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¶ … Men vs. Women' -- Nonverbal communication and the egg meeting the sperm
One need look no father than the bookshelves that proclaim men are from Mars, Women are from Venus to see the point-of-view of Emily Martin advocated in her essay "The Egg and the Sperm: How Science Has Constructed a Romance Based on Stereotypical Male-Female Roles." Although readers may like to think of science as objective in its categories, in fact, beginning a study by looking at men and women as the absolute categories of human sexual nature is itself biased, Martin suggests. The language of biological texts is equally as coded between activity and passivity, sperm vs. egg, just as subjective as the language that 'sees' certain planets as male or female.
Scientific language is human created, and it both affects and reflects the way we think about gender. Even in a female-created and directed study such as Monica M. Moore's (1995) "Nonverbal Courtship Patterns in Women: Context and Consequences." Moore defines, for example, distinctly male attention as aggressively approaching the female subject, talking to the woman in question, leaning toward the female and moving closer to her, asking the female subject to dance, touching her, or kissing the woman, all in a fashion that stresses the male as predator and the female subject as a kind of prey, or at very least a passive object.
The study could have been reconfigured, true, to view the behavior of the male, but still the fundamental categories of the study of male vs. female would have been encoded in the biases of the observer. Even before the experiment began, as even before the subject of the sperm and egg are viewed (or Mars and Venus) subjectivity is encoded in the language of classification, experimental definitions, and thus the scientist's study behaviors. Thus, one must not merely pause before one picks up John Gray's latest offering in the self-help section of the Men are from Mars, Women are From Venus series, but even when one reads a scientific periodical of reputable status.
Works Cited
Gray, John. Men are from Mars, Women are From Venus. New York: HarperCollins, 1992.
Martin, Emily. (1991) "The Egg and the Sperm: How Science Has Constructed a Romance Based on Stereotypical Male-Female Roles" Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 16 (3): 485-501.
Moore, Monica M. (1995) "Nonverbal Courtship Patterns in Women: Context and Consequences."
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