Heart problems and cardiovascular disease overview

Personal Health History

Yes (Please list medications and reasons for usage below)

Medication

Reason for usage

Tiotropium Breathlessness

Emsam Depression

Are you taking any vitamins or dietary supplements?

Yes (If yes then please list supplements and reasons for usage below)

I am taking Vitamin C through consuming multitude of fruits in order to fight muscle spasms, fatigue, and joint pain.

Do you now, or have you had in the past: Yes No

History of heart problems, chest pain or stroke?

Increased blood pressure?

Any chronic illness or condition?

Do you ever get dizzy, lose your balance or lose consciousness?

Difficulty with physical exercise?

Advice from physician not to exercise?

Recent surgery (last 12 months)?

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

No

No

History of breathing or lung problems? No

Swollen, stiff, or painful joints? Yes

Foot problems? No

Back problems? Yes

Any significant vision or hearing problems? No

14. Diabetes or thyroid condition? No

15. Cigarette smoking habit? Yes

16. Do you ever drink alcoholic beverages? Yes

17. Increased blood cholesterol? Yes

18. History of heart problems in immediate family? No

19. Hernia, or a condition that may be aggravated by lifting weights? No

20. Do you have asthma? No

Have any of your BLOOD relatives had: Yes No

1. Heart attack under age 50? __ _No

2. Stroke under age 50? Yes

3. High blood pressure? Yes

4. Elevated cholesterol? ____ No

5. Diabetes? ____ No

6. Asthma or hay fever? ____ No

7. Heart operations? Yes

8. Obesity? Yes

9. Leukemia or cancer under age 60? Yes

Medical History

The patient was diagnosed with chronic pulmonary edema, in December 2002. A local psychologist diagnosed presence of depression. The swollen joints and muscles were found across the body of the patient were also found by X-Ray.

The disease progressed to the next level in May 2004, where the respiratory issues had gone worse. Patient was having fatigue and weight loss. Lungs' ability to process air got compromised over time.

Following medications are prescribed by the doctor

Inhaler when needed

Nitroglycerin to decrease the pressure of fluid in lungs

Urinary catheter to help with excessive urination

Morphine to relieve anxiety and shortness of breath

Fexofenadine to relieve tightness of chest

The extended details of Medications, Pharmacodynamics, and route of administration, side effects, adverse reactions, and drug interactions are below in the table.

Pharmacology and the associated Side and adverse effects of drugs

This summarizes how the medication nitroglycerin decreases the volume of water in lungs and how the administration of it can create a fussy vision accompanied with fussy tiredness resulting in the weakness of the patient. And how its excessive use and abuse can cause the inflammation of pancreas leading to a condition named acute pancreatitis, which needs immediate medical attention.

The table also summarizes the function of morphine, and its role in reducing the depression. As it's known everything has its limitation as well, same goes for the medicines where patients with frequent vomiting and abdominal discomfort are contraindicated with the use of this medicine. And where the abuse of this drug cause sexual difficulties as well.

Where fexofenadine is anti-allergic, it may be able to produce tightness of the chest, which causes the patient to take short breath, with frequent episodes of vomiting. Such a patient often complains about the dizziness. This drug is capable of producing systemic anaphylaxis where the patient can die if not treated immediately.

Medications

Pharmacodynamics

Route

Side effects

Adverse effects

Drug interactions

Inhaler

Helps breathing

Oral

Increased heartbeat and muscle spasms

Not any

Antidepressants

Nitroglycerin

Reduces water in lungs

Oral

Dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort

Fainting, and irregular heartbeat.

Cometriq, cidofovir, ketorolac, Jantoven (warfarin)

Fexofenadine

Antihistamine reduces the effects of histamine in the body.

Oral

Chest tightness, shortness of breath, vomiting, dizziness

Dysnenorrehea, systemic anaphylaxis, Myalgia

Accupril (quinapril), eltrombopag, eltrombopag, rifampin

Morphine

To alleviate depression and muscle tension

Oral

Dizziness, sleepiness, and shortness of breath

Lightheadedness, sexual impairment, and difficulty in higher brain functions

Propoxyphene, tramadol, alvimopan

Initial Medication

Two drugs were administered initially when the patient was diagnosed with chronic pulmonary edema, and they were namely nitroglycerine and morphine in order to remove water from his lungs, and help with depression respectively. The patient reported that he was suffering from shortness of breath, and therefore, the physician prescribed inhaler along with inhaler so that the subject can have help in respiring.

Physical Examination

On examination following observations were noted.

A high fever of 101oF

Pale appearance

Physically weak

Alert and good reflexes

He explained as if he is having flu

Ear, lips, teeth were all normal

Tachycardia was observed (high rate of heart beat; 110 beats per minutes)

Lymph nodes after examination were shown to be enlarged and swelled.

Neurological checkup was non-focal.

Interview and the interventions; an analysis of patient's knowledge about CLL