Leaking underground storage tanks and environmental contamination in the United States

Underground Storage Tanks and Pipes

When the United States began their Underground Storage Tank program, there were approximately 2.1 million regulated tanks in America. According to the EPA, "an underground storage tank (UST) system is a tank and any underground piping connected to the tank that has at least 10% of its combined volume underground" ("Overview," 2007).

Historically, "pipelines and storage tanks were buried because the cost of burial usually did not exceed the potential damage to them by weather, vandalism, etc. The aesthetic value of burying utilities and other commercial or industrial structures undoubtedly at one time increased the number of tanks and pipes that were place in excavation" (Author, year, p. 94). Regretfully the transmission of fuels and chemicals due to USTs is a common occurrence in the United States and only by better understanding this situation can the effects be minimized.

"1-9 Abstract

Introduction

Leaking Underground Petroleum Tanks

Leaking Underground Petroleum Pipelines

Environmental Consequences of UST and Pipeline Leakage

Leakage Factors

Movement Characteristics of Leaks

Prevention and Monitoring of Leaks

E.P.A. Regulations Affecting USTs and Pipelines

Restoration Considerations

Conclusion