This paper addresses four interrelated topics in nursing education and practice. It defines accreditation as established by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) and explains why external quality standards protect both students and patients. It then examines how accreditation drives continuous program improvement in response to evolving healthcare legislation, technology, and interdisciplinary practice. The paper next applies Maslow's hierarchy of needs to nursing practice, arguing that holistic patient care must account for physiological, social, and existential needs alongside physical health. Finally, it extends Maslow's framework to nurse wellbeing, connecting unmet personal needs to burnout and job dissatisfaction, and calls on healthcare organizations to support nurses' mental and physical health.
According to the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE), "accreditation is a nongovernmental process conducted by representatives of postsecondary institutions and professional groups. As conducted in the United States, accreditation focuses on the quality of institutions of higher and professional education and on the quality of educational programs within institutions" (Standards of Accreditation for Post-Baccalaureate Nurse Residency Programs, 2008, CCNE).
Accreditation is a source of objective evidence from an outside entity that a program meets certain quality and content standards. This is essential for both students and patients. Students make a considerable financial and time investment in their education and need to expect that they can emerge with real skills as well as a diploma upon graduation. They do not have the tools to vet a program before they are accepted. Patients have a right to expect that the nurses who oversee their care graduated from high-quality programs. Accreditation serves the interest of everyone in the healthcare system.
In addition to ensuring standardization, accreditation reviews ensure that a program is continually improving and keeping current with changes in the healthcare environment. Programs cannot remain static in terms of the information they transmit to graduates. Technology is growing more complex; changes in legislation mean changes in funding and the emphasis placed on preventative medicine; and the relationship of nurses to other healthcare providers is likewise in flux. Nursing accreditation bodies must take all of this into consideration when evaluating a university on a regular basis. Accreditation is never granted once and in perpetuity — institutions are under regular review, so a once-qualified program may be denied and must bring its standards back up to code.
Nurses are continually learning, and many return to school to enhance their credentials. The schools that teach them must also be changing, learning, and growing with the needs of the world outside. The pillars of nursing education are today defined as learning how to "deliver patient-centered care as members of an interdisciplinary team, emphasizing evidence-based practice, quality improvement approaches, and informatics" (Lifelong Learning in Medicine and Nursing, 2008, p. 8). The relatively recent nature of these developments to nursing practice underlines the vital importance of nursing programs remaining fresh and future-focused.
"Maslow's framework applied to holistic patient assessment"
"Maslow's hierarchy explains nurse burnout and self-care needs"
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