¶ … Vascular Disease
Randy Jackson
Geriatric Nursing
The disease known as Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD), according to the American Heart Association (AHA, 2004), involves the blood vessels "outside the heart and brain." This disease refers to a narrowing of those vessels that carry blood to one's leg and arm muscles.
In particular, the AHA states that there are two forms of PVD: one is "Functional Peripheral Vascular Disease," and the other is "Organic Peripheral Vascular Disease." The first, Functional PVD, does not allude to actual defects in the structure of the blood vessel, but rather refers to "short-term effects" caused by cold temperatures, stress caused by emotions, smoking, or handling machinery that vibrates powerfully.
The second form of PVD - "Organic" - is actually caused by "structural changes" in blood vessels. These changes may be inflammation, tissue damage, or the buildup of fatty substances in the arteries, called "atherosclerosis" - which restricts good blood flow to the body's limbs. Atherosclerosis is particularly insidious in its attack on one's health because people "are unaware of the disease process" (Barker, et al., 2003) until "nearly 75% of the artery...
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These are high cholesterol levels, obesity, physical activity, smoking and racism. According to the 2003 report by the American Heart Association, 53% of Mexican-American men and 48% of women aged 20-74 have high bad cholesterol levels. The 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey reported that 33% of Mexican-American women and 28% of men were obese, as compared with 20% of non-Hispanic women. Adolescents aged 12-19 were 24% overweight as compared
GI Case StudySOAP Note for Visit 1SubjectiveHistory of the present illness: 34-year-old black female presents with complaints of chest pain and leg cramps. She was diagnosed with Crohn’s disease after a colonoscopy was performed due to unresolved rectal bleeding. She was started on Remicade infusions for Crohn’s disease about 3 weeks ago and is currently in remission. She reports no rectal bleeding at present. She quit smoking 3 weeks ago
CVD Vascular Leg Disorders in Adults with Substance Abuse Issues Vascular leg disorders, namely chronic venous disorders (CVD) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), are frequent yet generally unacknowledged complications of injection drug use (IDU) (Pieper, Templin, Kirsner, & Birk, 2010). One study provides a quantitative analysis of the relationship between PAD and exercise habits in adults that engage in IDU. In the sample that was used, overall activity was relatively low and
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