Moby-Dick, the 1851 novel by Herman Melville, tells a tale of a fanatical Captain expedition for reprisal on a strange whale, which robbed him of his legs. Captain Ahab's pursuit for revenge becomes a fatal and a bitter failure. The self-asserted speaker, Ishmael, signs with Ahab's ship and offer the reader an analysis of the events that takes place besides providing information about the whale's anatomy. In every chapter of the novel, the reader unveils something regarding the temperament of man and his relationship to the nature. The story explores the different links between nature and man. The desire to take revenge against the whale represents one of the negative links between nature and man. Besides, Ahab and the whale, other characters in the narrative appear to hold different means of comprehending and living in the natural world. Some of these characters depict deference for the strength of nature; others are in trepidation of nature while others view nature as an assortment of resources usable for profit. Apparently, nature is crucial and dominant, hence an unconquerable character in the novel. From this prospect, this paper explores the relation between man and nature besides underscoring how nature displays a strong force in the novel. The focus of the paper will be achieved through ascertaining the similarities between Job and Ahab/Ishmael in their refusal and acceptance of supernatural powers, and how vacillating hand of fate contributed in developing the plot of the story.
Moby Dick and Nature, How Nature Displays an Indomitable Force
Moby-Dick provides different conducts of human beings towards nature. Melville presents a sea animals' world with a white whale as the focus of the narrative and a society represented through the Pequod. Through underlining the conflict between the Pequod, and the white whale, the author of the novel makes a unique, thorough and intensive check out into the link amid human beings and nature. The different attributes and behaviors of the main characters and diverse ethical ideas demonstrated through these characters highlight the relationship between man and nature.
Ishmael and Captain Ahab different fates help the reader in discovering Melville's ethical leaning. Captain Ahab is a tragic hero and the conflict between Ahab and Moby-Dick sets off the reader's tension. Some innermost motive on nature makes an irreconcilable contraction between Moby-Dick and Ahab. The tragedy of Ahab represents human failures against nature while the survival Ishmael represents conquest of the pleasant link between nature and human beings. Moby-Dick inspires the environmental responsiveness of man and empowers humankind to shun anthropocentrism, but instead respect life and nature.
There are numerous insanely destructive opponents in the novel; an oilman, an island property developer, or a thief after a ship filled with gold (Melville 6). All these aspects place an increased value on material belongings and money compared to loyalty and human life. However, the only revenge that takes place is that of human beings against a wounded white whale. As a result, the roles of the whale and Ahab are inverted. Even one ethical character, Rick Mason, in commiseration with the whale, is eventually decapitated through Hook Jaw. However, the major theme of man against nature and the unavoidable conquest of natural force over human antagonism remain pertinent in the impressive and violent narrative. Melville places nature as a strapping character that displays an unconquerable role and force in the novel.
Nature as a Character in the Novel
Moby-Dick is a heroic book, but what concerns Melville is not the heroism that is expressed through physical actions. Instead, Melville is concerned with the heroism of thought itself as it extends beyond its ostensible proclaims and insignificance, in the very teeth of the a presumably malevolent and hostile creation, that human's voice is used for something against the deep and watery waste that the concepts of man plays a major role in the world. While this is the expedition of the novel, what makes it so fascinating and uncanny is its depiction of nature. The novel highlights the struggle man labors to achieve meaning in nature, and the unresponsiveness of nature itself that eludes man.
Nature in Moby-Dick refers to the completely external show and force of animate life in a world drastically emptied of God or a place where an insubstantial malignity has take control form the start (Bloom 120). Melville highlights the struggle from the nature's side. He considers the whale's perspective of things better than he does Ahab's view of things; and Moby-Dick's milk-white; the tail feathers of the sea birds flowing from his back like pennons are defined with an ecstasy similar to adulation of a god. Even in the most dreadful scenes of the whale massacre, where the whales change direction like bows to crunch into their own entrails, one confirms that Harman is taken through the bare reality of things. The grand unrelenting flow of creation itself, where the immense mantle of the sea rolls over the disaster-prone ship makes the reader to feel that it is only the requisite to keep one individual alive as a witness to the tale that saves Ishmael from the general wreck and ruin.
In Harman's final vision of the entire story, it is not reasonable but it is just that the whale should damage the ship, and that man should get caught up by the beast. It is just in a cosmic manner, not in the sense that the prophet envisages the punishment of disobedience of man through narrating the story of Jonah from the start, where the made point is the archetypal reproof of God to man when He speaks out of the cyclone. Harman speaks for the cyclone for the watery waste, for the whales. This aspect offers Moby-Dick its crushing and appalling power. Through the story, Melville makes the reader feel that he, as a writer, understands what it is like to be in the rock's eyes, the whale's magnitude, the scalding sea and the visions that lie covered in the pacific. Of course, all is viewed through human eyes, but there is a cold, ferocious, despondency, a type of euphoric masochism that find pleasure in punishing a human being in drowning him or loading coals on his head. This is evidenced in the panorama of the whale loping through the herd with a cutting spade in his body, slashing down his own.
The spirited force of nature is also evident in the horrific picture of Pip, the cabin boy hopping out of the boat in panic and left on the Pacific to go crazy (Melville 8). It is also evident in Tashtego falling into the whale's honey head and in the final awesome image of the whale butting its head against the Pequod. In all the mentioned scenes, there is elation in horror, the revulsion of nature itself, pure nature in absence of God or man. Pure nature is represented through the whiteness of the strange whale, the whiteness that is not so much of a color as the lack of color. The whiteness mirrors the pitiless voids and vastness of the world, and hence stubs people from behind with annihilation concept while considering the white pits of the milky path. Through this subsistence image, man holds the mystery's peep-hole that comprises of the most incredible accomplishment of Harman's genius.
With regard to the contemplation of the whale's whiteness, it becomes a strange trial to understand nature as it might be viewed with human being completely left alone. Man loses his humanity and becomes receptive to primitive actions. This understanding of reality besides the capacity to choose nature instead of man suggests the capacity to support what hold no animation, what is inhumanly still, what does not search like man who is a hero lopping against time and struggling against reality. Harman views nature as its ear to reality: to the rock instead of a hero struggling to get his weapon out of the rock. Harman repeatedly highlights the power of nature and compare human beings with the grand thing that he is trying to understand. While Ahab is a hero, he tries to force himself on what he cannot control, nature.
Harman believes that man is presumptuous, puny and easily overpowered in the grand storm of reality that he tries to include as a character in the novel (Bloom 122). This sense of scale depends on the chapters of the whale's natural history, and behind the continuous attraction on human minds of the differences between the whale and man; a man sailing a small boat and get overpowered by his own arms (Melville 4). Ahab get challenged and overpowered by nature despite his fight back to demonstrate his pre-eminence over the normal procedures of nature. His struggle becomes blasphemous and the only thing man can do is to take the span of the enormity of nature and record the power of the might inundation.
The hero in the novel tries to defy and master nature through an attempt to understand external nature via physical assault and through industrial and scientific cunning. However, man does not find his link to nature as a hero or through regarding the prophetic admonition of human being's apposite subservice to God. Even though all the attempted benefits from nature fails man and he falls with the Pequod, man is not a thing in the world, but an ear that listens to the sea that drowns him, and an imaginative mind that hears the sea in the shell. In a man's unresting and implausible, there is a fantastic gift which he enters into what is not his, what functions against him, nature, and through this nature he can speak and act. Ishmael's greater understanding operates principally to point out the inadequacies of other men's attitudes especially that of Ahab. Ishmael is incapable of hearing any immortal voices behind him. Notwithstanding how constantly man seeks within his mind or world to comprehend the temperament of God, and so to understand the temperament of his own flawed subsistence within a mostly dark world, he realizes that higher truths remains indefinite. He cannot explain why his world is increasingly dark, and why the complete man encounters more grief than joy. In a dark world where prospect hold the final featuring blow to all events, God remains, enigmatic, as Ishmael states.
Similarities between Ahab and Moby Dick
After repeated fearless assaults, the White Whale escapes alive. Some whalemen goes further to declare Moby Dick as an immortal person who would swim unharmed even with groves of spears put into his flanks. His incontestable character strikes the imagination of the atypical power. Throughout the novel, Harman highlights Ahab's restrained awareness through constantly calling the reader's attention to the similarities between Moby Dick and Ahab. Overlooking the similarities between Moby Dick and Ahab triggers readers to mistakenly view that Moby Dick personifies some grand evil in the world or some indifferent, damaging force of nature against which Ahab is fighting (Melville 4).
Both Moby Dick and Ahab are cruel towards each other. For instance, before Moby Dick bites off Ahab's leg, Ahab seizes a line-knife from his destroyed whaleboat and stabs Moby Dick. Ahab and Moby Dick demonstrate corporal animosity towards each other. Moby Dick experiences sudden passionate corporal animosity towards people trying to destroy him, specifically the person stabbing him with a six-inch knife. Both the whale and Ahab hold comparable physical aspects of humped backs, wrinkled brows and they display unconquerable powers and similar emotions as they challenge each other. Even though, Ahab has been taken disapprovingly because of his morbid temperament, which drives him to see the dark side of his world, just like Moby Dick, he is a powerful pageant creature. This is because of his effort to reach beyond this oceanic world of indefinite truths
Examination of the similarities between Ahab and Moby Dick relates to the evaluation of the concept of the self and the other. There are numerous cases of this type of relationship in the context of the novel such as Ishmael and Queequeg, Christians and pagans, and Ahab and Starbuck. The onset of this relationship and challenge in the development of the plot is the failure of Ahab to see Moby Dick in him. In the early chapters of the, the narrator indicates that Ahab loses his leg to Moby Dick. This is to the development of the aspect that Ahab was the victim of a malicious and vicious animal in relation to the views of the narrator. By the end of chapter 36, the narrator demonstrates Ahab as an obsessed man with the motive of destroying Moby Dick. This is through illustration of elements of madness by Ahab upon sunset. A reflection of the level of influence in which Moby Dick had in him limiting his ability to sleep.
There is a reflection of developed feelings by Ahab to the whale in relation to the actions or encounters between the two features. The narrator adopts and integrates an effective element in the illustration of the whale as a dangerous and violent animal, but limits accessibility of this information to Ahab who might manipulate the knowledge to justify his actions. There is a similarity in the vicious acts by Moby Dick and Ahab in the sense that the whale snatches Radney from his ship to below the ocean surface. This makes the relationship between the two 'self and the other' since Moby Dick is depicted in the form of Ahab through vicious and violent actions.
Similarities between Job and Ahab/Ishmael in their acceptance and refusal of supernatural forces
Job, Ahab, and Ishmael are three different and similar kinds of characterizations in relation to the development of the plot. Ishmael is central to the development of the plot despite the fact that minimal information is provided to the reader in relation to the features or traits of the character. The readers have the information that Ishmael has gone to the see following deep spiritual malaise. It is also essential to integrate the aspect of the attempted suicide in the form of the whales aboard. Ishmael believes that individuals who aboard a whaling ship are lost to the world thus the acceptance of the aspect of the supernatural forces. It is ideal to note that Ishmael is a well educated and intelligent person despite believing in the whaling ship as his Yale College and Harvard. This is a reflection of a self-taught renaissance man thus good for everything but committed to nothing in relation to the development of the plot or the novel.
The mythical aspects of the novel make it ideal for the author/narrator of the story to be considered an enigma in the development of the story. This is because not all content of the story depends on fate and supernatural needs for the realization of perfection in the development of the plot and characterization. Ishmael is also essential in the presentation of the contradiction between the story and its relevant settings. The author of the novel succeeds in the development of a complicated story set in largely uneducated working-class men such as Ishmael thus the creation of real characters rather than instruments of Melville. The main objective of the author is to integrate aspects of intellect and experience in the development of the plot and characters in the play.
On the other hand, there is a presentation of a man of God in the Book of Job known as Job. Job is character in the book that undergoes various temptations from Satan with the intention of testing his belief in God. Job experiences great deal of suffering for unknown reasons because of his inability to comprehend the operations of God and his powers. Job loses his livestock and children in the course of the temptation but still focuses on the promotion of his faith in the unseen being. In the evaluation of similarities and differences between Ishmael and Job, it is ideal to understand the source and focus of their beliefs in the development of the plots of various stories.
Job believes and accepts aspects of supernatural forces as the cause of his problems. This relates to his undisputed faith in the Supreme Being as evident in the book of Job in the Holy Bible. In this case, it is noted that Job believes in the existence of God despite having not met him in any real encounter. He also acknowledges the fact that he lacks the experience in understanding the power and operation of God in dealing with human beings. Despite this essence, he still believes in the supernatural powers or forces. On the other hand, Ishmael believes in the whaling ship on the sea as an essential component in committing suicide for the people lost in the world. This is a reflection of acceptance of the forces of nature by Job and Ishmael. Whaling ship and the Supreme Being are forces of nature expressing various believe by Ishmael and Job in the context of the two stories.
Another aspect in the illustration of the acceptance of the natural forces in the story of Job and Ishmael is the belief in the concept of Sheol. Job requests God to send him to the deep place of death in order to avoid his massive suffering in the story. This is a reflection of the belief in the place he has never encountered in real life. It is ideal to note that the deep place of death is comparable to the whaling ship as the place where dead people go after they live the real life. This is a similarity between the two characters in relation to the two stories. It is critical to note that there are various differences in the acceptance or refusal in relation to the forces of nature by Job and Ishmael. Ishmael believes in fate while Job believes in the works of God and other forces of nature.
According to this illustration, it is essential to note that Ishmael believes in the case of the natural forces such as the sea and the whaling ship. Ishmael also believes in fate as the main determination of the life experience of an individual. This makes him to move to the sea to aboard the whaling ship under the interpretation of the call of nature. It is also critical to understand that Job, in the other story, does not believe in fate, but believes that everything occurs for a reason. This differentiation is vital in understanding of the characters in the development of the plot for the two stories.
How fickle hand of fate seems to lend a hand to the story of Moby Dick
Fate plays a critical role in the development of the plot of the novel, Moby-Dick. This is through determination of the concept of characterization and interactions within the play. Most of the characters in the story believe in the aspect of fate as the determination of the life experience and encounters thus a vital theme in the narration of the story. The narration by Ishmael adopts and integrates numerous aspects and references to fate. These references of fate to the narration by Ishmael are essential in the creation or development of the impression that Pequod's doom is inevitable. Most of the sailors in the development of the story illustrate their belief in the aspect of prophecies (Thompson 398). This represents that ability to integrate their feelings and norms into believing in the prophecies of future events. In the course of this approach, most sailors proclaim to have the ability and capacity to foretell the future.
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