Public Administration of Public Institutions

Public Administration

Administration of Public Institutions

Which of the following is Luther Gulick's contribution to organization theory?

POSDCORB

The "Butterfly Effect" postulates that

the tiniest change in the smallest part of the system can eventually produce enormous effects

The "higher law" defense is often appealed to by people who

claim all of the above

The bodies in government that are responsible for overturning unjustified firings, or reprisals, on whistleblowers are the C. National Labor Relations Board and the Civil Service Commission

The public administrator who was called from his plow to save Rome and returned to his farm after defeating the enemy in 14 days was

Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus

Question 6

According to the authors, a sense of honor provides an individual with B. The ability to do chivalrous deeds

Question 7

The individual who developed the 12 principles of management as related to the public sector and presented them in the book Organization in Management (1955) was

D. Catheryn Seckler-Hudson

Question 8

The statement "when the act accuses, the result excuses" is attributed to C. Niccolo Machiavelli

Question 9

The scholar who shattered the politics-administration dichotomy and held that politics is an integral part of administration was

D. Dwight Waldo

Question 10

The 1938 classic the Functions of the Executive, which detailed the role of the leader in maintaining dynamic equilibrium between the needs of the organization and the needs of the employee, was written by C. Chester Barnard

Question 11

Describe the basic thinking underlying classical organization theory. How does Adam Smith's conception of division and separation of labor relate to the classical model of organization theory? Explain how Frederick Taylor's "scientific management" fits into this model

Classic organization theory consists of a series of principles of management by which an organization might be effectively controlled. These principles include: a clearly defined and documented set of rules and procedures, a division of labor according to functional expertise, a clear chain of command, individual advancement based on merit and professional managers.

Adam Smith's idea surrounding the specialization of the labor force essentially consists of breaking down large jobs into many tiny components. This is a perfect fit with one of the components of the classic organization theory of having a division of labor broken down by functional expertise. This essentially means breaking large jobs down into tiny jobs done by expert people. Frederick Taylor's scientific management methods called for optimizing the way that tasks were performed and simplifying the jobs enough so that workers could be trained to perform their specialized sequence of motions in the one best way. This also fits into the classic organization theory by once again referring to a group of expert people doing one job to the best of their ability.

Question 12

Three levels of ethics (of the four) noted in the text include: professional ethics, organizational ethics, and social ethics. Explain each of these forms of ethics. Use examples as needed, to clarify your responses.

Professional ethics consists of the rules of what professionals should and should not do. Being a professional often comes with authority and power. A client often places trust in a professional on the basis that the service provided will be of benefit to them. It would be quite easy for a professional to use his authority to exploit a person. A good example would be that of a dentist performing unneeded dental work on his patients in order to make more money. It is unlikely that the patient would know that the work was unnecessary.

Organizational Ethics is the ethics of an organization, and it is how an organization ethically responds to both internal and external events. Organizational ethics represent the values of an organization to its employees and other entities. There are four basic elements which exist in organizations that make them ethical. These four elements include: a written code of ethics and standards, ethics training for all employees, availability for advice on ethical situations, and a confidential reporting process.