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Accounting
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What is Accounting?

Accounting is the systematic process of recording, analyzing, and reporting financial information, and it sits at the foundation of nearly every business and economics curriculum. Students across introductory finance courses, managerial accounting seminars, and advanced taxation programs engage with this subject because it governs how organizations track costs, measure performance, and demonstrate accountability. Its academic interest lies in the tension between standardized rules and real-world judgment — particularly as the role of the accountant has shifted alongside a dynamic global business environment, making the profession itself a subject worth examining.

The papers archived on this topic reflect a wide range of approaches. Some take a systems-focused angle, examining cost accounting structures, product costing methods such as ABC and job costing, and how those frameworks apply to specific industries like contracting. Others adopt a standards-comparison approach, weighing GAAS against GAGAS to evaluate audit quality. Case-study analysis also appears prominently, with papers grounding abstract concepts in company-specific scenarios involving financial statements, income tax accounting, and loss contingencies. A handful of papers zoom out to consider the broader role accounting plays in the economy and the evolving responsibilities of the accounting profession.

A strong essay on accounting needs a focused thesis — arguing for a position about a specific method, standard, or practice rather than summarizing definitions. Evidence drawn from financial statements, regulatory frameworks, and concrete company examples carries the most weight. The most common pitfall is treating accounting as purely procedural; strong essays connect technical details to meaningful business or policy outcomes, showing why a given accounting choice matters beyond the numbers themselves.

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Paper Undergraduate

U.S. Government Deficits: Causes, Scale, and Impact

U.S. Government Deficits Introduction Why is it that the U.S. Government can spend more than it brings in through taxes and other revenue? What are the specific reasons why the U.S. can consistently and constantly operate its programs and conduct official business while running a huge deficit? These questions and others will be reviewed in this paper. The Deficit – why and by how much is the U.S. in debt? A May, 2012 article in the Economist quotes Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney saying that the U.S. Government has "…a moral responsibility not to spend more than we take in" (Economist, 2012, p. 1). The article reminds Romney that if what he is saying is true then America is "…a thoroughly depraved and immoral country" because in 76 of the past 100 years "the US government has spent more than it has taken in" (Economist, p. 1). In fact in 26 of the past 30 years the government has spent more than it received in taxes.

Research Paper Doctorate

Privatization in Saudi Arabia vs. UAE: A Comparative Study

Academics, policy makers, and other specialists, let alone the general public, have a tendency to perceive the Middle East as a monolith. The truth, however, shows that it is a region filled with contrasts, extremes,…

Paper Doctorate

Alberta Tar Sands: Environmental Impacts and Energy Debate

Alberta Tar Sands Issues Introduction The tar sands oil reserves in Alberta, Canada, represent the second largest proven petroleum reserve in the world – right behind the reserves in Saudi Arabia. The Alberta tar sands are located in the vast boreal forest of Canada, just north of Montana, and it is estimated that nearly 179 billion barrels of oil are in the tar sands, according to Bridget Mintz Testa, writing in the peer-reviewed journal Mechanical Engineering (Testa, 2008). The great volume of crude oil is seen as a positive, reliable source of energy for Canada and other countries that will be importing this oil. The extraction, production, and transportation of tar sands oil also represents a number of serious environmental impacts, which will be reviewed in this paper.

Essay Doctorate

Internal Controls and Risk Management in Organizations

This paper talks about the importance of internal controls in an organization that is in the insurance industry. Organizations have the responsibility of accounting for all of their financial and operational data in an effective and efficient manner that is in compliance with all regulations as well as industry practices. Having a set of internal controls in place can help streamline an operation which provides a level of efficiency as well as offers protections again various risks.

Paper Undergraduate

Mutual Fund Manager: Roles, Risks, and Responsibilities

Definition of the Fund Manager Position and Major Responsibilities

Research Paper Doctorate

Applying the Just Practice Framework to a Social Justice Case

While it is understand that the core processes of the just practice framework are not linear, they are addressed that way in this paper for the sake of simplicity and clarity. In fact, the core processes occur both in an iterative fashion and often, too, simultaneously, as nested processes that are largely inseparable. While they are core processes, they are also ways of approaching the transactions between the social worker and the client, and transactions among the stakeholders.

Thesis Undergraduate

Working Capital Management: Theory and Financial Practice

This work examines working capital and its theoretical constructs and contributes to the Effectiveness to Advancce Financial Management Practice. The term ‘working capital' is reported in the work of Seidman (2004) to have several meanings "in business and economic development finance. In accounting and financial statement analysis, working capital is defined as the firm's short-term or current assets and current liabilities. Net working capital represents the excess of current assets over current liabilities and is an indicator of the firm's ability to meet its short term financial obligations." (Seidman, 2004)

Paper Doctorate

CPA Ethics Violations: Rules, Cases, and Consequences

If someone were to ask you what you thought was the most deceitful profession, certified public accountants would most certainly not be the first to come to mind. That is because CPAs are known and respected for their honesty. The profession goes out of its way to project that image, and there is a certain amount of truth to it. However, not all CPAs are squeaky clean and respected for their honesty. Some are quite dishonest and are putting a black mark on the image of the entire profession. There is one area where the CPA profession has fallen short of protecting the public interest. There is a general duty that accountants owe to their clients and the other persons who are affected by their actions. Two elements compose the general duty of performance: skill and care. Another element and responsibility is owed to clients and other persons, which is that accountants should observe a standard of ethical or social responsibility.

Research Paper Doctorate

Accounting and Intrusion Detection: Cost-Benefit Analysis

In a report issued by Paladin Technologies, Inc., entitled: "Security Metrics: Providing Cost Justification for Security Projects," 273 organizations were surveyed on the topic of security.

Paper Doctorate

GLBA Information Security Program for Financial Institutions

The objective of this work in writing is to examine the implementation of a GLBA-complaint information security program.The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) requires financial institutions to develop as well as implement and maintain a written information security program focused on protecting the privacy and integrity of the records of their customers. Personal information of customers includes any information customer provides to the financial institution or information that results from transactions with the customer or from any service performed for the customer or any personally identifiable information otherwise obtained from the customer. Financial institutions are held responsible for maintaining information security systems that protect the customer's information and as such, the information security systems are to be properly maintained. Included in these provisions are that financial institutions are responsible to protect their customers from having identity theft perpetrated on them due to their information being accessed by unauthorized parties.

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