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Thus, German nationalism and the German nation-state came into being, an entity that existed well into the 19th century.
Similarly, the nation of Italy was highly influenced by the events of the French Revolution of 1789 and the outbreak of war between France and Austria in 1793. During this time, a number of important changes occurred within Italy, most of which like Germany were filled with violence and destruction, all in the name of nationalism and national sovereignty. Following Napoleon's military triumphs in late 1796, various northern Italian cities attempted to organize themselves into republics, cities like Bologna, Milan and Genoa, but with the Peace of Campo Formio with Austria in 1797, France gained control of all northern Italy with the exception of Venice which experienced the collapse of its independence and liberty.
Under the influence of Napoleon and his generals, much of Italy was re-structured into a form of republicanism, but in 1799, Austrian and Russian armies, along with peasants and some members of the clergy, drove the French out of Italy, but by 1800, Napoleon had defeated the Austrians and recaptured most of northern Italy. However, this particular political order did not last long, for after the fall of Napoleon in 1815, the Congress of Vienna restored the old order which...
Most crucial was the development of the foundation for the nationalistic Italian middle class, most closely affiliated with such figures as Luigi Zamboni and Emmanuel de Deo. At this time, two aspects became very clear to the Italian people, namely, that foreign domination was nearing its climax and that a great movement toward nationalism was well underway.
In the early years of the 19th century, Italian nationalism reached its apex through the unification of the country and the establishment of the modern state of Italy. This period has come to be known as risorgimento or "the awakening" which now refers to the development of a national consciousness. However, due to the effects and influence of the Congress of Vienna, Italian nationalism seemed a very remote possibility, but with the ascendancy of Guiseppe Mazzini who is now considered as the father of the Italian nation, the concept of risorgimento took on new meaning and brought the idea of a united Italy onto the political and social…
In fact, the superficiality of nation-statehood is merely presumed. There is no concrete reason to question the organic nature of the nation-state. The nation-state emerged on the heels of the Enlightenment (Anderson). Historians cannot escape writing natural histories; writing natural histories is certainly preferable to penning unnatural histories. In Korea, "through the practice of state-sponsored rituals, the building of monuments, and the compilations of official histories, narratives about the collective
First, six countries (including France and Germany, significantly) signed the Coal and Steel Treaty, which meant that no country could never develop enough military power on their own to mount an invasion of another, this preserving each state and nation in Europe (Europa 2009). The Council of Europe also emerged as an entity in the West (the part of Europe not under Soviet control) that increased political and economic
Competition Aside the need to deal with a shifting workforce, human resource management is impacted by globalization in yet another means. Globalization has allowed corporations to transcend boundaries and benefit from the comparative advantage of countries -- generally cost effective labor force, but also technological superiority or an abundance of natural resources. This increased access to resources further enhanced production capabilities, access to customers and finally, competition. The modern day business
Given that Christianity tended to view history as progressive, and Christ's sacrifice and the event of Christendom being the ultimate apex of earlier civilization, the past was often seen as an inferior precursor to the present in a particularly judgmental light -- hence the persecution of certain groups as infidels and outsiders. It is the historian and the anthropologist's duty to unpack such cultural assumptions and to view the world
Nations and Nationalism Exist: Comparison of the Work of Laitin, Geertz, Hobsbawn, and Anderson The objective of this study is to compare the work of Laitin, Geertz, Hobsbawn, and Anderson and to answer as to which argument is the most persuasive for why nations and nationalism exist. Definition of 'Nation' Anderson (1991) defines the concept of nation to be such that results in theorists of nationalism being perplexed by three specific paradoxes
Israel has a long standing history of conflicts of a religious nature with the Palestinians, but also with Lebanon and other Middle Eastern states; despite the numerous attempts at peace, armed conflicts still occur; this brings instability and fear not only in the political and civilian life, but also to business operations 4. Conclusion Similar to any other global region, Israel is characterized by both opportunities, as well as threats. The