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Personality Traits
The discussion of "nature vs. nurture" has been a long-standing one. It relates to whether the main characteristics of an individual are genetically determined or whether these are actually deeply affected by environmental factors and by society as the individual evolves. This is where the discussion of whether an individual's personality is largely fixed at birth or not can also be placed. Arguments are both for and against, although this paper will eventually argue that this is not the case.
As Chapter 5 shows us, the idea that "personality is something we arrive with at birth, genetically determined and unchangeable is not the case." This statement can be analyzed from different perspectives. On one hand, it is difficult to accept the idea that people cannot change and the fact that personality traits could actually be something the individual is born with implies the fact that individual cannot change. What this would mean is that no matter what education the individual receives and no matter what environment he grows into and where he lives, the individual will still have the same personality traits he was born with.
Can this be acceptable for society? That is definitely not the case: society is built on...
By adapting, they can also change their personality in a way that makes them fit better within the group. Some of their personality traits will be suppressed, while encouraging other characteristics, so that the individual can properly perform within the community.
As chapter 5 shows, environmental and social context have a deep impact on the personality development. This opinion appears defendable particularly if one looks at factors such as education or peer influence. In terms of education, personalities change as individuals enter groups and are the recipients of educational programs. At the same time, belonging to a group is very likely to affect the individual's personality.
Chapter 5 also mentions that the individual does not behave in all situations in the same manner. There is a distinct flexibility in the way that the individual determines the decision making process. Fluidity is the key word: an individual will appear from the outside as having different personalities, depending on the way he reacts in a particular situation. According to this, the individual will as having a…
Psychological Trait Theory in Criminology: The field of criminology can basically be described as the scientific study of criminals and criminal behavior since professionals in this field try to develop theories that explain the reason for the occurrence of crimes and test the theories through observation of criminal behavior. The criminological theories in turn help in shaping the response of the society to crime in relation to preventing criminal behavior and
For instance, this theory holds that extraverts have low levels of cortical arousal and introverts high leaves, meaning extraverts need more stimulation for socializing and being outgoing, while introverts receive enough stimulation from their own physical make up. Since each person has differing levels of brain chemicals, there are thousands and thousands of factors that can be combined to make up unique personality dimensions. This view is more biochemical
When viewed in this light, the psychological effects of racism are actually fairly similar to those of other abusive, oppressive, or otherwise threatening attitudes, actions, and situations. The disposition toward negative affect encouraged by the perception of racism is in many ways the same kind of damaging psychological reinforcement experienced by individuals in an abusive household or people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, because in all of these cases many
Psychological Testing When one hears the phrase "psychological testing" one might be inclined to think of a test to determine one's mental health, a test that could tell someone whether she or he was crazy or not. But psychological testing is hardly so clear-cut, nor does it deal with the highly subjective subject of sanity. Psychological tests instead measure a range of qualities and potentials, including one's aptitude for various kinds
Alcoholism and Upbringing Psychological theory James' father is responsible for James' involvement in crime and burglary. Origin of the problem. Alcoholic parents are the reason for the moral decay of juveniles Another reason for James' feelings of inadequacy Effect of alcoholism in the upbringing of a child The effect of taking James out of his mother's home as a juvenile Reaction formation An examination of James' denial of his responsibility over his problem Personality theory Sociological theory Personality and sociological
Criminological Perspectives: Sentencing and Criminology The justice system in the United States has always incorporated the study of criminals in an attempt to reduce offenses in the country. Many theories are used in fostering our understanding as to why crimes occur in the society. However, the theories can be grouped into three main perspectives as a trait, the social, and the classical theories. The following study expounds the nature and occurrence