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As mentioned, the technological advancements required for progress were vast, but were somehow attained by the Paleolithic people. The plow, loom, wheel, clay bricks, and calendars were all developed, despite a lack of knowledge surrounding such technical aspects (Bellwood, 2004).
Perhaps the largest factor in the transition was the changing global climate.
During the late Paleolithic period, the farmers of the Middle East concentrated on grain crops and plants that originated in a wet climate. However, these climates changed drastically, forcing the farmers to develop new farming methods to avoid starvation. As a result, some began to travel long distances to find food, but always remained near a water source. The key factor at this time was the change due to the end of the last ice age. As some climates warmed and made planting more efficient, others became nearly void of plants (Bellwood, 2004).
There were many factors involved in the transition to the Neolithic period...
Changes in farming, technology, animal domestication, and social orders forced a drastic lifestyle change for the people of the time. Further, changes in climate and weather systems forced a change in crop-based society and in daily lives of farmers. Such changes, often seen to destroy a civilization, served only to speed up the evolutionary process already occurring.
References
Bellwood, P. (2004). First Farmers: The Origins of Agricultural Societies. New York: Blackwell Publishers.
History of China." China Discovery. Travel China Guide. 2004. Obtained April 27, 2007 at http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/.
Mote, F.W. (1999). Imperial China: 900-1800. Boston: Harvard University Press.
Rossabi, M. (1983). China among Equals: The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors, 10th-14th Centuries. Berkeley: University of California Press.
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