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Pension Terminology Definitions & Discussion
The author is asked to define a number of terms relative to pension accounting and its associated terminology and definitions. The terms the author asked to define, in order, are service cost, interest cost, actual return on planned assets, amortization of unrecognized gains/losses and amortization of the transition amount. It is the "actual" results that are gained after an initial projection is given as to what the results will be, known as expected return on assets. Amortization of unrecognized gains or losses is a gradual and deliberate recognition of actuarial gains/losses. Actuarial gains/losses are those that are projected to pass but that have not actually "hit" a company's financial statements. In other words, if actuarial calculations say a loss will occur, it would be amortized for the purposes of a pension even if the financial statements (e.g. income statement, balance sheet) of a firm have not yet become official. In a similar fashion, transaction obligation or asset (otherwise known as amortization of the transition amount) is the phased recognition on the income statement of the disparity between the plan's status…
Service cost is the present value, from an actuarial standpoint, of the projected benefits that can be associated with an employees' tenure at a pension-using employer during the current year. This is very similar to normal cost. Interest cost is the increase in projected benefit obligation (PBO) associated with the lapse of time as the year goes on. Generally speaking, the interest cost is gained by multiplying the discount rate by the PBO applicable at the beginning of the year.
Goal setting works well for simple jobs -- clerks, typists, loggers, and technicians -- but not for complete jobs. Goal setting with jobs in which goals are not easily measured (e.g., teaching, nursing, engineering, accounting) has posed some problems. Goal setting encourages game playing. Setting low goals to look good later is one game played by subordinates who do not want to be caught short. Managers play the game of setting
……South African Municipalities Municipal Revenue Loss Reduction through Improved Municipal Valuation Methodologies:Balance Sheet Enhancement of South African Municipalities to Improve Rates and Taxes Revenue GenerationAbstractThis study examines the property valuation process of Municipalities in South Africa and develops a strategy for strengthening that process in order to more efficiently value properties and ultimately to enhance municipal balance sheets and increase revenue streams. This study proposes an innovative valuation method based
Stock Options Payment of stratospheric compensations to the corporate executives by the dot.com companies is the talk of the day. It is pertinent to note that these compensations are paid not only in terms of the cash compensations but also in terms of stock options. However, compensations plans in terms of stock options are not new and being used years together in order to attract the employees and retain with a
Analysis of Enron Scandal (2001) Background of the Company All through the course of the late 90s, Enron Corporation was widely acknowledged as one among the pioneering firms in the nation. The new-economy individualist seemed to ditch the mildewed, outdated factories with bulky physical assets, instead favoring e-commerce. While it constantly operated gas lines and constructed power plants, its popularity was owing to its distinctive trading businesses. In addition to the purchase
Securities Regulation SECURITIES REGULARIZATIONS IN NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS The ensuring of the fact that an organization is working as per regulations and is following the code of conduct, while keeping the interest of the public first, are matters which are becoming more and more complicated with the passage of time. Therefore, it can be said with some emphasis, that today one of the most basic issues of many organizations is the issue of
Polish Companies Reacted to Ethical Issues and Changes in Business Standards Since the Fall of Communism in 1989? Poland's Economy Pre-Communism's Fall Poland's Natural Resources Minerals and Fuels Agricultural Resources Labor Force The Polish Economy Under Communism System Structure Development Strategy The Centrally-Planned Economy Establishing the Planning Formula Retrenchment and Adjustment in the 1960s Reliance on Technology in the 1970s Reform Failure in the 1980s Poland's Economy After the Fall of Communism Poland After the Fall of Communism Fall of Communism Marketization and Stabilization Required Short-Term Changes Section