Concept of Technology in Drilling Oil

Oil Drilling Technologies

The nature of Oil drilling technology varies depending on the topographic situation of the drilled place. With time, several technologies have been applied and are all geared towards achieving the best product at the limited time possible. Most of the technologies are now over a century old and are applied differently. Currently, the technologies have developed to integrate superior orientations like computer-aided simulation. In fact, the technologies have improved to withstand different pressures of various topographies. This study will present four decisive technologies applied in oil drilling, their variations, merits, and demerits.

The Direct Rotary Drilling

This technology was first implemented in 1808 at Ruffner's Oil in UK. This methodology was developed to increase the rate of the drilling process. To reach greater depths, the bale tool technique was applied. These techniques include rotary bucket auger or rotary bucket auger drilling. The rotary methods involve rotating a drill stem attached in order to cut the geologic formation. Technically, the rotation speed is typically less than the employed in consolidation formation. Besides, moisture and groundwater in the soil facilitate the mining cooling process of the drill. In fact, drilling in rock using rotary methods involves either coring of the rock formation or a grinding action using a tri-cone bit or an abrasion bit (Sliwa et al., 2012, pp. 453).

Water is an integral substance in the drilling: other substances include, air, drilling mud and synthetic materials. The drilling fluid is required to cool a bit and return drill cuttings to the surface to keep the hole clear. In particular, water is applied to cool the bit and return drill cuttings to the surface to keep the hole clear. Secondly, a cored hole can be directly logged by examining the rock core. The rock core is retrieved from the core barrel into a wire-line. Finally, the core barrel is emptied, and the empathy core barrel is lowered down the hole for the next core run. The merit behind this method is that it can penetrate hard material. It is a decisive technology, which can be applied in a challenging situation. However, some of the technological inputs; for instance, water cannot be readily available.

Cable Tool Drilling

This technology was first tested and applied in the Appalachian Basin and is still being applied today there. This method of striking operates with simultaneous a process that operates repeatedly with dropping and lifting of heavy string of tool in a borehole. The method has been used for thousands of years old and after the first implementation in China. Technically, the reciprocated action crushes loosened particles with water to form a slurry, and then removes the particles using dart valve boiler at intervals that proceed afterwards with intent to empty the dirt. The casing is advanced to drill proceeds with into large-diameter wheels and can be effectively installed using these methods. This methodology is simple and cheap to implement. The approach developed with this technique ensures that drilling of shallow wells, soil, and soft rock is possible. However, due to an intensity of some fields, the technology requires the constant replacement of vital components. In addition, the technology can handle the demands of some fields (Bu et al., 2013, pp. 50)

Jet Drilling

One of the most widely used oil-drilling techniques ever; jet drilling is a mechanical process to drill through the seabed. The technique seeks to extract oil deposits located in beneath of the continental shelf. This technique has been applied since the beginning of the 20th century with the initial development of the technique in Ohio. Initial companies to exercise this technique was German-American, Bankers Oil, and Riley Oil. Later in the 1920s, Oil fields emerged in the Goose Creek Oil field and other explorations were explored in Venezuela.

Orszulik (2008, chapter six) further joins in the list of jet drilling history. It is evident that Gas was not produced from the offshore drilling not until 1967. In Europe and Gulf of Mexico, Offshore oil drilling began gaining influence in 1950s, in Europe and southern Northern Sea in 1967 respectively. In addition, it is good to note that Offshore Oil drilling has attracted immense criticism and substantial research with time, has shown that offshore oil drilling has been responsible in emitting substantial amounts of hydrocarbon.

This technology is relatively inexpensive since it requires installation small-diameter wells. A chisel bit is applied at a drive point fixed on a wall screen (well point) is driven into the ground using a high-velocity stream of water through a well point. However, the method is limited since requires the drilling of a well 200ft deep.

Augur Drilling

This technology was first applied in China 3000 years ago. Augur drilling is a technology that focuses on the sampling and evaluation of soft and loses ground like soil beach sand, mine dump, mill concentrate, and tailings. Augur drills can be mechanically powered or hand driven. The advantages are low mobility and low cost. The hand-operated auger can operate up to 3 meters within a hole whose diameter is between 10 and 15cm. This depends on the softness of the material to be cut. Technically, the equipment is designed with augur cutter heads. The equipment can drill up to 30 m or more depending on the subsoil condition. In fact, augur drilling is useful since it provides grade and other specifications that have been mentioned in the above material quickly at low cost. One of the core inefficiencies of this technology is that it often fails to provide accurate information due to wall collapsing related contamination (Halder, 2012, p 117-120).

Average Process