Procedures for Cardiovascular Lab

Running Head: CARDIOVASCULAR LAB ASSIGNMENT

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CARDIOVASCULAR LAB ASSIGNMENT

Cardiovascular Lab Assignment

Question One

The Differences between a Right and Left Heart Catheterization and Procedures

a) The right heart catheterization is done by passing or inserting the catheter through the artery. In contrast, the left heart catheterization is done by passing or inserting the catheter through the veins.

b) The right heart catheterization, also called pulmonary heart catheterization, measures the pressure in the lungs and heart and determines how poorly or well the heart pumps blood. Additionally, it can be used as a detection procedure for coronary heart disease. The left heart catheterization is used to show blood flow if there are any clots and procedures such as angioplasty, coronary angiography, and ventriculography.

Question Two

Cardiac Catheterization Lab Diagnoses

a) Definition

I. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) refers to a condition in which the primary blood vessels in the heart are damaged or diseased.

II. Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI): this is a mild form of heart attack that is less severe than the typical heart attack because it only causes minor damage.

III. Diabetes Type II: a chronic condition mainly affecting the blood sugar processing of the body due to low insulin production or the body’s resistance to insulin.

IV. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): a prolonged disease of the body’s kidneys that eventually leads to a failure of the renal system. As the renal system fails, water builds up.

V. Hyperlipidemia: a condition in which the human blood accumulates too many fats or lipids, including triglycerides and cholesterol.

VI. Hypertension: This is commonly referred to as high blood pressure. This is a disease in which the blood force or pressure against the arterial walls is too high, above 140/90. Blood pressure above 180/120 is considered severe.

b) Correlation of the above Diagnoses

The above diagnoses are correlated, meaning that they are interrelated. For instance, one condition might lead to developing another more risky condition, as illustrated using the concept maps below. The arrows show the relationship between the diagnoses by indicating how one condition possibly causes another one.

Coronary Artery Disease

cDiabetes Type II

NSTEMI

Hypertension

Chronic Kidney Disease

Hyperlipidemia

c) Concept for Diagnoses

I. Coronary Artery Disease: clotting

II. Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI): health, wellness, and illness

III. Diabetes Type II: cellular regulation

IV. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): fluid and electrolyte balance

V. Hyperlipidemia: metabolism

VI. Hypertension: health, wellness, and illness

Question Three

What should be included in the Pre-procedure patient Assessment?

During a pre-procedure patient assessment, the information included ranges from patient history, including pre-existing conditions and physical examination results, including volume status, vital cardiovascular signs, blood pressure, and hematoma or bleeding at the catheter insertion point. The nurse should also assess for pain or nausea and back pain from lying down. Information also includes angina symptoms and any discomfort.

Question Four

Potential Complications for a Patient Undergoing a Cardiac Catheterization

a) Blood clotting

b) Bleeding

c) Bruising

d) Infection

e) Kidney damage

f) Heart attack

g) Arterial or heart damage and possible damage to any area the catheter passes through.

h) Irregular rhythms of the heart are also called arrhythmias, and

i) Possible allergic reaction to the medication of contrast dye used for the procedure

Question Five

Discharge teaching plan for a Patient Going Home the Same Day as the procedure

Patients should not drive themselves home or make any critical decisions. Instead, they should have someone responsible do driving. The morning after the procedure, the patient is advised to take the dressing off. This is possibly easier when showering. After removing the bandage, the area should be cleaned lightly to avoid damaging the areas, after which the patient should cover the area using a tiny adhesive bandage. The area should be kept dry and clean, and the patient should not use lotions or creams on it. Also, loose clothing is recommended. The patient should only do light lifting and easy activities. The medicines should be taken as directed by the doctor and adhere to a strict water intake procedure of at least six glasses in a day. The patient should also stick to a healthy routine such as a healthy diet.

Question Six

Video Review on a Cardiac Catheterization Procedure

The video watched was obtained from this site;

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhNT2G1fkJg

The catheterization procedure is a simple procedure that is used to provide various diagnoses within the heart, such as the ability of the heart to pump blood to the body adequately. Also, the contrast dye provides doctors an excellent opportunity to detect any clots in the heart. However, the procedure seems to cause discomfort coupled with potential risks, such as puncture of the blood vessels and bleeding. But when done professionally and well, it is an excellent medical procedure that makes the diagnosis process a lot easier.