Diabetes Management and Rapid Critical Appraisal Checklists

Rapid Critical Appraisal Checklists for Diabetes Management

The study searches several electronic database to enhance a greater understanding on the database management. First, the paper searches the database of the Cochrane Library to emphasize the importance of database management. The search strategy is by using the EPPI-Centre register using the standard keywords that include Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, Diabetes Management, Glucose Management, Blood Sugar Level, Body Mass Index, and Physical Exercise. The paper also carries out a systematic search in the bibliographic database that include Diabetes care journals, MEDLINE, and PUBMED. The search is also supplemented with hand searching of clinical journals. The study also conducts a limited literature search on key database resources from the Cochrane library, PubMed, Internet, University Library, and Ebscohost nursing resources. The study does not carry out a filter to limit the research retrieval by type. Moreover, the search is limited to document written in English Language between 2010 and 2015.

Selection Criteria

The researcher screens the abstracts and titles of the retrieved publications as well as evaluating the full-text of the publications to select the final articles. The table 1 reveals the criteria used to select the articles.

Table 1: Selection Criteria

Population

Patients with Type 2 diabetes within a long-term care setting, especially elderly frail population

Intervention

Blood Glucose Monitoring

Outcomes

Evidence-based guidelines for monitoring of blood glucose. Example of glycemic and frequency goals.

Study Designs

Systematic reviews, health technology assessments, evidence-based guidelines and meta-analyses.

Exclusion Criteria

The researcher excludes studies that do not meet the selection criteria. The study also excludes duplicate publications, and articles published before 2010 for an evidence-based guideline.

Critical Appraisal Technique

The study uses the AGREE ("Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation") (Xie & Wang, 2012 p 160) instrument11 to evaluate the quality of individual studies. The study uses the scientific merit, strength and limitation to carry out the evaluation. During the search, the researcher identifies a total of 314 articles and after screening the abstracts and titles, the study selects 10 potential articles for a full review.

2. Summary of all the Research Studies

Articles

Summary

Campbell (2012).

The study evaluates the effectiveness of diabetes empowerment on self-care behaviors and medication adherence in adults suffering with type 2 diabetes. The paper emphasizes the effectiveness of empowerment for the management of diabetes. The strength of the article is that it uses multiple regression using the quantitative technique for the analysis. Its weakness was that the authors did not include the variable of self-care in the analysis.

Fisher, (2012)

The author identifies a self-management as effective tool to reduce the risks of diabetes. The strength of the articles is the multivariate analysis used for the analysis that assists in delivering valid results. However, the weakness of the article is that the author only use the sample population in developing results.

National Diabetes Statistics Report. (2014).

The report estimates number of people suffering from diabetes in the United States. The strength of the report is that it shows that 9.3% (29.1 Million) of the U.S. population are suffering from diabetes. Moreover, the report reveals both the direct and indirect costs of diabetes. However, the report does not provide diabetes data for each ethnic group.

Saydah, (2013)

The study reveals the relationship between mortality and socio-economic status of diabetes patients. The paper uses the education and financial wealth of people to determine their socio-economic status. The paper has been able to demonstrate that the socio-economic status is a strong predictor of diabetes because poor health and diet can be linked to diabetes. The weakness of the article is that it does not reveal the relationships of socio-economic status of each ethic group and diabetes prevalent in the United States.

Garg, & Shah (2014)

The "sodium -- glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors" (Garg, & Shah, 2014 p 119) serve as a new therapeutic technique to manage the diabetes because of its potential method to reduce body weight. The strength of the article is that the authors demonstrate the effectiveness of the new technique to manage diabetes. However, the effectiveness of the inhibitors are short-term if the patients cease to use them for diabetes management. Moreover, the authors do not compare the outcomes of the new technique with the traditional methods for managing diabetes.

Ajala, English, & Pinkney (2013)

The authors demonstrate that blood glucose reduction can induce weight loss, which consequently reduce the cardiovascular risks for people suffering from type 2 diabetes. The weakness of the article is that it focuses mainly on quantitative technique for the analysis.

Nancy, Petry, Eda, et al. (2015).

The paper reveals that adolescents suffering from diabetes have difficulties to carry out the tasks to decrease the glucose in the body in order to manage diabetes. However, the study maintains that physical exercise, and weight reduction are the effective strategy to manage diabetes among adults.

The shortcoming of the research is that it only uses the adolescent as the subject population and excludes the adults despite that the authors mention the adult in the study.

Kirk, Arcury, Ip, et al. (2014).