Climate change impacts on tourism infrastructure and demand

Climate Change -- Chapter Hall

Effect Of Climate Change On Tourism

Effects of Climate Change on Tourism

What are the potential impacts of climate change on tourism?

Climate leads to increased intensity and frequency of extreme storms, flooding and other unpredictable weather conditions. The result is the destruction of tourist facilities like residential areas and the attractive scenery become inaccessible. Tourists also face higher insurance costs and interruption costs due to loss of insurability (Schweiger, Ringo & Gonzales, 2006). In some cases, weather adversities lead to increased evaporation and reduced precipitation in various regions. This causes the shortage of water resources in various tourist facilities and other sectors, desertification and increased wildfires. This threatens the infrastructure and affects demand in this sector.

Why climate change is a greater security threat than terrorism?

Unfavorable climatic conditions such as extreme heat and continuous rainfall cause drastic implications to tourism as compared to terrorism. Tourism demand studies engage consumer price indexes in establishing a destination country that reflects relative prices in foreign services and goods while tourists make purchases in a destination country (Mart?'n, 2005). Harsh climatic conditions lead to relative prices inducing relativity in costs of services and goods that tourists pay in substantiating, entertainment, food, local transportation and accommodation.

3. Explain the relationships between environmental security and defense security

Environmental security refers to efforts and strategies geared towards protecting the environment against harm. Defense security refers to all activities involves in physical protection against external aggressors. The two are closely related when policymakers draws laws to ensure that the environment is protected from human activities.

4. Who are ecological refugees?

Ecological refugees have the preference in visiting countries with high per capita incomes because of better tourist facilities and the higher standard of accommodation. They prefer visiting destinations with low poverty levels. The tourism demand functions show that income within source countries is included within critical explanatory variables (Mart?'n, 2005).

5. What elements of climate influence tourism? Explain.

The increase in heavy precipitation frequencies in various regions is also harmful (Schweiger, Ringo & Gonzales, 2006). Flooding also causes damage to most historic cultural and architectural assets, tourism infrastructure and altered seasonality for beaches, biodiversity and river flow. Sea level rise is experienced through coastal erosion, beach area loss, and higher protection and maintenance costs for waterfronts as well as sea defenses. High sea surface temperature leads to increased coral bleaching and aesthetic and marine resource degradation in snorkel and dive destinations (Hall & Higham, 2007).

6. The paper argues that climate is a tourism resource.

Over the years, variances in climate have been a critical economic source of growth within different tourism sectors in the world. These results in shorter winter sports seasons, lack of snow for winter sports destinations, increased snowmaking costs, and reduced landscape aesthetics (Hall & Higham, 2007). The cost estimation is undertaken within tourism benefit from national-specific data in extreme sea level, and events rise through climate change. Governments are keen to examine the climate change impacts on tourism sector across the region. Operating prices are engaged in evaluating proxy travel expenses resulting from the unavailability of more travel cost data in the specified period. The variables in that are highly correlated with a priority of income variables of positive association with tourism demand. The CPI variable determines oil prices against the existing climate variables that have negative relationships with overall tourism market (Schweiger, Ringo & Gonzales, 2006).

9. Discuss how climate change impacts tourism in the American West

In the American West, changes in marine and terrestrial biodiversity have translated into losses in species and natural attractions from destinations as well as higher risk of diseases within tropical-subtropical countries. The high levels of frequencies and significant forest fires caused loss of natural attractions, the increment of flooding risks and damaged tourism infrastructure (Schweiger, Ringo & Gonzales, 2006).

10. The video talks about climate change adaptations in general.

First, it is important for policymakers and governments to be involved in processes at early stages through environmental climate change. Second, agencies should avail relevant meteorological data and costing figures in the existing studies are to be used in ensuring that climate variables can be considered and included within tourism policies (Mart?'n, 2005). Thirdly, media should market travel as an inexpensive activity in low-income countries for purposes of generating higher numbers of travelers. Lastly, governments should contain transportation costs through measuring costs of return airline tickets between the destination and source countries as used in various tourism demand studies (Hall & Higham, 2007).