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Water Pollution
Water pollution is contamination of a body of water, whether a stream, a lake, a river, an ocean, or groundwater supply. This type of contamination is the result of human activity, such as toxic chemicals released by a factory into the water body, or agricultural run-off. The contamination can be harmful to both plant and animal life. It can have numerous knock-on effects as well that do damage to the ecology and to human life.
Point source pollution is a type of pollution that originates from a single, identifiable source or place. An example would be discharge from a sewage treatment plant that finds its way into groundwater or into a river; or an oil spill in an ocean would be another example.
Non-point source pollution is a type of pollution that comes from a lot of different places rather just one single point. It is caused by rainfall or snowmelt moving over and through the ground, and this movement of water picks up pollutants like pesticides, or chemicals used in fertilizers, or oils that have been spilled (Withgott & Laposata, 2018). It then carries these chemicals and toxins into nearby streams, rivers, lakes or other bodies of water. Because of the...…out over a big area. Plus, the effects of non-point-source pollution tend to be systemic and deeply entrenched within the very infrastructure of the region (Withgott & Laposata, 2018). For instance, with agricultural runoff, or with urban stormwater runoff, regulators have few means of monitoring and stopping the problem as it would mean overhauling the entire social infrastructure.
Nonetheless, the relative threat of each type of pollution has to be considered carefully, especially as the risk of each varies from region to region and is often influenced by regional industrial practices, agricultural practices, land use patterns, and the laws regarding such that are…
References
Withgott, J. & Laposata, M. (2018). Essential Environment: The Science Behind the Stories.
Pearson.
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