Scoliosis Is an Abnormal Curvature

Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spinal column. The most common type of scoliosis is idiopathic scoliosis, as the cause is unknown. When it occurs in children between 11 and 18 years of age, it is referred to as adolescent scoliosis. "Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a lifetime, probably systemic condition of unknown cause, resulting in a spinal curve or curves of ten degrees or more in about 2.5% of most populations," (Asher & Burton, 2006).

Socioeconomic Factors

There are no known socioeconomic factors associated with adolescent scoliosis, except for the fact that the disorder is more common in girls than boys. Scoliosis is more common in girls, and can get worse during a growth spurt (Zieve, 2011).

Psychosocial Aspects and Cultural Considerations

There are no psychosocial aspects to scoliosis as a medical condition. However, there may be psychosocial and cultural considerations when recommending possible treatment interventions. Because the patient in question is a 13-year-old girl, treatment might be warranted. As Reamy & Slakey (2001) point out, "Scoliosis in girls tends to progress more often and, therefore, girls more commonly need treatment than boys." However, over-referral has become common due to the widespread use of screening in schools (Reamy & Slakey, 2001). Moreover, "only about one in ten curves progresses to the point that treatment with bracing is warranted, and only one in 25, or 0.1%, to the point that surgery is warranted," (Asher & Burton, 2006).

Client-Based Interventions

First, the parents should be consulted. Appropriate literature on adolescent scoliosis should be offered to the patient and the parents, so that they are informed. The parents should also be informed about relevant data related to the risk factors involved with the diagnosis of scoliosis.

Second, the patient should be monitored over the next year. If the scoliosis shows no sign of improving or has worsened, then treatment interventions may be warranted. The most effective treatment intervention for adolescent scoliosis is bracing. "Bracing appears to prevent about 20% to 40% of appropriately braced curves from progressing 6° or more," (Asher & Burton, 2006). Using a brace will prevent the scoliosis from worsening, which could entail more dangerous interventions like surgery.

Utilization of the Nursing Process

Consultation with the patient and family ensures that treatment proceeds in an honest and ethical manner. The family should be aware of treatment interventions that do not work and which could also be harmful, such as "chiropractic care, biofeedback and electric stimulation, "(Reamy & Slakey, 2001). Working with the patient as a primary care practitioner will ensure that follow-up screenings are accurate. It is possible the patient will not need bracing, as "most people with idiopathic scoliosis do not need treatment," (Zieve, 2011).