De Industrialization and Public Health Behaviors

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between coal mining history, socio-economic impacts, and public health responses in Wales and Appalachia, with a specific focus on Covid-19 vaccination behaviors and attitudes. The study drew on survey data from 4187 participants in Wales and 4864 in Appalachia, as well as in-depth qualitative interviews. The research categorized regions based on their historical engagement with coal mining and focused on vaccination rates, confidence, and hesitancy to describe public health in post-industrial communities.

The findings show disparity in health behaviors and attitudes between areas with a considerable coal mining legacy and those without. Regions where mines have closed since 1979 or before 1960 exhibit lower vaccination rates, diminished vaccine confidence, heightened Covid scepticism, and a stronger inclination towards vaccine individualism. This pattern is consistent across both Welsh and Appalachian communities.

Qualitative interviews support these quantitative insights, showing that vaccinated individuals frequently contextualize their health choices within a legacy of community solidarity and collective action, a sentiment rooted in the regions’ rich trade union history. Conversely, unvaccinated individuals tend to frame their health decisions as rational, individual choices, revealing a more individualistic ethos.