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Integrated Theory
Sexual assault is an assault which is of a sexual nature done on another person either of the same of different sex. It also includes any form of sexual act that is committed without the consent of the person. Although in most cases, sexual assault is done by a man on a woman but in some cases, it has been documented to also be done by several men, women or children on men and children also Openshaw et al., 1993()
Prevalence
In the U.S. alone, about 300,000 cases of rape of women are reported every year. Additionally, 3.7 million women are usually subjected to other forms of unwilling sexual activity. There are also another 80,000 children in America who are abused sexually every year. Estimates by help agencies say that about one in every six American women has experienced sexual assault or will experience sexual assault at least once in their lives. Also, as a result of child and prison rape, roughly 10% of the reported victims of rape are men Bonnar-Kidd, 2010()
Theories of sexual assault
There are several theories which try to explain sexual assault. The first is the psychopathology model which states that rapists are mentally ill and that they have some sort of chemical imbalance since they are not able to control their own sexual impulses. This theory states that sexual assault is as a result of some sort of psychological illness in the perpetrators of the act Konradi, 1993()
The psychopathology...
The activists behind this had found out that the prevalence of sexual assault was increasing and that the offenders were not necessarily mentally ill. This led to the abandonment of the psychopathology model Horley, 1988()
The second theory is that which states that since men are unable to control their own sexual desires, they end up committing sexual assault. This theory continues to state that it is the work of the women to avoid provoking men into raping them. Therefore, the women need to dress appropriately and with decency in order to avoid provoking any thoughts of promiscuity in the man. The theory states that there is true and false rape. True rape is whereby the men rape the women without being provoked but false rape is whereby the man was provoked through the dressing of the woman to rape her Byers, 1988()
The third theory creates a relationship between sexual assault and patriarchy. This theory was put forward by Susan Brownmiller in her book, Against Our Will, which was first published in the year 1975. The theory states that sexual assault occurs as a result of men using it as a tool or intimidation in order to gain control and to insubordinate the status of the women in the society. This theory disagrees with the other two theories above since it states that sexual…
Bibliography of Scholarly References, 1970-1992. Family Relations, 42(2), 222-226.
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The theory is also highly generalizable, as it can be applied to truly any body of knowledge yet is especially suited for nursing knowledge, which occurs along common lines throughout the profession (Chinn & Kramer, 2008; Fawcett et al., 2001). At the same time, the theory is quite abstract, and implementation can be difficult without a great deal of self-awareness, self-confidence, and a thorough understanding of the non-concrete and
CBT integrates theory, i.e. The tenets of psychotherapy, with practical, behavior modification exercises. This, in turn, creates real tangible results. As Cooper writes, "If, on the one hand, you look at the particular therapies that have been shown to be effective for particular psychological problems -- as advocates of empirically supported treatments have done -- there is no question that the evidence base is strongest for CBT. While, for
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Theory & Context: Public Administration and the Rule of Law The purpose of this study is to integrate the arguments including the strengths and weaknesses of the works of Lynn (2009), Moynihan (2009) and Rosenbloom (1992) and to compare and contrast these works. Rosenbloom (1992) in the work entitled "The Constitution As a Basis for Public Administration Ethics" wrote that public administrators and government officials are under an expectation to "adhere