Leaders How Did These Eight Leaders (George

Leaders

How did these eight leaders (George Washington, Socrates, Mary Baker, Carl Stotz, Martha Graham, Martin Luther King Jr., Cesare Borgia and Dorothy Day) challenge, shape, and/or change history

All of these leaders played an important part in changing and shaping history. George Washington, Socrates and Martin Luther King Jr. all transformed the way nations as well people looked at themselves. This was achieved by each of these men standing up for their causes no matter what. These sacrifices set the examples for others to follow in the future. (Berens, 2006) (Willis, 1995)

At the same time, there are those individuals who had an impact on addressing various social challenges. Some examples of this include: Mary Baker, Carl Stotz, Martha Graham and Dorothy Day. They established various leagues / societies or they had profound effect on questioning how everyone looked at social issues. This created a change in the way different collective challenges were dealt with over the long-term. (Berens, 2006) (Willis, 1995)

Cesare Borgia made a difference by showing how to exercise and maintain power. This occurred, while coming from an affluent background and wanting to serve the interests of the church. As a result, he was focused on improving the Catholic Church's influence. This reshaped society, by giving them more dominance in the lives of ordinary people across Europe. (Bradford, 2011)

What were their primary successes?

In the case of George Washington, he was an outstanding military tactician and commander. What he learned throughout the course of his life helped to create a number of successes for him. A few of the most notable include: the ability to lead British forces in America during the French Indian War, Commander of the Continental Army and the first President of the United States. Socrates created a new way of thinking and analyzing the world around us. Mary Baker was the founder of the Christian Science Church. Carl Stotz established little league baseball. Martha Graham had an impact on modern dance and the kinds of techniques that are utilized. Martin Luther King Jr. challenged the policies of segregation and changed the way society looked at itself. Cesare Borgia helped to secure the Catholic Church's influence in Southern Europe. This prevented the Moors from creating a fundamentalist Islamic kingdom. Dorothy Day established the Catholic Worker Movement. (Berens, 2006) (Willis, 1995) (Bradford, 2011)

In what ways did they fail?

The way the George Washington failed, is he was not able to completely unite the country after independence. This occurred during the American Civil War by addressing the issues of slavery and equality. Socrates failed to convince his fellow citizens of Athens of his innocence and was subsequently executed. Mary Baker faced divisions in the church with many questioning her views. Carl Stotz failed to keep the little league at a certain size. This led to his departure as commissioner. Martha Graham's biggest set backs were her alcoholism and depression. During a manic episode, is when she tried to unsuccessfully commit suicide. (Berens, 2006) (Willis, 1995) (Bradford, 2011)