Nursing Care and Nursing

Madeleine Leineger's Cultural Care Theory Theories are made of interrelated ideas that systematically give a systematic view about a certain phenomenon (an event or fact that is observable) that can, then, be predicted, and explained. Theories entail definitions, concepts, propositionspropositions, and models. Theories are created on the basis of assumptions. There are two ways in which theories are derived; inductive and deductive reasoning. The theory of nursing is meant to describe, explainexplain, and predict the nursing phenomenon.

It should give the bases of the nursing practice a strong foundation, thereby assisting in further creation of knowledge and show the future direction that for nursing should take. Theory is of great significance as it guides us in our decisions of what we already know as well as what we ought to know. Theory describes the nursing practice, hence giving us the foundation of nursing.

The merits of a definite theory body in the nursing practice include enhanced patient care, improved nurse-nurse interactions, a rise in the status of nurses' profession as well as direction for education and research. Caring is the core supporter strength of the nursing practice; it is immeasurable, it is not tangible, yet carries unmatched significance. The theory of nursing care is important as it explains and evaluates the nursing practice.

While medicine is working towards introducing a more multidisciplinary health care approach that is more multidisciplinary, nursing is working towards coming up withdeveloping its own unique knowledge body. This effort can be perceived as an effort by nursing to retain its professional scope (Current Nursing, 2012). In the nursing practice, theory:; • Helps nurses in describing, predicting and analyzing day-to-day events. • Helps in directing evaluation, interventionintervention, and assessment of care in nursing.

• Creates a basis for gathering valid and reliable information regarding the clients' health conditions, which are important in making decisions and executing them. • Helps with the decision of what criteria to use in measuring nursing care quality. • Helps in creating a common term in nursing for use when interacting with other medical experts. • Assists in creating ideas and defining words • Enhances self-governance and independence of the nursing practice through by defining the independent functions of nursing.

Cultural Care Theory In 1995, Madeline stated that transcultural nursing is "a significant field of practice and study centered on relative cultural caring (care) practices, beliefs and values of groups or individuals of different or similar cultures, in order to give universal and cultural-sensitive nursing care in the promotion of well-being or health or assist people who are going through bad human conditions, sickness or death while considering their culture." Transcultural nursing can be defined as an educated branch or subfield of the nursing practice, which centers on the relative study and evaluation of different cultures with regard to health-illness and nursing caring practices, values and beliefs; in order to give efficient and meaningful nursing care to people based on their health-illness situation and cultural values (Wayne, 2014).

The global opinion on cultural care flows into insight about communities, groups, families, institutions and individuals in different medical care systems. The insight gives cultureal-based expressions and meanings with regard to health and care. The next issue under consideration is the folk or generic system, the system of professional care as well as nursing care. Knowledge regarding the system entails the features and the unique care characteristics of each. The knowledge helps in finding differences and similarities or the universality and diversity of cultural care.

The next other important issues considered are actions and decisions of nursing care; which include the maintenance or preservation, accommodation as well as restructuring or re-patterning of cultural care. At this stage, there focus is on is delivery of nursing care.

Key concepts and assumptions of the theory that supports practice and care Professional Nursing Care (Caring) Professional care in nursing is cognitively learned and formal professional practice skills and acquired through educational institutions which provide enabling, assistive, facilitative or supportive acts, for or to, other groups or individuals for the purpose of enhancing the health condition or well-being of a person, lifestyle, disability or handling dying patients.

Cultural Congruent (Nursing) Care This involves the cognitive supportive, assistive, enablingenabling, or facilitative acts made for the sole purpose of suiting group, institutional or individual cultural practices, beliefsbeliefs, and values with the aim of supporting or providing beneficial, satisfyingsatisfying, and meaningful well-being or medical care.

Cultural and Social Structure Dimensions These are the changing features and patterns of interrelated organizational and structural aspects of a certain society or subculture; including religious, social/kinship, legal, political technological, economic, educational, cultural valuesvalues, as well as ethno-historical aspects; and their relationship with, and effects on human behavior under different environmental circumstances.

Culture Care This is the objectively and subjectively learned and transferred beliefs, values and patterned lifestyles which support, enable, facilitate, and assist other groups or individuals in maintaining their health, well-being, enhancing their condition and lifestyle, or in handling handicap, sickness or even death. Culture Care Diversity This shows the differences and variabilitiesvariability in patterns, lifestyles, symbols and values of care between or within collectives linked with supportive, enabling assistive acts of human care.

Culture Care Universality This shows the dominant, similarsimilar, or common uniform care values, patterns, lifestyles, symbolssymbols, or meanings within many cultures that show enabling, assistive, facilitativefacilitative, or supportive acts of assisting people (Leininger, 1991). Using this theory to guide practice The Culture Care Universality and Diversity theory is shown recognized as a basis for primary care situational practice, educational preparation, and even in result-based studies of complex practice nursing.

Debates emphasize on the importance of caring; and care healing being is the core of complex practice nursing by means of three types of care, by means of such enablers as the Sunrise as well as ethno-nursing. Research, education, practicepractice, and major ideas of this theory are related and important in giving patient care with cultural congruence in order to handle the medical care needs of different groups, communities, families and individuals by family experts in nursing (Mcfarland & Eipperle, 2008).

Comment by GL: Which three types Comment by GL: Needs explanation Theory gives avails the nurses a point-of-view from which they can look at patient circumstances. It also allows for them to arrange the numerous data bits faced in the daily care of patients as well as interpret and evaluate the data cognitively. A perspective acquired frorm theory allows for nurses to proactively and purposefully come up with plans for nursing care and execute them.

Nurses who are systematic and purpose-oriented in their practice are more productive and are able to control the results of their patient care as well as interact with other people. Agencies of medical care can give conform to a specific theory of nursing to direct the practice of nursing within the whole organization. The important part of selecting a theory of nursing for a health organization is how the correspondence of the.