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Ivan Pavlov and Classical Conditioning
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was a Russian physiologist who became famous for his work in the field of behavioral psychology. In fact, Pavlov has become iconic in popular culture thanks to classic Pavlovs dog experiment. The term Pavlovian has even entered into the lexicon of the West and indicates any time a person has what could be called an automatic, trained response to somethinglike expecting a stimulus at the ringing of a bell. Pavlov helped to explain one of the most basic features of human behavior, which is its programmability. He explored what would be called the associative processes of the canine digestive system and in that study brought attention to the concept of classical conditioning. His work helped to launch the field of behavioral science. It impacted numerous other disciplines too, from psychology to medicine to education. Without Pavlov and his dog, the world might be a very different place.
Pavlov was born in 1849 in Russia. His father and grandfather were both Russian Orthodox priests, so Pavlov came from a very traditional and religious household (Todes, 2022). He himself was the oldest of eleven children. Initially, it seemed that he was destined to enter the church and follow in the footsteps of his father and grandfather. Yet, something happened to him durng his formative educational years: rather than be inspired by Orthodox fathers of the faith he learned about Charles Darwin and Ivan Sechenov and was instead inspired by the...…F. Skinners work and more. It even spread to the field of marketing, where the Edward Bernays, the nephew of another famous psychologist (Sigmund Freud) became the father of advertising by implementing psychological and behavioral insights like those discovered by Pavlov (Olasky, 1985).
Looking back, it is clear that Pavlov's contributions have been foundational in shaping the course of how people think about themselves and how others think about the human response system. He brought attention to the notion of classical conditioning, which changed the way people thought about learning and behavior. Ultimately, psychology is indebted to him. From a boy who it was once thought would be a priest to a physiologist researching the digestion of dogs, one of the biggest surprises in…
References
Cambiaghi, M., & Sacchetti, B. (2015). Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849–1936). Journal ofNeurology, 262, 1599-1600.
Olasky, M. (1985). Bringing “Order out of Chaos”: Edward Bernays and the Salvation of societyThrough Public Relations. Journalism History, 12(1), 17-21.
Pavlov, I. (1904). Physiology of digestion. In Nobel lectures: Physiology or medicine (pp. 141-155). Elsevier.
Todes, D. P. (2022). Ivan Pavlov: a Very Short Introduction (Vol. 715). Oxford University Press.
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