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Terrorism
Chapter 10 of Jonathan R. White's Terrorism and Homeland Security focuses exclusively on terrorism in Israel and Palestine. However, the author begins the chapter with the Six Day War to immediately discuss the rise of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO). Factionalism in Palestinian terrorism, the rise and function of Hezbollah and Hamas, Jewish fundamentalism, and the controversial counterterrorism policies in Israeli domestic and foreign policy comprise the bulk of this chapter. Especially given the paucity of space dedicated to this complex topic, White does a good job addressing both sides of the conflict and does so fairly, accurately, and with a minimum of bias.
Reaction
One of the only faults with Chapter 10 is that the author does not have enough space with which to properly engage the reader in the multilayered complexity of the issue. The chapter begins as if in media res, with the 1967 war as opposed with the origins of Zionism, the Balfour Declaration or creation of the state of Israel. Right off the top of the chapter, the author should be grounding the forthcoming facts in the socio-cultural and historical context and fails to do so. However, the limitations of space and the focus of the book specifically on terrorism does warrant brevity. Considering this, White does well to delve deeper into the creation of the PLO and subsequent Palestinian liberation organizations.
After the creation of the state of Israel, "Palestinians...
The Fatah was the first formal organization to emerge as a quasi-or proxy government. White does acknowledge this and the fact that the "Palestinians wanted to establish a national authority capable of addressing their inalienable and legitimate rights as a people, (Barhoum, n.d.). Fatah was an initial response to political disenfranchisement, and yet the organization had no strong political agenda with which to mobilize Palestinians. Without a strong marketing campaign, as it were, Fatah faded away and the PLO rose in its place. The PLO attracted an arguably more radical base. Unlike Fatah, the PLO actively sought alliance and allegiance with neighboring and sympathetic Arab regimes in the hopes of forming a coalition that could aid the fulfillment of the ultimate goal of Palestinian geo-political nationalism. This would ultimately cause the 1967 War (Six Day War), which remains a defining and tragic moment in history for the entire region.
Unfortunately for the PLO and its followers, King Hussain of Jordan withdrew support for the organization. The PLO tried to ally itself with Lebanon, and this also failed as Lebanon was besieged by domestic problems and a civil war. White accurately and necessarily places the 1967 war in context, showing how terrorist organizations and extremist groups were largely reactive rather than proactive. This is true as…
References
Barhoum, K. (n.d.). The origin and history of the PLO. Trans-Arab Research Institute. 17 May, 2014. Retrieved online: http://tari.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=10:the-origin-and-history-of-the-plo&catid=1:fact-sheets&Itemid=10
"Hezbollah: History and Overview." Retrieved online: http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Terrorism/hizbollah.html
White, J.R. (2012). Terrorism and Homeland Security. Wadsworth Cengage.
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