1500 History of World Societies

¶ … 1500 History of World Societies

European average income per person began to rise in comparison with the rest of the world beginning in about Answer:

1450 b. 1650 c. 1750 d. 1850

All of the following statements characterize world economic development in the 19th century except:

industrialization generated global inequity in wealth and power.

railroads drastically reduced transportation costs.

the opening of the Suez and Panama canals facilitated trade.

the world's leader in importing foreign goods was America.

All of the following technological innovations were crucial to European imperialist expansion in the late nineteenth century except:

the machine gun.

the telegraph.

c. quinine.

The airplane.

Causes of the so-called new imperialism (1880-1914) include all of the following except:

Answer:

a. economic competition in foreign markets.

b. aggressiveness of European nationalism.

c. The theory that colonies benefited workers.

d. The belief that the West had much to learn from traditional cultures.

All of the following represented threats to the Ottoman Empire except:

Answer:

a. Russian invasion and uprisings by Christian subjects in Europe.

b. The beginning of France's long conquest of Algeria in 1830.

c. increased local independence and the sultanate's loss of authority.

d. The Tanzimat reforms and growing westernization of culture.

In the 19th century, West Africa experienced all of the following developments except:

Answer:

a. The emergence of a fledgling middle class in coastal towns.

b. A renewal of the trans-Atlantic slave trade in the 1860's.

c. The rise of an export trade in palm oil used for making soap.

d. An Islamic revival involving intolerance of animism.

The principle formulated at the Berlin Conference (1884-85) by which European powers laid claim to African territory was called:

Answer:

a. extraterritoriality.

b. annexation.

c. effective occupation.

d. military subjugation.

All of the following statements characterized imperial government in Africa between 1900 and 1930 except:

Answer:

a. Colonial governments moved decisively against slavery in response to the European movement for abolition.

b. imperial governments operated either through existing local leaders or through appointed officials.

c. expenditures on education and social services represented a small part of the overall budget.

d. A westernized elite emerged, together with successful African business people.

All of the following drove the transformation of European imperialism in Asia during the 1800s except:

Answer:

a. Christian missionaries and the idea of progress.

b. advances in Western communications and technology.

c. The need for markets for mass-produced goods.

d. old established monarchies with long literary traditions.

All of the following were characteristic of British rule in India except:

Answer:

a. population increased, travel conditions improved, and disease spread b. large plantations were established, making possible the export of opium to China and tea to Europe c. The British created a well-educated, English-speaking Indian elite middle class d. new jobs were created for millions of Indian hand-spinner and hand-weavers

The Indian National Congress can best be described in which of the following ways:

Answer:

a. An Indian Civil Service that administered British rule.

b. A group of upper-caste professionals seeking independence from Britain.

c. white settlers who administered British rule.

d. anglicized Indians who were the social equals of white rulers.

Under the Culture System, Indonesian peasants had to Answer:

a. learn to speak and read Dutch b. plant one-fifth of their land in export crops to be turned over to the Dutch colonial government c. convert to the Dutch Reformed Church d. join large state-run farms.

Modern Vietnamese nationalism traced much of its inspiration to Answer:

a. Japanese modernization.

b. China's "Hundred Days" Reform program.

c. The U.S. Declaration of Independence.

d. British Fabian socialism.

The Taiping rebels in China aimed to Answer:

a. establish a utopian society with equal landholdings, equality of men and women, and no prostitution or opium use.

b. expel all Christian influences from China and kill all western missionaries.

c. restore the Ming dynasty to power and get rid of the Manchus.

d. create a socialist society based on the teachings of Marx and Engels.

What were the historical precedents that animated the Chinese reformers of 1898 who briefly advised Emperor Guangxu?

Answer:

a. Napoleon's Empire.

b. The United States' War of independence and the Mexican-American War of 1848.

c. The French conquest of Vietnam and Ethiopian resistance to Italian imperialism.