Leadership Analysis on one of the leaders depictd in The road to guilford courthouse (Lord Charles Cornwallis)

Your reference is Field Manual (FM) 6-22, Army Leadership and The Road to Guilford Courthouse by John Buchanan.

Overview: Present a brief overview of the book. Analyze the leadership ability of a character in the book (Lord Charles Cornwallis) in other words, the bulk of your report should focus on leadership. Use the nine leadership competencies found in FM 6-22. Finally, summarize and make a recommendation for the book, positive or negative.

Evaluation: you will be graded on substance, organization, stlye, and correctness and the following questions.

Have you focused on a specific aspect, perspective, position or problem, audience / decision maker and recommendation? Have you considered alternatives sufficiently? Is there enough information? Do you sufficiently analyze your facts to give the read enough evidence for the decision?

Oraganization: Is your controlling idea up front so the listener knows immediately what you want to do? Do you clearly state your main supporting points? Do you smoothly transition between ideas?

Style: Have you chosen familiar and unpretentious vocabulary words? Have you avoided long and cumbersome sentences?

Correctness: Is your presentation free of distracting errors? Have you observed the conventions of standard english?

Last qualification: Must be written in the active voice, no passive sentences.

Leadership Analysis. Research and analyze current/former business leader. Research Paper is on Herb Kelleher, co-founder of Southwest Airlines. This paper should stricly follow this order and guideline:

1) Executive Summary. 1 page.

2) Brief Biography on leader (early years, education, employment, aspects of his life that may have helped mold their leadership style, which is identified). 2 Pages.

3) Situation and/or Career Analysis (Review the events or series of events (within the organization) from which you are focusing your leadership analysis. Remember some leadership styles are advantageous for certain situations, while others are not). 3 Pages.

4) Leadership Analysis, the heart of the project. Support leadership style position and characteristics with in-depth research using creditable sources and citing them. You are expected to also support your position by using material learned in class. 5 Pages

5) Conclusion. 1 Page.

ATTENTION WRITER: Work Cited must use APA format, and the textbook MUST be used in addition to a minimum of eleven (11) sources (other than the textbook). With the textbook, the total number of sources is 12. I faxed you one chapter of our book that you could use in the paper. If you find this chapter irrelevant to paper, you could pick chapter yourself, the book we are using is "Leadership Research findigs, Practice and Skills" 5th edition by Andrew J. Dubrin (Houghton Mifflin Company).
Use only trusted sources (.edu, .gov, etc) and use ONLY online sources which CAN BE ACCESSED!!! Don't use physical books!!! Only materials that could be pulled up on the internet and checked!!! And do not use Wikipedia! Thank you.
There are faxes for this order.

Leadership Analysis & Presentation on Pope John Paul II

Paper must be 8-10 pages and cover the sections outlined under the leadership analysis.
1.0- Background & Demographics
Should cover demographic characteristics of the leader such as education, personal upbringing, etc. Early indicators of leadership, major influences on leadership and early behavior characteristics.

2.0- Life Changing Moments
Should cover milestone events that were life changing, leadership traits and vision, Use of delegation and empowerment, strengths & weaknesses, dyadic relations, competitive strategies and transformational & charismatic leadership qualities.
3.0- Societal Impact-
Should cover uses and outcomes of Power & Influences, strategies used to gain power, political consequences, achievements, failures, prominent leadership style and effects on society and constituents. Influences of values and beliefs as it related to the societal impact.

4.0- Personal Analysis and Qualitative Assessment-
Should cover leadership competencies, ethics & integrity. Leadership effectiveness, locus of control and emotional intelligence. Also include a personal summation on the effectiveness of the leader.

The case for this module calls for you to look at an exercise in "leadership" and then analyze it in terms of its context, its execution, and its consequences. As we noted in the introduction to the module, leadership is not often considered to be a political problem, but it certainly makes sense to consider it in this context, since the political environment of the organization constitutes the critical background within which any leader's efforts must be conducted. Leadership is a political effort, and mobilizes in its service all the formal and informal resources available to those charged with it. For elaboration on these observations, please see:

Leadership and organizational politics. ALAGSE. http://www.alagse.com/leadership/l3.php

In order to place this within a larger political context, however, is most useful for you to start by reviewing this excellent summary of issues in organizational politics:

Wilf Ratzburg, Defining Organizational Politics [Obnotes.Htm: available at http://web.archive.org/web/20080216010425/http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Forum/1650/htmlpolitc01.html

You're going to need access to some of the vocabulary of leadership analysis, both for this case and for your future work. The following is an adequate general summary, cast in a largely nonacademic frame but still reflecting the academic analysis of leadership. (The optional readings and supplementary material contain considerable additional supporting material on leadership analysis if you would like to dig further into this aspect of the case.)

Clark, D. (N.D.) Leadership Styles. http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leadstl.html


Ronald Clement has written an interesting analysis of the relationship between power, leadership, and our new friend --- organizational culture. He describes three companies that all faced a need to change, and had to mobilize various kinds of power and leadership to do so.

Clement, RW (1994) Culture, leadership, and power: the keys to organizational change. Business Horizons. Retrieved May 16, 2010, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1038/is_n1_v37/ai_14922916/



Case Assignment

Read the Clement article in light of the material that you have read on organizational leadership and politics, supplemented if you wish with material from the optional readings and perhaps the supplementary background as well, and even other outside reading you might find by yourself to be useful. Then write a short paper describing how the exercise of leadership depends on understanding the politics of the organization.

Case Assignment Expectations

Your paper should be short (3) pages, not including cover sheet and references) and to the point. You are expected to deal with these issues in an integrated fashion, rather than treating them as a series of individual questions to be answered one by one and left at that. To help guide your thinking, however, you will need to consider issues such as:

Summing up the key lessons of the Clement article in no more than 3-6 sentences.
To what degree does Clement's analysis distinguish among the three companies? Are there areas where you see his advice as the same across situations?

Are there any differences in the time frames or other context features of the situations described that might affect your conclusions about the relationship of politics to leadership??
Summarize your overall thoughts on the management of power in social relationships, the balance of personal vs. organizational responsibility for doing this management, and the relationship of this management (that is, politics) to leadership (please note -- there's no "one right answer" here, but when you've stated your conclusions, remember that you need to back up your argument with facts).

What, if anything, does thinking about an "organization as a political system" add to what we have learned by thinking about an "organization as a machine", an "organization as an organism", an "organization as a brain", and an "organization as a culture"?
You will be particularly assessed on:

Your ability to see what the module is all about -- the "big picture" is the political aspects of organizations-- and structure your paper accordingly.

Your informed commentary and analysis -- this is as important as your summary of the material in the articles -- simply repeating what the articles say does not constitute an adequate paper.
Your ability to apply the professional language and terminology of the underlying model -- in this case, organizational politics ??" correctly and helpfully. However interesting your paper about leadership, it's not going to be complete unless you also show that you can write about it in political terms.

Your ability to apply the language of the political metaphor effectively.

Your effective and appropriate use of in-text citations to the assigned readings and other source material to support your arguments.

Assignment: Writing- Ethics and Leadership Analysis and Application
Read the following course document on Ethics and Leadership Analysis and Application and write about: Kathy Lee Gifford and unethical practices of supplier factories

Write a 10-12 page paper that addresses the following:
1. What are the relevant facts of the case? What facts are not known? Do you know enough to draw a conclusion? What, if any, additional information would you seek?
2. Is this issue about more than what is legal or what is most efficient? If so, how?
3. What was the role of company leadership in this case? How did they impact the case in both the positive and negative way?
4. What individuals and groups have an important stake in the outcome? Are some concerns more important than others? Why do these groups take precedence? Do you agree with this precedence?
5. What are the options for acting? Evaluate the options by asking the following questions:
? Which option will produce the most good and do the least harm? (The Utilitarian Approach)
? Which option best respects the rights of all who have a stake? (The Rights Approach)
? Which option treats people equally or proportionately? (The Justice Approach)
? Which option best serves the community as a whole, not just some members? (The Common Good Approach)
? Which option leads you to act as the sort of person you want to be? (The Virtue Approach)
6. Could this decision or situation be more damaging to someone or to some group? What are the cross cultural dimensions involved? Does this decision involve a choice between a good and bad alternative, or perhaps between two "goods" or between two "bads"? How can all the relevant persons and groups be consulted?
7. Considering all these approaches, which option best addresses the situation?
8. How can the action decision be implemented with the greatest care and attention to the concerns of all stakeholders? Be specific about the cross-cultural dimensions to your answer. Discuss how all stakeholders might be persuaded to this course of action, pointing out cultural issues, as appropriate. In your paper, show how you would present the relevant information as it would be communicated to various stakeholders at a level of detail and sophistication needed to be persuasive.
9. What can the stakeholders learn from this specific situation? What have you learned from this case that you can apply immediately in your own career or life experience?

Read this framework for ethical decision making.
A Framework for Thinking Ethically
This document is designed as an introduction to thinking ethically. We all have an image of our better selves-of how we are when we act ethically or are "at our best." We probably also have an image of what an ethical community, an ethical business, an ethical government, or an ethical society should be. Ethics really has to do with all these levels-acting ethically as individuals, creating ethical organizations and governments, and making our society as a whole ethical in the way it treats everyone.
What is Ethics?
Simply stated, ethics refers to standards of behavior that tell us how human beings ought to act in the many situations in which they find themselves-as friends, parents, children, citizens, businesspeople, teachers, professionals, and so on.
It is helpful to identify what ethics is not:
? Ethics is not the same as feelings. Feelings provide important information for our ethical choices. Some people have highly developed habits that make them feel bad when they do something wrong, but many people feel good even though they are doing something wrong. And often our feelings will tell us it is uncomfortable to do the right thing if it is hard.
? Ethics is not religion. Many people are not religious, but ethics applies to everyone. Most religions do advocate high ethical standards but sometimes do not address all the types of problems we face.
? Ethics is not following the law. A good system of law does incorporate many ethical standards, but law can deviate from what is ethical. Law can become ethically corrupt, as some totalitarian regimes have made it. Law can be a function of power alone and designed to serve the interests of narrow groups. Law may have a difficult time designing or enforcing standards in some important areas, and may be slow to address new problems.
? Ethics is not following culturally accepted norms. Some cultures are quite ethical, but others become corrupt -or blind to certain ethical concerns (as the United States was to slavery before the Civil War). "When in Rome, do as the Romans do" is not a satisfactory ethical standard.
? Ethics is not science. Social and natural science can provide important data to help us make better ethical choices. But science alone does not tell us what we ought to do. Science may provide an explanation for what humans are like. But ethics provides reasons for how humans ought to act. And just because something is scientifically or technologically possible, it may not be ethical to do it.


Why Identifying Ethical Standards is Hard
There are two fundamental problems in identifying the ethical standards we are to follow:
1. On what do we base our ethical standards?
2. How do those standards get applied to specific situations we face?
If our ethics are not based on feelings, religion, law, accepted social practice, or science, what are they based on? Many philosophers and ethicists have helped us answer this critical question. They have suggested at least five different sources of ethical standards we should use.
Five Sources of Ethical Standards
The Utilitarian Approach
Some ethicists emphasize that the ethical action is the one that provides the most good or does the least harm, or, to put it another way, produces the greatest balance of good over harm. The ethical corporate action, then, is the one that produces the greatest good and does the least harm for all who are affected-customers, employees, shareholders, the community, and the environment. Ethical warfare balances the good achieved in ending terrorism with the harm done to all parties through death, injuries, and destruction. The utilitarian approach deals with consequences; it tries both to increase the good done and to reduce the harm done.
The Rights Approach
Other philosophers and ethicists suggest that the ethical action is the one that best protects and respects the moral rights of those affected. This approach starts from the belief that humans have a dignity based on their human nature per se or on their ability to choose freely what they do with their lives. On the basis of such dignity, they have a right to be treated as ends and not merely as means to other ends. The list of moral rights -including the rights to make one's own choices about what kind of life to lead, to be told the truth, not to be injured, to a degree of privacy, and so on-is widely debated; some now argue that non-humans have rights, too. Also, it is often said that rights imply duties-in particular, the duty to respect others' rights.
The Fairness or Justice Approach
Aristotle and other Greek philosophers have contributed the idea that all equals should be treated equally. Today we use this idea to say that ethical actions treat all human beings equally-or if unequally, then fairly based on some standard that is defensible. We pay people more based on their harder work or the greater amount that they contribute to an organization, and say that is fair. But there is a debate over CEO salaries that are hundreds of times larger than the pay of others; many ask whether the huge disparity is based on a defensible standard or whether it is the result of an imbalance of power and hence is unfair.

The Common Good Approach
The Greek philosophers have also contributed the notion that life in community is a good in itself and our actions should contribute to that life. This approach suggests that the interlocking relationships of society are the basis of ethical reasoning and that respect and compassion for all others-especially the vulnerable-are requirements of such reasoning. This approach also calls attention to the common conditions that are important to the welfare of everyone. This may be a system of laws, effective police and fire departments, health care, a public educational system, or even public recreational areas.
The Virtue Approach
A very ancient approach to ethics is that ethical actions ought to be consistent with certain ideal virtues that provide for the full development of our humanity. These virtues are dispositions and habits that enable us to act according to the highest potential of our character and on behalf of values like truth and beauty. Honesty, courage, compassion, generosity, tolerance, love, fidelity, integrity, fairness, self-control, and prudence are all examples of virtues. Virtue ethics asks of any action, "What kind of person will I become if I do this?" or "Is this action consistent with my acting at my best?"
Putting the Approaches Together
Each of the approaches helps us determine what standards of behavior can be considered ethical. There are still problems to be solved, however.
The first problem is that we may not agree on the content of some of these specific approaches. We may not all agree to the same set of human and civil rights.
We may not agree on what constitutes the common good. We may not even agree on what is a good and what is a harm.
The second problem is that the different approaches may not all answer the question "What is ethical?" in the same way. Nonetheless, each approach gives us important information with which to determine what is ethical in a particular circumstance. And much more often than not, the different approaches do lead to similar answers.
Making Decisions
Making good ethical decisions requires a trained sensitivity to ethical issues and a practiced method for exploring the ethical aspects of a decision and weighing the considerations that should impact our choice of a course of action. Having a method for ethical decision making is absolutely essential. When practiced regularly, the method becomes so familiar that we work through it automatically without consulting the specific steps.

The more novel and difficult the ethical choice we face, the more we need to rely on discussion and dialogue with others about the dilemma. Only by careful exploration of the problem, aided by the insights and different perspectives of others, can we make good ethical choices in such situations.
We have found the following framework for ethical decision making a useful method for exploring ethical dilemmas and identifying ethical courses of action.
This framework for thinking ethically is the product of dialogue and debate at the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University. Primary contributors include Manuel Velasquez, Dennis Moberg, Michael J. Meyer, Thomas Shanks, Margaret R. McLean, David DeCosse, Claire Andr?, and Kirk O. Hanson.
This article appeared originally in Issues in Ethics, V. 1, N. 2 (Winter 1988). It was last revised in May 2009.

The case for this module calls for you to look at an exercise in "leadership" and then analyze it in terms of its context, its execution, and its consequences. As we noted in the introduction to the module, leadership is not often considered to be a political problem, but it certainly makes sense to consider it in this context, since the political environment of the organization constitutes the critical background within which any leader's efforts must be conducted. Leadership is a political effort, and mobilizes in its service all the formal and informal resources available to those charged with it. For elaboration on these observations, please see:

Leadership and organizational politics. ALAGSE. http://www.alagse.com/leadership/l3.php

In order to place this within a larger political context, however, is most useful for you to start by reviewing this excellent summary of issues in organizational politics:

Wilf Ratzburg, Defining Organizational Politics [Obnotes.Htm: available at http://web.archive.org/web/20080216010425/http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Forum/1650/htmlpolitc01.html

You're going to need access to some of the vocabulary of leadership analysis, both for this case and for your future work. The following is an adequate general summary, cast in a largely nonacademic frame but still reflecting the academic analysis of leadership. (The optional readings and supplementary material contain considerable additional supporting material on leadership analysis if you would like to dig further into this aspect of the case.)

Clark, D. (N.D.) Leadership Styles. http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leadstl.html


Ronald Clement has written an interesting analysis of the relationship between power, leadership, and our new friend --- organizational culture. He describes three companies that all faced a need to change, and had to mobilize various kinds of power and leadership to do so.

Clement, RW (1994) Culture, leadership, and power: the keys to organizational change. Business Horizons. Retrieved May 16, 2010, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1038/is_n1_v37/ai_14922916/



Case Assignment
Read the Clement article in light of the material that you have read on organizational leadership and politics, supplemented if you wish with material from the optional readings and perhaps the supplementary background as well, and even other outside reading you might find by yourself to be useful. Then write a short paper describing how the exercise of leadership depends on undersanding the politics of the organization.

Case Assignment Expectations
Your paper should be short (4-6 pages, not including cover sheet and references) and to the point. You are expected to deal with these issues in an integrated fashion, rather than treating them as a series of individual questions to be answered one by one and left at that. To help guide your thinking, however, you will need to consider issues such as:

Summing up the key lessons of the Clement article in no more than 3-6 sentences.
To what degree does Clement's analysis distinguish among the three companies? Are there areas where you see his advice as the same across situations?
Are there any differences in the time frames or other context features of the situations described that might affect your conclusions about the relationship of politics to leadership??
Summarize your overall thoughts on the management of power in social relationships, the balance of personal vs. organizational responsibility for doing this management, and the relationship of this management (that is, politics) to leadership (please note -- there's no "one right answer" here, but when you've stated your conclusions, remember that you need to back up your argument with facts).
What, if anything, does thinking about an "organization as a political system" add to what we have learned by thinking about an "organization as a machine", an "organization as an organism", an "organization as a brain", and an "organization as a culture"?
You will be particularly assessed on:

Your ability to see what the module is all about -- the "big picture" is the political aspects of organizations-- and structure your paper accordingly.
Your informed commentary and analysis -- this is as important as your summary of the material in the articles -- simply repeating what the articles say does not constitute an adequate paper.
Your ability to apply the professional language and terminology of the underlying model -- in this case, organizational politics ? correctly and helpfully. However interesting your paper about leadership, it's not going to be complete unless you also show that you can write about it in political terms.
Your ability to apply the language of the political metaphor effectively.
Your effective and appropriate use of in-text citations to the assigned readings and other source material to support your arguments.

Group Leadership Analysis. Length: 10-12 pages. Compare and contrast two examples of what you consider to be excellent versus flawed leadership

In this leadership analysis I want you to compare and contrast two examples of what you consider to be excellent versus flawed leadership. The persons you choose can be from business, politics, family members, etc. They can be contemporary or historical figures. My advice is to choose individuals whom you would like to do research and understand more. Your paper will need to provide relevant background information about the individuals and the context in which their leadership played out. The paper should be 10-12 pages.

The goal of the paper is to explicitly take the frameworks as a tool for defending your leader choices. What makes one of them a Values-Based Leader, and the other simply a Practical Leader? You will be subjecting your intuition to the discipline of analysis and you will need to clearly define the frameworks you utilize. Finally, drawing again from the frameworks of the class, you should have a one page concluding section on how you could personally achieve this level of Values-Based Leadership.

Before starting with the essay - please let me know as the persons you choose to write the essay on.

I will separately email the contents to you.

Thanks
Rohit

I am sending the ?Recommended Proposal Format? over to you to follow the format just like that because sooner, I?ll send the project that you will have to write with all the recommendations, the text book chapters, and telling how many more references etc. . For now the writer is going to send 10 suggested references including text books and articles. Therefore the same writer will be asking to write it. Please, follow every step and make it great and I need you to explain every point in every section and also the checklist needs to be detailed. Each point needs to be said what it?s going to be in the project. It is not an essay yet the essay will be coming.
Read the Instructions and give me a well done work.

It should be written in single space























Recommended Proposal Format

Section 1:
? Project Description (Company/CEO/Top Management Team selected)
? Summarize the team charter here to emphasize your:
? Main Objective/s, Ground Rules for dealing with Team Members
? Team Structure - responsibilities of each team member
? Leadership style recommended for each portion of the Project: (1) report on that used for the charter, proposal reports; (2) plan for organization/leadership analysis and presentation

Section 2:
? Amount of Work Involved Activities that will be Carried Out
? Timeline
Section 3:
? How You Plan to
? Analyze the CEO/Top Management Team selected (LEAD concepts)
? Sources of information you plan to access
? How You Plan to Approach the Presentation and Discussion (development of discussion questions)

Section 4: Collect information to report on in individual team member reports
? Outcomes Expected
? How You Plan to Analyze and Evaluate Process and Success of the Team (surveys, tangible outcomes, personal growth)

Section 5: Preview as a team on
? How this Project might Build Leadership and Teamwork Skills
? The Potential Role of the vLeader Simulation in Individual and Team Development
?
Checklist for Project Proposal
Have we addressed?
(1) Structure and Ground Rules Plan: Supplementary Lecture
(2) Leadership/Motivation Process of each Phase (review phase 1, plan phase 2): Course concepts and supplementary notes
(3) Work Involved and Culture Plan: Course concepts and supplementary notes
(4) Analysis and Presentation Plan: Information sources and use of powerpoint and other resources, plan for use/application of LEAD theories
(5) Outcomes/Evaluation Plan (to be used in individual reports): Deliverables, expectations, feedback sources (team, class, instructor)
(6) Individual/Team Development Reflection PIan: Use of vLeader scores, self-evaluations (textbooks)/ feedback sessions, independent feedback

? Key Concepts for the Proposal
? Remember to use the team charter as your initial source of information. Course concepts inform your planning.
? Utilize course concepts
? Utilize supplementary and lecture notes:
? Structure: Accountability, productivity, performance, conflict, feedback
? Motivation and Politics: Member needs, goals (and) standards, reinforcement
? Process: Communication, participation, responsibilities, team development, interventions, conflict management
? Culture: Culture and climate, creativity

FOREIGN REGION RESEARCH PAPER


1. Requirement: Write a research paper that describes at least five of the common cultural characteristics of a selected region and describe how the history of the region shaped one of those characteristics.

2. Instructions:

a. The leadership analysis must be three to five pages, Times New Roman, 12 font, on plain letterhead, double spaced, plus a bibliography.

b. Site your references. TRADOC G-2 will establish a central repository of referenced materials for your use. The information as to where the location of the repository is to be determined.

3. Overview: Write a research paper on a selected region. In the paper ensure you define the meaning of culture; explain at least five major characteristics that define a culture; and describe the common culture characteristics of a region of the world.

The region I want you to do the research paper on is: NORTH AFRICA

4. Evaluation: The evaluator will consider the following questions as he evaluates research paper:

a. Substance. Have you defined what a culture is, identified five characteristics; described how one of these characteristics formed based on the regions history.

Leadership Project 2

How to carry out the project
You should make sure you are familiar with the overall teaching and learning strategies and
study advice offered in the MBA Programme Handbook before starting work on this project.
When carrying out this project, you should bear the following points in mind:
9 Assessment
The project is underpinned throughout by explorations of an academic perspective on
leadership. The first assignment is focused on the critical analysis of a leader who you either
know or who you admire, and the second assignment has a wider organisational research
base to enable you to understand the dynamics of modern leadership, as well as to
understand your own leadership style and preference.

Assignment Two (60%)
5,500 6,000
words
The assignment title is as follows:
Analyse some contemporary writings relating to effective leadership in modern business
organisations, or an individual organisation, and critically evaluate different strategies and
approaches to leadership within a modern organisational context. Using your findings and
conclusions as a model or benchmark, evaluate your own leadership style to ensure you can
effect improvements in work performance both at an individual and at a company level.
The purpose of this assignment is to give you the opportunity to critically review some current
papers and writings as well as contemporary themes, on leadership. You will then identify
some relevant issues that will enable you to put forward some ?best practice? models in
contemporary organisations. You will use your findings to benchmark your expertise and
capability and assess some learning goals and needs for yourself to ensure that you achieve
your personal leadership goals ? please do not devote more than 1000/1500 words to this
latter section.
You will identify key trends in academic and organisational thinking on effective leadership
and then use these insights to derive conclusions about capabilities, In this paper you will,
identify some key leadership issues for organisations in a diverse and complex business
environment. You will find that there are changing interpretations and understandings about
leadership in modern organisations. John Storey (2004) points out that these contrasting
assumptions can be further analysed into differential assumptions about what specifically is
?effective leadership? This analysis will enable you to critically assess your own leadership
development needs and propose a set of short and medium term actions that will improve
your chances of achieving these goals. You may invite your employer to comment on any
aspects of the assignment but there is no obligation for this to happen. The deadline for
submission of this assignment will be at the end of the MBA programme. The learning
outcomes covered focus on 4 and 5 as well as 2 and 3.











Suggested Structure
Introduction and scene setting ? clear indication of the content of the assignment. Overview
of the topic and clarify terminology. Identify objectives and purpose clearly and set out what
you will achieve (10%)
Review of literature covering relevant past research, studies and articles from relevant books
and journals. Also newspapers. Beware of the internet as there is a mass of inconsequential
and repetitive information here but nevertheless there are some useful websites. Be critical of
the literature and do not just report it (30%)

Use the boundaries and parameters identified relating to leadership theory to explain the
processes relating to effective leadership in a modern organisation or organisations to
understand performance and business growth. Draw on personal experiences, or case
studies where suitable and use this data to justify, develop and analyse reflections sourced in
your literature review (30%)

Use your personal reflections, case studies or other documented evidence relating to
leadership to discuss, evaluate and identify models and theories of best practice relating to
leadership effectiveness. Summarise and conclude this analysis (15%)

From these conceptualisations and conclusions on leadership derive a plan for your own
leadership development. This should identify organisational context, perceived need,
behavioural requirements and development methods to enable you as a leader to achieve
excellence (15%)

? Assignment Two
? Leadership within organisations
? Not about personal leadership
? Most people fail because they focus on too many theories; focus on individual leadership; choose inappropriate theory; research poorly; ignore the final section.



















Study resources for this project
Essential textbook
The essential textbook for this project, which you are strongly encouraged to buy, is:
Kouzes and Posner (2003/1995) The Leadership Challenge ? ISBN 07879
56783.
In addition there are numerous books and journal articles on leadership from both a
theoretical as well as practical perspective. Recommended journals include Harvard
Business Review for global insights. There are a wide variety of suitable websites where you
can check your leadership style and follow up your own interests
Recommended additional resources
You are also strongly encouraged to access and use the following resources:
? Bennis W (1994) "Visionary Leadership" In , Eds. Warren Bennis, Jagdish Parikh, Ronnie
Lessem (1994) Beyond Leadership Oxford? Blackwell
? Collins J C and Porras J I (1998) Built to Last: successful habits of visionary companies.
2nd Edition London? Random
? Davies P (1998) " The Cassandra Complex: how to avoid generating a corporate vision
that no one buys into" in Eds. Andrew Kakabadse, Frederick Nortier and NelloBernard
Abramovici. Success in Sight: Visioning. Thomson Business Press? London
? Davies P (2002) " Military Strategy" In Eds. Mark Jenkins and Veronique Ambrosini.
Strategic Management: a multiperspective
approach pp 153174.
London? Palgrave
? Peter Inge (1996) " Field Marshall Sir Peter Inge" In Eds. Stuart Crainier. Leaders on
Leadership pp 4152.
London? Institute of Management
? Kakabadse A and Kakabadse N ( 1999) Essence of Leadership International Thomson ?
London
? Keegan J (1987) Mask of Command London? Penguin
? Kouzes J M and Posner B Z (2003) The Leadership Challenge San Francisco? JosseyBass
? Leavy Band Wilson D (1994) Strategy and Leadership London? Routledge
? Machiavelli N ( 1962 ) The Prince London? Penguin
? Roberts A (2003) Hitler and Churchill: secrets of leadership London? Weidenfield and
Nicholson
? Slim W (1956 ) Defeat into Victory London? Cassell and Co. Ltd
? Sonsino S (2002) "Leadership perspective." In Eds. Mark Jenkins and Veronique
Ambrosini. Strategic Management: a multiperspective
approach pp 222249.
London?
Palgrave
? Storey J (Ed) (2004) Leadership in Organisations ? Current Issues and Trends, Routledge
Sun Tzu (1981) The Art of War London? Hodder and Stoughton
? Uyterhoven H E R, Ackeraman R W and JRosenblum J W (1973) Strategy and Texts in
General Management Homewood Ill.? Richard D. Irwin
Recommended journals and other periodicals
There are a number of journals and other periodicals which you should browse and delve into
whenever you have an opportunity. Please note that many of these may be available
University and its website.
Recommended journals include Harvard Business Review for global insights. It is important to
read the quality newspapers as there are often articles relating to leadership here ? the Business sections, particularly at weekends are good. Also the Economist has excellent
articles which would be relevant, not just for this unit but for your studies generally.
Recommended websites and online content
The following websites and online resources also contain much that will help you as you carry
out your project:
? www.executivespeaker.
com/spch0024.html
? www.ldl.co.uk/inspirationalleadershipmaangementtrainingcourse.
htm
? www.ccl.org/CCLCOmmerce/indiex.aspx?CatalogID=Home
? www.cipd.co.uk

Leadership Theories Comparison

Review four leadership theories you have studied. Create a table in which you compare and contrast three key variables of leadership found in these theories.
Select one of the leadership theories in your table.
Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper explaining how you might refer to this leadership style as a leader of a cross-functional team charged with improving service to key customers. What process steps might you take? Why?
Refer to Table 1-3 in the Yukl text.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
References
Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in organizations (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

LEADERSHIP & ORGANISATIONS
COURSEWORK ASSIGNMENT TUTORIAL

Front cover:

Leadership & Organisations

Case Study: ?Bill Gates and Steve Jobs?
Question:
Using relevant leadership, management and organisational theory covered in the module, compare and contrast and critically discuss the leadership styles of Bill Gates and Steve Jobs. Consider the impact their respective styles and behaviour had on the organisation and their employees and, conversely, how organisational factors may have influenced their leadership.

Word Count: 1500

I would like (Grade) High 2:1 / 70-85%

Structure

? The Assignment is 1500 words (+/- 10%). Word count should be entered on front cover. (Excludes ?References? and ?Appendices?)

? Contents page or Abstract is not required.

? The Assignment is in the form of an Essay:

(Read the ASU?s Guide on Essay Writing).

Some points to note are?????????..

? Write a flowing coherent essay. Use of Headings and Sub-headings is permitted.

? Introduction: (8-10% of word count) Define key words in the title. Briefly outline any problems that the terms might suggest. Give background information on the topic, setting the scene & context.

? Main Body: findings, synthesis & analysis. Each paragraph should only address one topic or issue. Two paragraphs can state one issue BUT not two issues in one paragraph: you will overload the reader with information. To write clear sentences remember KISS ? Keep It Short and Simple.
o Paragraphs contain PEEEL. Each has a main Point. This topic sentence is best at the beginning of the paragraph so the reader is clear what that paragraph is about. The rest of the paragraph is used to say more about that topic. It will contain Evidence of the main point, an Explanation/Examination, some Examples and it will Link to the previous / next paragraph and/or the title.
o A quotation alone does not make a paragraph as it must include your comments.
o Use signposting to guide your reader through your essay, indicating the sequence of your discussion/ analysis/evaluation, etc. Each section should be in the order indicated in the Introduction.

? Conclusions: (8-10% of word count). Do not introduce new material/arguments. Summarise the key points from the main body. Suggest implications or areas worthy of further consideration.

? Referencing: Use Harvard Referencing; list sources alphabetically by the author?s surname. Do not number, bullet point or divide sources by type, i.e. journals, websites, etc. (see ASU Guide to Harvard Referencing).


Appendices

? Up to 5 appendices are permitted.

? Each Appendix must be numbered 1 to 5 and relate to a specific point in the essay. If two or more items refer to a particular point, such as comparing two or more theoretical models or charts, then these can be numbered (a), (b), etc. ? such as 2(a), 2(b)?.

? Do not repeat models or theory that are contained in your Lecture slides. This section is only for NEW material that explains, amplifies or supports your points.

Marking Criteria

? Degree of academic rigour
? Against Learning Outcomes (see below)
? Critical discussion/analysis (see Pg.6)
? Breadth and depth of literature and linking theory to practice
? Original thought and writing
? Presentation and well structured
? Alignment to the question set
? Harvard referencing
Learning Outcomes
Knowledge and Understanding of

- the origins and contemporary applications of management and leadership theory;
- management and leadership practice;
- the impact of organisations on individual and leader behaviour.

Skills and Attributes

- assess different approaches to leadership and management;
- discuss factors which influence the behaviour of individuals and leadership practice in organisations;
- evaluate the effectiveness of particular organisational leadership styles.

Case Study Specifics
? Use Leadership theories to identify the two leaders? respective approaches to leading and managing (See the first two topics on Leadership - draw from the approaches discussed there and accompanying models, or from any wider reading you?ve done);

? Draw from definitions of leadership, management, behaviour;

? Effect on morale and motivation (see topic on ?Leadership & Motivation?);

? Impact on, and by, organisational culture ? internally; externally e.g. towards customers, ???.. (see topic on ?Organisational Culture?);

? Impact of external factors on behaviour/style (see topic on ?Organisational Management?, specifically the ?Systems Approach?);

? Update discussion to reflect current position in both organisations (such as effect of current economic conditions, legislation, competition ? but without going into too much detail on these factors as this is not a Business assignment, only insofar as they impact on leadership/management behaviour);

? Whilst figures may be quoted in support of your points, detailed market statistics and financials such as balance sheets or P&L accounts are not required.

? Remember, there is no right or wrong answer. Any conclusion is valid provided it is founded on reasoned discussion or argument;

? Interviews with employees of the two organisations are NOT permitted, even if they are family or friends. This is primary research for which Ethics approval will be needed.

? Comments on companies? forums/customer reviews are not recognised sources because they cannot be authenticated. However, if there is a theme emerging that further proves or disproves a point that you have already discussed, then that theme can be used to further supplement your academic findings.

? Critical discussion ? what are the positive and negative aspects of the above, or advantages/disadvantages, argue, challenge, reach conclusions on the basis of your discussion or argument.
Note: Only under such discussions will you be permitted to use the first person ?I?. However, phrases like ?I feel? or ?I think? or ?I believe? should not be used as they imply opinion without a reasoned argument. On the other hand, e.g. ?On the basis on these discussions (or argument), I can conclude/infer that???.?. The third person can also be used if you are more comfortable with this, e.g. ?On the basis on these discussions (or argument), it can be concluded/inferred (or it is reasonable to conclude/infer), that???.?;
? Do not waste your Word Count by reproducing definitions that we have visited in the lectures. Just referring to them will suffice, such as:

?Whilst Herzberg?s (1959) Motivators appear to have universal acceptance, the culture within the organisation favours recognition from a money-driven perspective which fits more with the Scientific principles of Taylor (1911) and derived partly from the Authority-Obedience behaviour of its leadership and management as depicted by the Blake & McCanse (1991) Leadership model?.

However, definitions/theoretical models not covered in the lectures must be given and referenced.

? Journals are a valuable source of information. Try different ?key words? for your search as they appear in, or relate to, the question asked. Use the Journals Access site on Studynet and remember to tick the Athens box.

Leadership models assignment.
Ldr/711A

1400 word paper comparing and contrasting four leadership models or theories. Include the following :
Describe the similarities and differences between three models. Discuss how each model might address contemporary leadership issues and challenges. For the purpose of this assignement, use the terms models and theories synonymously. Provide references to the two main texts, a least three of the supplement texts, and appropriate perr-reviewed literature to support your judgement, assertions, and conclusions.

Leadership Self -Assessment

The purpose of this paper is for you to examine your leadership style. Using your textbook as a reference, write a paper describing your own leadership style.



For this paper:



? Identify the key characteristics that represent your strengths as a nurse leader

? Identify the areas of professional development that you need to work on to further develop your leadership abilities

? Describe how your unique characteristics will support change in your workplace, and how they may create barriers to change.

? Describe what other types of styles you would seek out for your leadership team. For example, as a very conceptual thinker or a visionary leader, it may be best to team up with a detail oriented team member.



This paper should be APA formatted and should be 5-6 pages including the cover page and reference page.

Leadership Research
Find one peer-reviewed research article related to the historical foundations of leadership and one peer-reviewed article related to leadership research after 1990. Then, submit a 700-1050-word assignment in which you summarize each article, briefly outline the research methodologies used, and discuss the lessons learned from the articles that apply to the topics of class discussion and your own Research Study topic.

Leadership Styles and Patterns
Leadership is an essential part of effective human services organizations. Scholars have published literature on leadership within the area of human services since the early 1900?s. Since then, multiple theoretical approaches of leadership have emerged.
One of the first theoretical approaches was the trait approach. This approach suggests that leaders are born not made. Later theoretical approaches emphasized that a leader?s success was based on his/her leadership style and charisma. Other approaches suggested that the success or failure of leadership depended on the contingency or situation. More recent approaches focus on leadership styles, especially task oriented versus people oriented.
To be effective, it is important for human services organizations to select leaders that fit their organization. For this Assignment, use the "Leadership Matrix" attached to compare and contrast task-oriented versus people-oriented leadership styles and patterns. You will be instructed to select a human services organization with which you are interested or familiar. As you proceed through the Matrix, you are to select each statement that represents types of leadership or patterns within the human services organization you selected.
The assignment: (3?4 pages)
? Briefly describe the human service organization you selected to complete the Leadership Matrix.
? Compare and contrast task-oriented internal leadership with task-orientated external leadership. Then explain when each style is most appropriate for the organization you selected.
? Compare and contrast people-oriented internal leadership with people-orientated external leadership. Then explain when each style is most appropriate for the organization you selected.
? Explain insights and conclusions on the leadership styles and patterns of the organization as a result of completing the Leadership Matrix.
Support your Assignment with specific references to all resources used in its preparation.

***LEADERSHIP APPLICATIONS IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE***

Post your Leadership Case Problem answers to Case A of Chapter 4 to the Discussion Board. Follow the "Case Study Format" document that is provided in Doc Sharing. You should fully analyze the case studies by first identifying the key issues and likely root causes before you attempt to answer the questions in the textbook associated with each case study. The length of your post should range between 500 words minimum and 1,500 words maximum.

Leadership in the Learning Community

The role of leader in supporting staff and/or students is critical to the effectiveness of the organization. From your(as a principle) experiences, cite examples of how a leader can provide support to adults or students. Describe the challenges and obstacles that you might encounter in providing this leadership.

Analysis must include concepts covered in class and concepts that are covered in the text book ??" but not included in class lectures.
Case is below ??" it is dealing with the experiences of a dot.com retailer. It needs to include the following concepts ??" delegation, empowerment, giving presentations, conducting meetings and team work. Need to determine how these subject areas apply to the case and make sure of specific course concepts in those areas to help explain what is going g on in the case. What is happening? What are the problems and opportunities that the actors in the case are facing? What can the ACTORS IN THE CASE DO TO EFFECTIVELY MANAGE THOSE PROBLEMS? What are the figures in the case doing wrong or right? Why are those actions successful or successful? Acting as a consultant to those people, what, according to concepts, might you advise them to do differently?
Paper cannot be longer than 2 pages ??" response must be double spaced ??" margins of a least 2 inch on ever side and the typeface must be times new roman 12 pitch.

Study
Mary Tarkington, CEO of one of the major dot.com retailers, became concerned that too many employees at the company were stressed out and physically unhealthy. Tarkington said, I have walked through our distribution center at many different times of the day and night, and I see the same troublesome scene. The place is littered with soft-drink cans and fast-food wrappers. Loads of our workers have stomachs bulging out of their pants. You always see a few workers huddled outside the building smoking. The unhealthiness around the company is also reflected in high absenteeism rates and health insurance costs that are continually risking.

I want to see a big improvement in the health of our employees. It makes sense from the standpoint of being a socially responsible company, and from the standpoint of becoming more profitable. With this in mind, I am appointing a project team to study how we can best design and implement a company wellness program. Each member of the team will work about five hours per week on the project. I want to receive a full report in forty-five days, and I expect to see progress reports along the way.

Five people were appointed to the wellness task force. Ankit, a programmer; Jennifer, a web site designer; Brent, a systems analyst; Derek, a logistics technician; and Kristine, a human resource specialist. During the first meeting, the group appointed Kristine as the Wellness Task Force head because of her professional specialty. Ankit, Jennifer, and Derek offered Kristine their congratulations and wished her the best. Brent offered a comment with a slightly different tone: I can see why the group chose you to hear our task force, I vote for you also, but I think we should be starting with a blank tablet. We are making no assumptions that anybodys ideas carry more professional weight than anybody elses ideas.

The next time the group met, each member reported some preliminary findings about wellness programs they had research. Ankit summarized a magazine article on the topic; Jennifer reported on a friends experience with her company wellness program; Derek presented some data on how wellness programs can boost productivity and morale; Kristine reported on www.workforce.com, a human resources website that carries information about wellness programs. Each spent about six minutes on their presentation.

Brent then walked up to the front of the conference room, and engaged his laptop computer. He then began a twenty-five minute PowerPoint presentation about what he thought the company should be doing, along with the industry data about wellness programs. At the end of Brents presentation Kristine commented with a quizzical look, Thanks Brent, but I thought we agreed to around a five-minute presentation this first time around

Brent replied, Good point Kristin, yet Im only doing what I considered best for getting our mission accomplished

Ten days later, CEO Tarkington visited the task force to discuss its progress. Kristine, as the task force head, began the progress report. She pointed out that the group had gathered substantial information about corporate wellness programs. Kristine also notes that so far establishing one at the company looked feasible and worthwhile. She also noted that the group was beginning to assemble data about the physical requirements for having a wellness program, and the cost of implementation.

With a frown, Brent said, No so fast Kristine. Since we last met, I have taken another look at the productivity figures about wellness centers, People who run wellness programs apparently supplied those figures, so the information could be tainted. I say that we are rushing too fast to reach a decision. Lets get some objective data before making a recommendation to the company.

Kristine groaned as she looked at Mary Tarkington and the task force members. She whispered to Jennifer to her right, There goes Brent, showboating again

LEADERSHIP

FIRST, a "thought piece" is an element of writing meant to be thought-provoking and speculative that consists chiefly of background material and personal opinion and analysis of leadership

SECOND, an abstract is a brief summary (about 200-300 words) of a scientific paper, generally stating:
Information about the author(s) or researcher(s)
The hypotheses tested
A brief description of the methods used
The conclusions obtained
Abstracts allow one to preview quickly publications and to facilitate archiving of papers

THIRD, in essence, find or identify a leadership problem, issue, or dynamic with which you have "real world" experience; analyze it; and provide a finding or recommendation

FOURTH, do not "over-engineer" this effort or your approach

? Identify the leadership concepts and explain them in your own words. Though you may include selective but brief quotations, you must avoid relying too much on the readings' explanations, as I have noted earlier, as anyone can provide a compendium of references, quotes, and citations. Be sure to identify and explain the basic idea and elements of the theory, situation or context in which you have an interest.
? Descriptively use one recent, concrete example.
? Analyze the example in terms of the theory. Be detailed and specific. Submit a finding or recommendation(s), if applicable.
? Conclude with a discussion about the significance of the theory and/or your observations.
? Consider including sections such as Abstract, Methodology, Results, Conclusions, Opportunities, Trends, Best Practices, Recommendations, etc., as it will be good practice for your doctoral project efforts; however, it is not mandatory to do so

Leadership Style
Throughout your career, you will work with many people who display differing leadership styles. As a nurse leader, it is imperative that you communicate well and get along with those whose leadership style does not align with your preferences. It is also important to understand your own leadership style, as this can prompt insight into how others relate to you and what skills you may need to develop as your leadership responsibilities grow.
To prepare:
Review the information in the Learning Resources, including the leadership styles identified in Chapter 2 (p. 38) of the course text.
Bring to mind a leader in your organization or one with which you are familiar. Would you describe his or her style as authoritative, democratic, or laissez-faire? Why?
Which characteristics or approaches demonstrated by this person would you integrate into your own leadership style? Which ones would you prefer not to integrate?
Think about how this leaders style and resulting interactions may impact health care quality and patient outcomes.
Post on or before Day 3 a description of a leader, distinguishing his or her style as authoritative, democratic, or laissez-faire. Describe the characteristics that inform your perception, and explain which ones you would integrate into your own leadership style, as well as which ones you would prefer not to integrate. Explain at least one potential effect of this leadership style on health care quality and patient outcomes.
Read a selection of your colleagues responses.

?Analysis of Global Leadership Competencies?, of your ?Becoming a Global Leader? project in which you will be expected to:

Develop a profile of competencies of effective global leadership. Select one global leader from both today and a century of your choice whom you think exhibit the characteristics you have identified and provide a brief summary of their lives.
Provide an analysis on how to incorporate the effective global leadership competencies into your own leadership approach.

Leadership in Criminal Justice/Active Learning 1.1

Post your Leadership Case Problem answers to either Case A or B of Chapter 1. Follow the "Case Study Format" document that is provided in Doc Sharing. You should fully analyze the case studies by first identifying the key issues and likely root causes before you attempt to answer the questions in the textbook associated with each case study. The length of your post should range between 500 words minimum and 1,500 words maximum.

****I WILL SEND THE ATTACHMENTS FOR THE CASE STUDY AND THE CASE STUDY FORMAT*****

Leadership: Ethics - DUE WED JULY 30TH


Section 1

Read: Chapter Nine in Ethics: The Heart of Leadership and the Introduction In 200 words:

1. Describe a moment of transforming leadership or transforming followership that you have initiated.

2. What was it about you, your behavior, your attitude and the way your perceived that moment that would classify this moment as transforming? (suggestion...begin by identifying the qualities and/or ethics of transforming leadership or followership.

Section 2
Read the Introduction, Chapters 1and 2 in The anatomy of ethical leadership.
In 200 words, what is your assessment of transformational or transforming leadership after reading our text, Ethics: The Heart of Leadership?

Support your position. What did you find most valuable in this text? What will you take with you from Ciulla's book? CHAPTER 8 AND 9


Section 3

Read Chapters Three in the Langlois text along with the appendix.

Langlois suggests that case studies and programs that train people to act in very specific ways when facing ethical situations are not effective methods for teaching ethics in organizations. In 200 words:

1. For reading this book, what does the author mean by that?

2. What is your response?


There are faxes for this order.

Leadership scholars recognize that the most successful leaders revitalize and transform their organizations. Accordingly, these leaders? style is often referred to as ?transformational leadership.? Transformational leadership is perceived as a leadership approach that effects change in individuals and in groups. In its ideal form, it creates valuable and positive change in followers with the end goal of developing followers into leaders. In its authentic form, transformational leadership enhances the motivation, morale, and performance of followers through a variety of mechanisms. These include connecting the followers' sense of identity and self to the mission and the collective identity of the organization; being a role model for followers that inspires them; challenging followers to take greater ownership for their work, and understanding the strengths and weaknesses of followers, so the leader can align followers with tasks that optimize their performance.

Required Reading

Carless, S. A., Wearing, A. J., & Mann, L. (2000). A short measure of transformational leadership. Journal of Business and Psychology, 14, 389-405.

This article can be found in the ABI/INFORM (Proquest) database.

Assignment

Read the article by Carless, Wearing, & Mann, L. (2000). Then after gaining a clear idea of the meaning of the seven behavioral manifestations of transformational leadership, determine your transformational leadership score following these rules:
1.Give yourself a score between 1 (rarely or never) and 5 (very frequently) on each of the seven dimensions.
2.Add up your scores and divide them by 7 to get your average score on the scale.
3.Ask someone who knows you well (preferably someone who works with you) to rate your leadership behavior on the scale and calculate the average score.
4.Compare the results obtained by yourself and your friend/peer.
5.What do you think about your scores on that scale? Are they high/low? What does it say about your leadership style?
6.Based on the results you obtained, what aspect of your leadership behavior do you think you should focus on to improve your leadership style? How might this translate into actual behaviors at the workplace? What might be the results of such an improvement?

It is vital that you get a second opinion about your leadership behavior from someone who knows you, preferably in the work context. If you cannot get a second opinion as part of this exercise, be sure that you provide a thorough explanation of why it's not possible. Just ignoring this part of the exercise will cost you part of a grade.

Your paper should be short (2-3 pages, not including the cover sheet, references, and assessment sheet) and to the point. You are expected to deal with these issues in an integrated fashion, rather than treating them as a series of individual questions to be answered one by one.

Keys to the Assignment

The key aspects of this assignment that should be covered in your paper include:
?Complete the assessment according to the guidelines and interpret the results.
?Include the actual instrument and results.
?Based on your results, explain how you could improve your leadership behaviors and under what conditions.
?Based on your results, explain how improving your leadership behaviors might translate into actual behaviors at the workplace? And what might be the results of such an improvement?

Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated on the following points:
?Precision - Does the paper address the question(s) or task(s)?
?Breadth - Is the full breadth of the subject, i.e., the Keys to the Assignment, addressed?
?Depth - Does the paper address the topic in sufficient depth and include the background readings and other background resources as references?
?Critical thinking - Is the subject thought about critically, i.e., accurately, logically, relevantly, and precisely?
?Clarity - Is the writing clear and are the concepts articulated properly? Are paraphrasing and synthesis of concepts the primary means of responding to the questions or are points conveyed through excessive use of quotations?
?Organization - Is the paper well written? Are the grammar, spelling, and vocabulary appropriate for graduate-level work? Are headings included in all papers longer than two pages?
?Referencing (citations and references) - Does the paper include citations and quotation marks where appropriate? Are the references from the background readings and assignment present and properly cited? Are all the references listed in the bibliography present and referred to via citation?
?Application - Are the concepts of the module appropriately applied to the subject?

Tips and Suggestions

Please note the following tips and suggestions:
?Include a cover page and reference page in addition to the 2?3 pages of analysis described above.
?Include headings for all papers longer than two pages (basically all papers), but do not use headings as "space fillers."
?Cite and reference all sources that you use in your work, including those that you do not quote but paraphrase. This means include citations and quotation marks for direct quotes of more than five words, and include citations for information that you have "borrowed" or paraphrased from other sources.