Sexism and Classism Definitions in Health

Health Equity Consensus Definition

Part 1

1. Race:

a. \\\\\\\"A category of humankind that shares certain distinctive physical characteristics.\\\\\\\" (Oxford English Dictionary)

b. \\\\\\\"A population that is believed to share common ancestry, physical characteristics, or cultural heritage\\\\\\\" (American Psychological Association)

c. \\\\\\\"A social construct that divides people into groups based on characteristics such as physical appearance, ancestry, culture, and society\\\\\\\'s perceptions of those characteristics\\\\\\\" (National Museum of African American History and Culture)

d. \\\\\\\"A concept that refers to groups of people who are identified as distinct by virtue of perceived differences that may include physical characteristics, ancestry, language, culture, and social, economic, or political status\\\\\\\" (United Nations)

2. Racism:

a. \\\\\\\"Prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against a person or people on the basis of their membership in a particular racial or ethnic group, typically one that is a minority or marginalized.\\\\\\\" (Oxford English Dictionary)

b. \\\\\\\"An action or attitude that reflects a belief that some races are inherently superior to others\\\\\\\" (American Psychological Association)

c. \\\\\\\"A belief that certain races are inherently superior or inferior to others and that this hierarchy should be maintained\\\\\\\" (National Museum of African American History and Culture)

d. \\\\\\\"Any action that results in the exclusion, marginalization, or oppression of people based on their membership in a particular racial or ethnic group\\\\\\\" (United Nations)

3. Sexism:

a. \\\\\\\"Prejudice, discrimination, or stereotyping on the basis of sex, typically against women.\\\\\\\" (Oxford English Dictionary)

b. \\\\\\\"The belief that one sex is inherently superior to the other, often leading to discrimination and prejudice against individuals based on their gender.\\\\\\\" (American Psychological Association)

c. \\\\\\\"A belief that one sex is superior to the other and that this hierarchy should be maintained\\\\\\\" (National Museum of African American History and Culture)

d. \\\\\\\"Any action that results in the exclusion, marginalization, or oppression of people based on their sex or gender\\\\\\\" (United Nations)

4. Classism:

a. \\\\\\\"Prejudice or discrimination based on social class, typically in favor of the upper classes and against the working classes.\\\\\\\" (Oxford English Dictionary)

b. \\\\\\\"Prejudice or discrimination against individuals or groups because of their socio-economic status\\\\\\\" (American Psychological Association)

c. \\\\\\\"A belief that certain social classes are inherently superior or inferior to others and that this hierarchy should be maintained\\\\\\\" (National Museum of African American History and Culture)

d. \\\\\\\"Any action that results in the exclusion, marginalization, or oppression of people based on their social or economic status\\\\\\\" (United Nations)

Part 2

1. Health Disparity:

a. \\\\\\\"A difference in the overall rate of disease, death, or injury experienced by one group of people compared to another\\\\\\\" (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

b. \\\\\\\"A difference in health outcomes between groups of people that is not due to differences in access to care, but rather to differences in social, economic, and environmental conditions\\\\\\\" (National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities) c. \\\\\\\"A particular type of health difference that is closely linked with social or economic disadvantage\\\\\\\" (World Health Organization)

d. \\\\\\\"Health disparities refer to differences in the health status of different groups of people\\\\\\\" (American Public Health Association)

2. Health Equity:

a. \\\\\\\"The assurance that every person has a fair opportunity to attain their full health potential and that no one is disadvantaged from achieving this potential because of their social position or other socially determined circumstance\\\\\\\" (World Health Organization)

b. \\\\\\\"The absence of systematic differences in health outcomes across population groups that have the same level of access to health care\\\\\\\" (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

c. \\\\\\\"A state in which everyone has a fair opportunity to attain their full health potential and no one is disadvantaged from achieving this potential because of social position or other socially determined circumstance\\\\\\\" (National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities)