Escobar’s “Bloody Christmas”: The History of Crime and Punishment in the United StatesEscobar used the case of “Bloody Christmas” to highlight the larger cultural issues during the 1950s in L.A. by showing how the police beating incident led the way to a confrontation between the Mexican American community and the burgeoning Mexican American civil rights movement in the city. While 8 officers were indicted (Escobar, 2003), this was just the latest crime by police in a series of injustices that were motivated by race. For example, Escobar (2003) notes that “beginning with early twentieth-century police attacks on Mexican immigrants, through efforts to destroy Mexican American labor unions in the 1930s, the Zoot Suit riots of World War II, the attempts to suppress the Chicano movement of the 1960s, and culminating with the most recent Rampart scandal, the LAPD has a lengthy history of harassment, physical abuse, and civil rights violations against Mexican Americans and other minority individuals” (p. 173). In other words, all throughout the 20th century there has been tension between the Hispanic community in L.A. and law enforcement. Escobar shows that leading up to Bloody Christmas, the police department had been very...

178). A culture war was truly underway in L.A. in that era, as powerful business and political interests held relationships both with the criminal underworld and with the police. This made it difficult for Mexican Americans to etch out their own place in city that was being fought over by larger classes and interest groups.
The case of “Bloody Christmas” highlighted the issues police professionalization by showing that problems with this approach to policing. Instead of Parker holding the officers responsible he pressed for more autonomy. Instead of placing the police in a position where they would be accountable to the community, Parker asserted that he and his department must be able to police itself and discipline itself so that the city could not take advantage of it. It was really just a power play for Parker and he was using police professionalization as a pretext for tightening his own control as the Chief…