Loevinger's Stages Of Ego Development Jane Loevinger's Stages of Ego Development

Jane Loevinger's theory about the stages of ego development builds upon Harry Stack Sullivan's earlier theory of ego development stages such as Impulsive, Conformist, Conscientious, and Autonomous. Loevinger's theory is a more complex one, describing how ego organizes and directs the activities of the person as subject. Each development stage, in Loevinger's theory, is characterized by a psychic structure that defines the form in which one's self and others are experienced. In Loevinger's conception, each stage may be classified as preconformist (characterized by needs and immediate gratification), conformist (the stages of acceptance of others), and postconformist (the stages where one is aware of complex individual differences and separateness). The earlier stages characterize children and the latter characterize adults, though adults may express the stages of early development as well (Kirshner, 1988).

Loevinger describes the first stage of ego development as The Presocial Stage. In this stage, infants'...

15-16). In the Impulsive Stage, the child is preoccupied with sexual and aggressive bodily impulses, and also experiences a sense of a separate identity. The other at this stage is considered to be good or bad depending on the other's offer of reward or punishment. In the next stage, described as the Self-Protective Stage, the individual starts to demonstrate early steps toward self-control of impulses, understanding "the existence of rules as a guiding standard for behavior, although the framework remains largely external." A child or a young adult at this stage is characterized by what Loevinger calls "opportunistic hedonism": the individual disclaims responsibility while trying to take control and advantage over others (Kirshner, 1988, pp. 20-21).
At the Conformist Stage, the person begins to identify him/herself with rules and see oneself as…