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Phytochemistry: Research on Isolation, Identification, and Purification of New Antimicrobial Compounds from Common and Available Herbs in the Mediterranean Area and in the UK
Since ancient times the healing powers of plants has been sought and plant derived substances "have recently become of great interest owing to their versatile applications." (Das, Tiwari, and Shrivastava, 2010, p.104) Medicinal plants have been used historically as remedies for human diseases and as such "offer a new source of biologically active chemical compound as antimicrobial agent." (Das, Tiwari, and Shrivastava, 2010, p.104) Estimates state that 14-28% of higher plant species are used medicinally and that 74$ of pharmacologically active plant derived components were discovered after following up on ethno medicinal use of the plants." (Das, Tiwari, and Shrivastava, 2010, p.104) The work of Duman et al. (2009) reports that one of the most edible of all fruits and one of the oldest known is that of the Punica granatum L., or the...
This fruit is referenced in both the Bible and the Koran, is associated with fertility, and is native to "Persia" then spreading "into Asia, North Africa and Mediterranean Europe, including Turkey." (Duman, et al., 2009, p.1809) Pomegranate has been used widely in treating various diseases including such as "acidosis, dysentery, microbial infections, diarrhea, helminthiasis, hemorrhage, and respiratory pathologies." (Duman, et al., 2009, p.1809) In addition, pomegranate extracts have been used effectively against the herpes virus and hydroalcoholic extracts of whole fruits have exhibited high activity against the influenza virus." (Duman, et al., 2009, p.1809) Furthermore, pomegranate contains antioxidant properties due to containing antioxidant phenolics and anthocyanins and extracts from this fruit are reported to possess "strong in vitro antibacterial activity against many bacterial strains tested as well as inhibiting and delaying Staphylococcus aureus growth and subsequent enterotoxin…
Bibliography
Das, K., Tiwari, RKS, and Shrivastava, DK (2010) Techniques for Evaluation of Medicinal Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agent: Current Methods and Future Trends, Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. Vol.4(2), pp.104-111. Retrieved from: http://www.academicjournals.org/jmpr/PDF/pdf2010/18Jan/Das%20et%20al.pdf
Duman, AD, et al. (2009) Antimicrobial Activity of Six Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. )Varieties and Their Relation to Some of Their Pomological and Phytonutrient Characteristics. Molecules 2009, 14 1808-1917. Retrieved from: http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/14/5/1808/pdf
Research Grant National Institutes of Health Research Grant This essay examines the application process for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) research grant through the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Funding Opportunity Title Genomic Resource Grants for Community Resource Projects (U41), Funding Opportunity Announcement Number PAR-11-095. The NHGRI was established originally as the National Center for Human Genome research in 1989 and led the NIH's contribution to the Human Genome Project. This
Research Participants • Legal and ethical issues relevant to nursing research Any kind of breach done with regards to the legal aspects has the likelihood of becoming an issue for litigation. The usual legal concerns associated with nursing research can be split into three: Ownership of Data: This can be a legal issue for nursing research that is the topic of a contract and can also come about as a result of rivaling research
Research Database Matrix National Institute of Health's Intramural Database Resources Location: http://intramural.nih.gov/index.tml Description: The stated objective of the NIH Intramural Database is to collect and disseminate data gathered from research projects conducted by the Intramural programs of the Institutes and Centers of the National Institutes of Health. This includes studies commissioned by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and dozens of other national health research institutes. The
Research Ethics The little Albert experiment The little Albert experiment is a famous psychology experiment that was conducted by a behaviorist John. B. Watson. The participant in the experiment was a nine-month-old boy and he was exposed to various stimuli that included a white rat, monkey, masks and burning news papers and the reactions of the boy were observed. Initially no fear was expressed by the boy at any objects shown to
Research Ethics It is important when conducting research that the researcher adheres to a strong set of ethical guidelines. Ethics ensure that the research is conducted without causing harm to any person. While modern research ethics began with the study of issues regarding the use of human subjects, it has evolved into a more comprehensive understanding of a wide range of norms of conduct (Resnik, 2010). Some of the different subject
Werhane & Doering (1997) point out that it is virtually impossible to operate in a totally objective research environment. All researchers have a degree of bias. The goal is to minimize that bias as a variable in empirical research. Focusing on conflicts of interest and conflicts of commitment, Werhane & Doering (1997) raise important issues and address critical concerns. The issues of conflict of interest and conflict of commitment are