wishes to have, the structure of the company, the company's level of vulnerability to lawsuit, expectations of profit/loss, and whether there is a need for re-investment of capital back into the company. These considerations