Learning Theories and Pyramid

Maslow's Hierarchy The below triangle and framework has been in place since the 1940's. It was first put forth in 1943 and was later updated, also by Maslow, a little over a decade later in 1954. The triangle or pyramid is constructed in such a way that the more "basic" and major needs are lower down the chain and the lesser but yet still worthy of mention needs are higher up. Indeed, basic needs, like the first two levels mentioned, are going to go get the most attention from any given person.

However, the needs that are higher up the pyramid will get attention as well. The idea is that, to one degree or another, all of the needs on the pyramid influence our motivation or actions to one degree or another. Physiological There are five different needs when it comes to the Maslow hierarchy. They are depicted in picture form via a triangle. They range from the bottom needs, which are the basic ones, to the higher ones which are, in order, psychological and self-fulfillment.

The bottom layer of the pyramid is that of physiological needs. These include the "basic" needs of a person including food, water, warmth and rest. In a modern context, this would refer to having a house or apartment to live in, food and water within that house or apartment and a bed or somewhere else to sleep at night.

An example of someone who is lacking when it comes to this need would be someone that is sleeping on the couches or guest beds of other people and that is having to borrow at least somewhat when it comes to food, water or other needs (LT, 2017). Safety The second layer of the pyramid is also among the basic needs section of the pyramid and those would be safety needs. The items that would be included in that section are other basic needs like security and safety.

This second layer is obviously related to the first one but it is still a bit different. Indeed, there might be places where there is a bed, food and water but are lacking when it comes to safety. An apartment in a high-crime area might technically fulfill the first need but simply not get the job done when it comes to the second level.

A different but related example would be if there is an abusive person such as a partner in the home or apartment in question as identified from the first level. Again, a bed, food and water might be present but that might be ruined or compromised by someone that is present that thus endangers the security and safety of the person that is seeking those basic needs.

A third and final example would be a child that has a home and food/water but that has to endure parents fighting, abuse from those parents, neglect from those parents (up to and including endangerment of the first level of Maslow) and so on (BBC, 2013). Love/Belonging The third layer from the bottom on the Maslow triangle is also the first one in the psychological tier and that would be the needs of belongingness and love. These include the intimate relationships and friends of the person involved.

One might see the pattern developing that adjacent parts of the triangle are very much related in terms of what make them up and how the absence or pollution of one may lead to other issues with the adjacent layer. This can very much be seen with belongingness and love. Basic safety and security with the people (if any) that one lives with and that is otherwise around. However, many people are completely focused as well on things like being loved and feeling as if they belong.

To see the distinction here, one can compare living with or interacting with a roommate as compared to interacting with a family member or partner. In the first scenario, the two happen to live together but the bond beyond that is probably not all that significant. However, with the second example, there is obviously a blood, love or other firm connection between the two.

An important distinction and middle ground between those two levels comes from when one is considering a family or partner relationship is there but the love and belongingness is missing, for whatever reason. For example, if there is a married couple but they are separated, that would be an example where love and belongingness are missing or at least deficient. Another example would be two family members that live apart and that have fallen out of contact.

Indeed, having an ostensible bond and seeing that bond be broken or otherwise affected leads to issues that can easily be correlated to motivation and other subjects within the Maslow hierarchy (EPI, 2017). Esteem The fourth layer of the triangle is the other half of the psychological needs and that would be esteem needs. These include prestige and feeling of accomplishment, at a high level.

TO use the more original and complete definition as originally given by Maslow, this level would include achievement, mastery, independence, status, dominance, respect from others, respect for one's self and prestige. As one can see here, there is a further pushing out from one's self and immediate needs with a heightened focus on how other people outside of the immediate sphere of the person that is in question.

Indeed, there is a focus on how other perceive and recognize the person and how that same person perceives themselves in reaction to that recognition (or lack thereof) and about one's self (CM, 2017). Self-Actualization Finally, there is the top part of the triangle and that is the self-fulfillment part. There is only one section to this part of the triangle and that would be self-actualization. The meaning of this part of the triangle would be achieving one's full potential. That would include the use and application of one's creative activities.

A fleshing out of what all this layer means would obviously be instructed. They include the full realization of personal potential, self-fulfillment, the seeking and finding of personal growth and peak experiences one one's life. Once again, this is a building upon what is seen and discussed in the prior layer and it is yet again expanded in size and scope.

In this case, the interaction seen with other people is important but the primary focus, as is the case with the entire model, is how one feels about one's self in reaction and relation to what is going on in the world around them (CM, 2017). Other Layers Even though the most prominent and well-known parts of the triangle are only five in number, there have been others layers of the triangle and pyramid over time.

Maslow himself did this in 1970 and the triangle was expanded to seven and then eight layers. The first four layers from the bottom remained the same. However, self-actualization was shifted to layer 7 with two new ones added in between esteem and self-actualization. Finally, there was an eight layer added at the very top, that being transcendence needs. Cognitive Needs Within the eight-layer pyramid, the fifth layer becomes cognitive needs. This refers to things like knowledge and understanding, curiosity about thing, the need for meaning and the need for predictability.

This is sort of an extension of safety and security but it also builds on the esteem needs discussed on the fourth layer. Indeed, people seek to know and understand what is going on around them, why things happen as they do and so forth. Predictability refers to the idea that there is a pattern and sameness to their experience. Having a basic pattern to one's life leads to the idea that the person knows what is coming and this tends to soothe them and keep them calm.

Not having that predictably would be chaos and other issues and this can, by itself, lead to a lack of peace and calm since the predictability is missing. In short, there are people that equate safety and security to the idea that they know they are safe, they know what is coming and they are prepared in case there are any issues, for the most part (McLeod, 2016). Aesthetic Needs This need becomes the sixth in the revised pyramid and refers to the appreciation and seeking of beauty in life.

Further, there is a need to seek balance and form when it comes to this need. Some good examples would be liking to go to an art museum or.