However, she concludes that the effect of PMCs, as a whole, cannot be determined by this one example. Supply in the current PMC market has a tendency to self-perpetuate. As more PMCs enter the market, new threats are developed that the firms provide protection against. "Moreover, demand does not penalize firms that service 'illegitimate;' clients in general. Consequently, the number of actors who can wield control over the use of force is limited mainly by their ability to pay." (605). This results in a draining of current security institutions resources. Their security coverage is worsened. By increasing the availability of military force, more actors are involved in conflict and less reason is needed to contest existing institutions, destabilizing nations. Conclusion:

Herz (1957) was correct in his understanding that the territorial states of yesteryear are forever changed. Sovereignty in today's world is tenuous at best. International law has been created to help protect that sovereignty; however, with the possibility of economic blockade; ideological political penetration; air warfare; and atomic warfare no nation-state's sovereignty...

These threats to current regimes have increased since Herz's time. Technological advancements have meant that netwar and cyberwar will forever change the way war is conducted and has given power to much less powerful groups and individuals. Technological and economic advancements have further given power to terrorists, as nation-states rely heavily on this technology and cluster their resources. Lastly, organizational changes such as the advent of PMCs although on the surface seem to be an answer to weaker nation-states unable to maintain control internally, it has a destabilizing effect as anyone can garner military might if they have enough money to purchase a PMC.
Works Cited

Arquilla, J. & Ronfeldt, D. "Cyberwar is Coming!" Comparative Stategy. 12.2. (Spring 1993): 141-165.

Herz, J. "Rise and Demise of the Territorial State." World Politics 9.4. (Jul 1957): 473-493.

Homer-Dixon, T. "The Rise of Complex Terrorism." Foreign Policy. 128. (Jan-Feb 2002): 52-62.

Leander, a. "The Market for Force and Public Security: The Destabilizing Consequences of Private…